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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define the Peripheral Nervous System.
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All of the nervous system found outside of the cranial vault and spinal column- includes the cranial nerves and cerebral blood system
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Define the Central Nervous System.
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All of the nervous system contained within the cranial vault and spinal column- includes cerebellum, cerebrum, brain stem, diencephelon, basal ganglia, ...
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The sulcus that runs the full anterior/posterior length of the inner surface of the calvaria accomodates what structure?
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the superior sagittal sinus
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Name the holes in the middle cranial fossa.
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Foramen Ovale, Foramen Rotundum, and Foramen Lacerum
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Name the holes in the posterior cranial fossa.
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the Jugular Foramen, Foramen Magnum, Internal Acoustic Meatus, and the Hypoglossal canal
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Name the holes in the anterior cranial fossa.
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the Foramen Cecum,
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What passes through the foramen magnum?
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the brain stem becomes the spinal cord- the meninges and medulla oblongata also pass through
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Why is it useful to understand that there are differences in the surfaces of various parts of the inner surface of the cranial vault?
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Anterior and Middle Cerebral Fossa are very rough with spiney projections which catch/snag brain during TBI
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What are the bones that make up the Anterior Cranial Fossa?
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Frontal, Sphenoid, and Ethmoid Bones
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What bones make up the Middle Cranial Fossa?
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Parietal, Temporal, and Sphenoid bones
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What bones make up the Posterior Cranial Fossa?
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Occipital, Temporal, Spheniod, and Parietal Bones
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The brain is a network. How does this effect lesions on it?
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Lesions in one area can severely effect another area- size doesn't matter- location is key
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What bones are contained in the cranial vault?
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The calvaria and posterior, middle, and anterior cranial fossa.
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What is the calvaria and what bones make it up?
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The skull cap- Frontal, Parietal, and Occipital Bones
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What are the 3 sutures of the calvaria and what do they connect?
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Coronal suture- frontal bone and parietal bone
Sagittal Suture- both sides of the Parietal Bone Lambdoid Suture- Occipital Bone and Parietal Bone |
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On the inside of the calvaria, the round pits, or arachnoid granulations, contain what?
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Granular Foveolai
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What is the crista galley?
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Cribriform plates that lodge the olfactory bulbs and nerves
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What is the sella tursica?
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Cuplike indents in the middle c.f. where the pituitary gland rests
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Where is the internal acoustic meatus found and what passes through it?
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in the middle c.f.- the 8th auditory nerve and 7th facial nerve pass through
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What passes through the foramen lacerum?
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the internal carotid artery and nerve- brain blood supply
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What passes through the jugular foramen?
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Glossopharyngeal (9th) nerve, vagus (10th) nerve, accessory (11th) nerve, and the sigmoid sinus (jugular vein once is leaves the brain)
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What passes through the hypoglossal canal?
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the hypoglossal nerve (12th)
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What passes through the foramen magnum?
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Medulla oblongata and meninges
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Why is the foramen magnum important during brain injury?
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give the brain somewhere to go when it swells- brain stem goes through it
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What does the brain weigh?
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3 lbs.- 2% of bodies weight- uses up 20% of bodies vascular supply and 25% of its oxygen supply
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What is the brain composed of?
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Neural cells- 10-14 billion cells- each makes contact w/ 5,000-50,000 cell neighbors
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What is the metabolism of the brain?
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brain receives 750-1000 mL of freshly oxygenated blood every minute- extracts 50 mL oxygen and 100 mG of glucose
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What is the result of interupted blood flow?
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10 seconds- lose consciousness
20 seconds- brain damage 2-3 minutes- permanent brain damage |
