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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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cranial nerve 1
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olfactory visural motor nerve7 impacts glands of the head exempt for the intergumentery glands and parratid gland
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nerve 2 Modality -cell bodies- function-receptoprs-projections- function
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Modality -special sensory
Cell bodies - lateral geniculit neuclious receptors- ganglin cells of retina ( receptors) projection- from retina --> primary visual cortex function - vision |
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nerve 3- modality-cell bodies- brain stem -projection- function
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modality- somatic motor/ visceral motor
cell bodies -oculomotor nucleus and also the - edinger westphal brain stem level- midbrain projection - eye Function- somatic/ visceral motor |
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nerve 3 (what is it) function somatic
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oculomotor-
Somatic motor to extraocular eye muscles ( except for the superior oblique and the lateral rectus) |
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nerve 3 (what is it) function visceral motor
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oculomotor-
parasympathetic supply to ciliary and papillary constictor muscles (allows eyes to dialate) |
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nerve 4 (modality, cell bodies, brainstem lv, projection, function)
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trochlear
cell bodies - trochlear nuclei brainstem- midbrain projection- eye function - motor to superior oblique |
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nerve 5 (modality, cell bodies, brainstem lv)
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trigeminal-
modality -2 brachial motor and general sensory cell bodies-trigeminal brainstem- pons, medulla, midbrain |
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nerve 5 projections brachial motor
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Profiles motor information to the:
muscles of mastication (chewing) the tensor tympana (ear) tensor vili palatini (ear) milo hyoid (swallowing) anterior belly of the digasteric (swallowing) |
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nerve 5 projections general sensory
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gathers information from:
face scalp to the top of the head conjunctiva bulb of the eye muscles membranes form the para nasal sinisus nasal and oral cavities including the tongue and the teeth part of the external aspect of the tm manginess of the anterior and middle cranial fossae |
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nerve 6 (modality, cell bodies, brainstem lv, projection, function)
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abducens
modality- somatic motor cell bodies- abducens brainstem- pons projections- eye |
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nerve 7 1st modal brachial,modality, cell bodies, brainstem lv, projection, function
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Facial
cell bodies- facial brain stem -pons function- motor information to the stapedious stylohyiod posterior belly of the digastious muscle muscles of facial expression ( buxinator, platysma occipitalous muscles) |
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Nerve 7 2nd modality visceral cell bodies, brainstem lv, projection, function
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cell bodies- superior salivary
brainstem lv- pons Function-help stimulate the : lacrimal submandibular sub lingual glands mucosal membrane of nose hard and soft palates |
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nerve 7 3rd modality GS, cell bodies, brainstem lv, projection, function
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cell bodies- trigeminal
brainstem lv- medulla, pons, midbrain function- gets sensory infor from skin of the concha of the aurcile small area skin from behind the ear wall of the acoustic meatus external tm |
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nerve 7 SS, modality, cell bodies, brainstem lv, projection, function
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modality -special sensory
cell bodies- tractus solitarus brainstem- medulla function- gets sensory information taste form anterior 2/3 of the tongue hard and soft palette |
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nerve 8 (modality, cell bodies, brainstem lv, projection, function)
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vestibulocochlear
modality- special sensory cell bodies - vestibular /cochlear brainstem - medulla, pons / pontomedullary (junction) function- audiotor information form the cocheala balence information from the semi circular canals |
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nerve 9 (Brachial motor) (modality, cell bodies, brainstem lv, projection, function)
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Glossopharyngeal
modality- branchial motor cell bodies- ambiguus brainstem- medulla function- provides motor informaton sylilo pharyngeus muscle |
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nerve 9 (visceral motor) (modality, cell bodies, brainstem lv, projection, function)
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modality- visceral motor
cell bodies- inferior salivatory brainstem- pons function- provides motor information otic ganglion sends fibers to stimulate perotid gland |
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nerve 9 (visceral sensory) (modality, cell bodies, brainstem lv, projection, function)
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modality- visceral sensory
cell bodies- tractus solitarus brainstem- medulla,pons,midbrain function- carries sensation from coratic body coratid sinus |
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nerve 9 (general SEN) (modality, cell bodies, brainstem lv, projection, function)
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modality- general sensory
cell bodies- trigeminal brainstem- medulla,pons, midbrain function- arries sensory get info from post 1/3 of the tongue (pressure) skin of external ear internal surfus of the tm |
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nerve 9 (SS) (modality, cell bodies, brainstem lv, projection, function)
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modality- Special Sensory
cell bodies- tractus solitarus brainstem- medulla Function- taste from the post 1/3 of the tongue |
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what is the pathway?
Cerebellar projection (Afferent) Dorsal spinocerebellar |
spinal cord to the medulla to the inferior cerebellar peduncle to the cerebellum
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what is the pathway?
Cerebellar projection (Afferent) cuneocerebellar |
accessory cuneate nucleus to the medulla passing through the inferior cerebellar peduncle to the cerebellum
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what is the pathway?
Cerebellar projection (Afferent) Rostral spinocerebellar |
From the posterior spinal cord to the medulla passing though the inferior cerebellar peduncle to the cerebellum
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what is the pathway?
Cerebellar projection (Afferent) reticulocerebellar |
from the reticular nuclei passing through the medulla passing through the inferior cerebellar peduncle to the cerebellum
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what is the pathway?
Cerebellar projection (Afferent) vestibulocerebellar |
From the vestibular canal passing though the medulla to the inferior cerebellar peduncle to the cerebellum
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what is the pathway?
Cerebellar projection (Afferent) olivocerebellar |
leaves the olivary nucleus and pass out at the medulla goes to the inferior peduncle to be distributed to the cerebellar hemisphere
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what is the pathway?
Cerebellar projection (Afferent) Pontocerebellar |
Starts at the pons goes through the pons to the middle peduncle to the cerebellar hemisphere
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what is the pathway?
Cerebellar projection (Afferent) ventral spinocerebellar |
starts at the ventral portion of the spinal cord, to the isthmus through the middle cerbellar peduncle and finally to the cerebellum
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what is the pathway?
Cerebellar projection (Efferent) juxtarestiform body |
starts inside the inferior cerebellar peduncle goes to the medulla, takes information to the brainstem
It also carries primary sensory fibers from the vestibular ganglia to the cerebellum |
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what is the pathway?
Cerebellar projection (Efferent) Superior Cerebellar peduncle |
the cerebellar peduncle leaves as a fiber to 2 parts, Part of the bundle terminates in the contralateral red nucleus; the bulk of the fibers continue Thalamus
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All cells have 6 components
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1.Bilipid plasma membrane
2.proteins 3. nucleus and nucleolus 4. mitochondria 5. other organelles 6. cytoskeleton |
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6 differences that nerve cells have
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1. processes
a. axons b. dendrites 2.Nissl substance 3.more mitochondria 4. cell body 5. terminal boutons 6. myelin |
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what is the primary function of the spinal cord
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To collect stimuli from the environment and transmit this information to the cerebral cortex
and then retransmit the “answers” from the cortex all the way back to the periphery. It also serves as the coordinating center for the reflex arc. |
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what is grey matter and white matter
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A) Gray matter
Located within the spinal cord and arranged in a butterfly shape · Comprised of neuronal cell bodies and unmyelinated nerve fibers b) White matter · Creates the outer portion of the spinal cord · Composed mainly of myelinated nerve fiber tracts that carry nerve impulses up and down the cord between the brain and the rest of the body |
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What is the anatomy of the spinal cord
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White cylindrical cord, 18 inches,
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what does cns stand for
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central nervous system
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what does pns stand for
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peripheral nervous system
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what are the two types of cells
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neurons (nerve cells)
satellite cells |
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What structures make up the central nervous system?
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brain, spinal cord
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what is the difference between a nerve and a tract?
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in the CNS large number of nerves that coarse together are tracts
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What is the first phase of sending a nerve impulse
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1. Resting neuron positive sodium ions are continuously pumped out from the cell; the inside of the cell membranae is negatively charged.
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what is the second phase of sending a nerve impulse
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2. Nerve impulse triggered Stimulated by an impulse the cell membrane allows positive sodium ions to rush into the cel. At these local sites, the inside of the membrane becomes positively charged
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what is the third phase of sending a nerve impulse
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as the impulse moves along the axon new segments become positively changed while those that were previously positive return to a negative state
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what is the 4th phase when sending a nerve impulse
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the impulse reaces the synaptic knob triggering the release of neurotransmitter molecules from the vesicles. the molecules cross the synaptic cleft to activate a response in the target cell
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what are the key words associated with the sodium pump?
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Nerve impulse axon terminal vesicle synaptic knob, neurotransmitter molecules
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what are nerves resting potential?
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-70mv
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process of nerve impulses
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perturbations of plasma membrane causes local potentials which may be excitatory or inhibitory. if the potentials reache -15mv then a nerve impulse is initiated. the potential is propagated along the axon until it reaches the terminal boutons, here the action potentials cause a release of neurotransmitters from the synaptic vesicles into the synaptic cleft. This in turn excites or inhibits the postsynaptic membra in cause local potentials in the next cell
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how many portions is the brain stem divided into and what are they?
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3. medulla, pons midbrain
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where and what is the diencephalon?
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it is rostral to the midbrain
4 divisions thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus, subthalamus |
