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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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4 basic types of herniations that can occur:
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1. Downward Transtentorial
2. Cingulate herniation 3. Uncal herniation 4. Cerebellar tonsil herniation |
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Where will a cingulate herniation occur?
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Under the falx cerebri
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What can a Cingulate Herniation damage?
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Anterior Cerebral Artery
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How do herniations cause Coma and Death?
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By compressing the brain stem
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Where IS the uncus?
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On the medial portion of the temporal lobe
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What is a Cerebellar tonsillar herniation?
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Herniation into Foramen magnum
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What is an Uncal herniation again?
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Herniation of the UNCUS across the tentorium causing compression of the brainstem.
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What are 4 clinical signs of an UNCAL herniation?
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1. Ipsilateral dilated pupil and ptosis
2. Contralateral homonymous hemianopia 3. Ipsilateral paresis 4. Duret hemorrhages |
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What causes the Ipsilateral ptosis and pupil dilation?
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Stretch of the OCULOMOTOR CN III
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What causes the contralateral homonymous hemianopia?
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Compression of the ipsilateral PCA
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What causes the Ipsilateral paresis?
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Compression of the CONTRALATERAL crus cerebri
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What is the exact part of the contralateral crus cerebri that gets compressed in an uncal herniation?
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Kernohan's notch
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What causes the Duret hemorrhages?
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Caudal displacement of the brainstem
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What artery ruptures in Duret hemorrhages?
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The Paramedian artery
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