Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
what Carries highest mortality of any psychiatric diagnosis?
|
Delirium
|
|
|
how long does it take for delerium to set in?
|
Change in cognition (e.g., memory deficit, disorientation, language disturbance) or a perceptual disturbance not better accounted for by existing dementia
Development over a short time (hours to days) and fluctuation during the day |
|
|
what are some of the Predisposing Factors to delirium?
|
Advanced age ( esp. > 80)
Dementia or cognitive impairment Preexisting brain disease or injury Medical co-morbidity History of alcohol abuse or dependence Sensory impairment (vision, hearing) Immobility |
|
|
what are some of the Precipitating Factors to delirium?
|
Acute cardiac events
Acute pulmonary events Prolonged bed rest Drug withdrawal (sedatives, alcohol) Fecal impaction Fluid or electrolyte disturbances Indwelling devices Infections (esp. respiratory, urinary) Medications Restraints Malnutrition Uncontrolled pain Urinary retention Environmental change |
|
|
big difference btw delirium and dementia
**** |
delirium develops over minutes/hours
dementia develops over years |
|
|
big difference btw delirium and depression
**** |
delirium has changes in lvls of consciousness
depression does not |
|
|
big difference btw delirium and schizophrenia?
***** |
delirium has changes in lvls of consciousness
SZ does not |
|
|
chart for delirium
|
|
|
|
Critical Causes of Delirium?
|
Infectious Sepsis, UTI, syphilis, meningitis, pneumonia…
Withdrawal Alcohol, barbiturates, sedative-hypnotics… Acute metabolic Acidosis, hepatic/renal failure, electrolytes… Trauma Head trauma, burns, heat stroke, surgery… CNS pathology Stroke, tumor, seizures, vasculitis, SAH… Hypoxia Lung disease, hypotension, cardiac failure… Deficiencies B12, niacin, thiamine, hypoalbuminemia… Endocrinopathies Diabetes, adrenal, thyroid… Acute vascular Shock, hypertensive encephalopathy… Toxins or drugs Medications, pesticides, solvents, Heavy metals Lead, manganese, mercury… |
|
|
in old folk what is an important cause of delirium?
|
POLYPHARMACY !!!!
remember that nutritional status can effect pharmakokinetics |
|
|
what is important in the history taking of dementia
|
asking other ppl, including nurses on the floor to obtain onset
|
|
|
what is the key to effective behavioral management of a pt w/ dementia?
**** |
Provide “social” restraints (e.g., redirection)
Avoid physical restraints Consider a sitter or allow family to stay in room Place patient near nurses station so they can be monitored closely note: kids and old ppl are most likely to cause harm |
