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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Majority of adult primary tumors located where?
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Supratentorial
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Majority of child primary tumors located where?
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Infratentorial
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Most common primary brain tumor
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Glioblastoma multiforme (Grade IV astrocytoma)
<1 year life expectancy |
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Where is Glioblastoma multiforme found
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Cerebral hemispheres; can cross corpus callosum
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"Butterfly glioma" staining for GFAP
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Glioblastoma multiforme
GFAP stains astrocytes |
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"Pseudopalisading" pleomorphic tumor cells with border areas of necrosis and hemorrhage
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Glioblastoma multiforme
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Clinical signs of CNS tumor
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Headache (worse at night), nausea, vomiting, seizures, dementia, focal lesions, symptoms/signs of increased ICP
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Second most common primary brain tumor in adults
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Meningioma
Resectable; benign |
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Meningioma occurs where?
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Convexities of hemispheres and parasagittal region
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Meningioma arises from?
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Arachnoid cells external to brain
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Spindle cells concentrically arranged in a whorled pattern; psammoma bodies
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Meningioma
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Usually attached to dura
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Meningioma
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Third most common primary brain tumor in adults
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Schwannoma - originates from Schwann cells
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Schwannoma location?
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CN VIII localization --> acoustic schwannoma
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Usually found at cerebellopontine angle; S-100 positive
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Schwannoma
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Adult primary tumor found in frontal lobes
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Oligodendroglioma
Relatively rare and slow-growing |
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Classic "fried egg" appearance with perinuclear halos (cytoplasmic clearing) and chicken-wire capillary pattern
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Oligodendroglioma
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Anterior pituitary adenoma derived from
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Rathke's pouch
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Childhood peak incidence tumors
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Pilocytic astrocytoma
Medulloblastoma Ependymoma Hemangioblastoma Craniopharyngioma |
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Adult peak incidence tumors
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Glioblastoma mulfiorme
Meningioma Schwannoma Oligodendroglioma Pituitary adenoma (prolactinoma most commonly) |
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Well circumscribed, GFAP positive, benign tumor found in posterior fossa in children
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Pilocytic (low-grade) astrocytoma
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Rosenthal fibers - eosinoophilic corkscrew fibers; grossly cystic and solid
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Pilocytic (low-grade) astrocytoma
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Supratentorial childhood tumors
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Pilocytic (low-grade) astrocytoma
Craniopharyngioma |
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Highly malignant cerebellar tumor in children that can compress 4th ventricle and cause hydrocephalus
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Medulloblastoma
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Form of primitive neuroectodermal tumor
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Medulloblastoma
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Rosettes or perivascular pseudorosette pattern of cells
Histology - small blue cells |
Medulloblastoma
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Most commonly found in 4th ventricle --> hydrocephalus
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Ependymoma
Medulloblastoma (malignant) can invade 4th ventricle from cerebellum and cause hydrocephalus |
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Perivascular pseudorosettes with rod-shaped blepharoplasts found near nucleus
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Ependymoma
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Most common brain malignancy (all types)
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Metastasis
Lung Breast Skin (melanoma) Kidney GI tract |
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Brain metastasis on MRI
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Multiple nodular enhancing masses of varying sizes
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Frontal lobe tumor that frequently calcifies
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Oligodendroglioma
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Foamy cells and high vascularity
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Hemangioblastoma
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Cerebellar tumors
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Medulloblastoma, hemangioblastoma
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Associated with VPL syndrome when found with retinal angiomas
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Hemangioblastoma
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Can produce secondary polycythemia
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Hemangioblastoma (ectopic EPO)
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Most common childhood supratentorial tumor
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Craniopharyngioma (above sella turcica)
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Craniopharyngioma derived from?
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Rathke's pouch remnants
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Calcification and hemorrhage; filled with oily green fluid on MRI and seen with satellite tumors
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Craniopharyngioma
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