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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How is the brain asymmetrical?
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structurally (how Broca/Wernicke's is only on the left), fxnally (left/right handedness), chemically, and physically (size, length of sulcus/fissures)
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What are the factors of brain asymmetry origination?
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Hereditary (got it from parents), Evolutionary (L hemisphere was more elaborate over the centuries), Developmental, Experiential (primary visual cortex underdeveloped), Pathology (in eutero or TBI)
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Which hemisphere is more discretely organized?
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Left
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What is somatotopic organization?
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body map- relates body part to the place on the motor cortex that controls it- greater proportion for more finite motor movement body part
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Where is the auditory association cortex located?
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surrounding Heschl's gyrus- both sides of the Plantum Temporale (posteriorly)
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What is the difference between the left and right planum temporale?
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Left- greater surface area, longer lateral sulcus
Right- lateral sulcus is shorter and more acutely angled |
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What would be the effect of a stroke that damaged the left primary motor strip?
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If you have a stroke on one side of the brain, you will have weakness/control problems on the opposite side of the brain
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With respect to the parietal lobe, is control contralateral or ipsilateral?
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contralateral
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What are 2 fxns that the parietal lobe supports?
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attention to what's in our extrapersonal space, awareness of your own body or facial expressions of others
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What difference is there between how strongly wired the right parietal lobe is versus the left for these fxns?
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Right is more tightly wired- walk into things alot- Left side is milder and it goes away- not as persistent
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What are 4 cognitive fxns supported by the anterior frontal lobes?
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intelligence, behavior, inhibitory control, short term memory, affect, executive fxn, long term goal planning, and difficulty w/ social behavior
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What 2 factors of brain asymmetry will we focus on?
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Fxnal and structural
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What are types of structural asymmetry?
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1. Hemispheres between poles vary in length
2. Planum temporale has greater surface area on left- lateral sulcus is shorter and more acutely angled in right 3. Rolandic fissure is deeper on the right side 4. Left hemisphere is more discretely organized- right is more diffusely |
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What are the 2 special motor areas?
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Brodman's 8 area and Broca's area
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What are the other motor areas?
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Pre-motor area anterior to the primary motor area and area behind the post-central gyrus and Island of Reil
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What are the Primary Sensory Fxns?
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Vision, Auditory, Olfactory, Somatosensory
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Where do we find the auditory association cortex?
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Heshl's gyrus- posterior portion of the plantum temporale
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Which sense is used ipsilaterally?
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Olfaction- Olfactory cortex in each Temporal lobe- Right part of brain picks up right nostril senses
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Which primary sense fxn doesn't have a motor side?
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Somatosensory- teeth, gums- cortex areas 1,2,3,5,9, let's you sense touch, pressure,...but you can't move them- somatotopically organized
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What are the sensory association fxns?
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Visual association (surrounds primary visual cortex), auditory association, somesthetic, angular gyrus, and supramarginal gyrus
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What significance to sensation does the angular gyrus and supramarginal gyrus add?
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Wraps around sylvian fissure- MAJOR cross modal association area
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How are the Parietal lobes controlled?
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contralaterally
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What does the parietal lobes allow us to do?
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attend to stimuli, pay attention to what's in our extrapersonal space, facial recognition- might not be able to recognize people by sight but can recognize their voice or scent
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Where is the cognitive fxn controlled?
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Frontal Lobe- prefrontal area (anterior to Brodman's 8)
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What cognitive fxns. are controlled in the prefrontal area?
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Higher intelligence, behavior, inhibitory control, short term memory, affect
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What disease is characterized by having a very flat affect?
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Parkinson's disease- may sound depressed, external look on face is w/o facial expression
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What are examples of executive fxns. controlled by the prefrontal area?
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Long term goal planning, inhibiting social behavior (what you can/can't say in social settings), and problem solving
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