Neuroanatomy Exam 1 - Gross Brain And Blood Supply

Front 1

the floor of the cerebrum

Back 1

corpus callosum

Front 2

frontal lobe functions

Back 2

learned behavior, motor cortex

Front 3

structures in the frontal lobe

Back 3

central sulcus
lateral cerebral sulcus
precentral gyrus

Front 4

precentral gyrus function

Back 4

primary motor cortex

Front 5

structures in the parietal lobe

Back 5

postcentral gyrus
parieto-occipital sulcus

Front 6

postcentral gyrus function

Back 6

primary somatosensory cortex

Front 7

temporal lobe functions

Back 7

primary auditory cortex

Front 8

occipital lobe functions

Back 8

primary visual cortex

Front 9

calcarine fissure divides:

Back 9

cuneate gyrus (superiorly) from the lingual gyrus (inferiorly)

Front 10

insula functions

Back 10

taste and other visceral functions

Front 11

limbic lobe functions

Back 11

vital survival portion of the brain, memory

Front 12

basal nuclei (ganglia)

Back 12

cell bodies deep within the cerebrum
associated with movement

Front 13

diencephalon is/contains

Back 13

cell bodies deep within the cerebral hemispheres
-thalamus
-hypothalamus
-subthalamus
-epithalamus

Front 14

thalamus function

Back 14

major sensory relay nucleus

Front 15

hypothalamus function

Back 15

link of nervous system and endocrine system, visceral functions

Front 16

subthalamus functions

Back 16

motor movement

Front 17

epithalamus contains/function

Back 17

pineal gland
day/night cycles

Front 18

hippocampus and amygdala functions

Back 18

-phyogenetically ancient cortical structure
-in temporal lobe
-role in memory consolidation and control of ANS function in relation to previous experience

Front 19

separates cerebrum and cerebellum

Back 19

transverse fissure

Front 20

white matter tracts in the cerebellum are:

Back 20

superior, middle and inferior peduncles

Front 21

superior peduncle

Back 21

connects cerebellum to midbrain and cerebrum

Front 22

middle peduncle

Back 22

connects cerebellum to pons

Front 23

inferior peduncle

Back 23

connects cerebellum to medulla and spinal cord

Front 24

brainstem consists of:

Back 24

midbrain (mesencephalon)
pons (metencephalon)
medulla (myelencephalon)

Front 25

midbrain consists of:

Back 25

crus cerebri (anteriorly)
tegmentum - CNN III and IV
tectum - corpora quadrigemina posteriorly
--superior and inferior colliculi

Front 26

pons consists of

Back 26

basis pontis - crossing fibers of the middle cerebellar peduncle
pontine tegmentum - CNN V-VIII

Front 27

medulla consists of

Back 27

pyramids and olives (anterior)
gracile and cuneate tubercles (posterior)
CNN IX-XII (exception XI)

Front 28

CN I and II are tracts of the

Back 28

diencephalon

Front 29

internal carotid artery supplies

Back 29

anterior circulation - 80% of blood supply to cortex

Front 30

internal carotid artery branches

Back 30

-anterior cerebral a
-middle cerebral a
-posterior communicating a

Front 31

anterior cerebral artery supplies

Back 31

medial aspect of the frontal and parietal lobes and medial sensorimotor cortex
-anterior communicating a

Front 32

middle cerebral artery supplied

Back 32

virtually entire lateral surface of the cerebral hemispheres
-superior and inferior divisions

Front 33

superior division of the middle cerebral a supplies

Back 33

cortex above the lateral fissure
-lateral and frontal cortex including precentral and postcentral gyri

Front 34

inferior division of the middle cerebral a supplies

Back 34

cortex below the lateral fissure
-lateral temporal lobe, parts of the parietal lobe

Front 35

Watershed zones are

Back 35

regions of the cortex between 2 cerebral vessels
- infarcts with severe drops in systemic bp

Front 36

vertebral - basilar system supplies

Back 36

posterior circulation, 20% of cortex supply

Front 37

vertebral a branches

Back 37

-posterior spinal a
-anterior spinal a
-posterior inferior cerebellar a (PICA)

Front 38

basilar a branches

Back 38

-anterior inferior cerebellar a (AICA)
-superior cerebellar a
-pontine aa
-bifurcation makes posterior cerebral a

Front 39

posterior spinal a

Back 39

runs caudally on the dorsolateral sulci of the spinal cord
-reinforced by parietal brs as they descend

Front 40

anterior spinal a

Back 40

-joins partner from opposite side to for a single a
-along ventral midline of the sc
-paramedian brs supply medial caudal medulla
-reinforced by parietal brs as it descends

Front 41

posterior inferior cerebellar a supplies

Back 41

inferior surface of the cerebellum, choroid plexus, lateral medulla

Front 42

anterior inferior cerebellar a supplies

Back 42

anterior, inferior surface of cerebellum and caudal lateral pons

Front 43

superior cerebellar a supplies

Back 43

superior surface of the cerebellum, caudal midbrain (tectum) and rostral pons

Front 44

pontine arteries branches and supply

Back 44

-paramedian branches supply medial pons
-circumferential branches supply lateral pons

Front 45

posterior cerebral a supplies

Back 45

midbrain, most of the thalamus, medial and inferior surfaces of the occipital and temporal lobes

Front 46

the communication of the anterior and posterior circulations to the cerebrum and the brainstem

Back 46

Circle of Willis

Front 47

anterior communicating arteries joins

Back 47

anterior cerebral aa

Front 48

posterior communicating arteries joins

Back 48

internal carotid aa with the posterior cerebral aa

Front 49

great cerebral vein of Galen

Back 49

lies midline behind the midbrain between the cerebrum and cerebellum

Front 50

basal veins of Rosenthal

Back 50

venous blood from the deep cerebral veins
-same names as the cerebral arteries

Front 51

superior anastomotic vein of Trolard

Back 51

recieves blood from the superficial middle cerebral vein
-drains superficial venous blood into superior sagittal sinus

Front 52

inferior anastomotic vein of Labbe

Back 52

recieves blood from superficial middle cerebral vein
-drains superficial venous blood into the confluence of sinuses posteriorly

Front 53

bridging veins

Back 53

drain venous blood from the surface of the brain, penetrate the arachnoid mater, then the dura mater to enter the dural venous sinuses