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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1st generation antihistamines
H1 blockers |
Diphenhydramine
demenhydrinate chlorpheniramine hydroxyzine promethazine *sedating *antimuscarinic |
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2nd generation antihistamines
H1 blockers |
Loratadine, fexofenadine, desloratadine, cetirizine
*less sedating, no antimuscarinic effects |
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Drugs with antimuscarinic effects
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antihistamines
TCAs Antipsychotics (typical and atypical) antispasmodics |
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typical antipsychotics-
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Azines, + haloperidol
*Block D2 receptors *treat positve symp. of schizo *neuroeptic malignant syndrome- treat with dantrolene |
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side effects of typical antipsychotics
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4h- acute dystonia
4d-akinesia (parkinsonism) 4wk- akathasia-restless (give benzo, beta blocker) 4 mo- tardive dyskinisia (oral facial mvts) |
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to treat drug induced tremor?
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benztropine
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essential tremor
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propanolol
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atypical antipsychotics
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treat positive and negative schizo symptoms
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Lithium toxicity
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thiazidea and NSAIDS
increasing Na reab. increases lithium reab. in PCT |
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Mood stabilizers for bipolar
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Lithium
Valproic acid carbamazepine |
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buspirone
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generalized anxiety disorder, low potential for abuse
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SSRI
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*depression, OCD
-impotence -serotinin syndrome with MAO, dextromethorpan (cough suppressant) and st john wort *use cyprohepatadine, a receptor antagonist to trear serotonin syndrome. |
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to treat bedwetting
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imipramine- a TCA
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trazodone
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inhibits serotonin re-uptake
sedative priapism |
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sleep stages
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BATS Drink Blood
Beta-awake, open eyes 1--Alpha-awake, close eyes 2--Theta- light sleep 3--Spindle-Deeper sleep 4--Delta-Deepest sleep, night terrors, bed wetting. imipramine stops bedwetting (benzos shorten this stage, prevent terrors) Beta-REM (paradoxical) (alcohol and NE lower REM) Ach is primarily involved in REM |
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REM
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Like sex- penile erection
decreses with age |
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sleep initiation?
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serotinin releases at raphe nucleus
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barbiturates
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--arbital
--pental increase duration of Cl opening |
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benzos
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---zepam
--zolam increase frequency of Cl opening |
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TCA
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---pramine
---ptyline |
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MAO inhibitors
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non selective- phenelzine and tranylcypromine (anti depressants)
selegiline- MAO-B inhibitor thus increases availability of dopamine. used in parknsons |
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COMT inhibitors
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--capone
(entacapone, tolcapone) prevent breakdown of dopamine, used in parkinson's |
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drugs that cause seizures
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bupropion (antidepressant)
isoniazid imipinem |
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Vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage
treat? |
treat with calcium channel blockers
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short acting benzos
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more dependence, less sedation
Alprazolam, triazolam, oxazepam, midazolam |
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Medium acting benzos
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estazolam, lorazepam, temazepam
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Long acting benzos
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*less dependence
*more sedation diazepam, flurazepam, clorazepam, chlordiazepoxide, |
