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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What hormones does posterior pituitary release? How are they transported? |
Neurons in supraoptic nuclei and PVN produce--> Oxytocin and vasopressin --> release into capillaries and go straight into blood stream |
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How does Anterior Pituitary work? What hormones does it produce? How are they transported? |
Regulated by releasing hormones from hypothalamus. Neuroendocrine cells produced hormones, send to median eminence, which then lets them seep into blood vessels of hypophyseal portal system, which takes them to anterior pituitary. ACTH, TSH, FSH, LH, prolactin, and GH |
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Two parts of adrenal gland and functions |
Adrenal Cortex- regulated by ACTH, produces adrenocorticoids Adrenal Medulla- supplied with autonomic nerves. Produces Epinephrine and NE |
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Regulation of male hormones by GnRH |
Anterior Pituatitary: FSH and LH FSH- stroll cells (sperm) LH- leydig cells + make testosterone, which has positive feedback on stroll and male reproductive organs |
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Regulation of Female hormones by GnRH |
1. FSH stimulates follice, which secretes estrogen so uterine wall builds up 2. At peak levels estrogen, LH secreted in burst, triggering ovulation 3. Egg is now corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone if implanted to keep wall of uterus and ready breasts for milk and Human Chorionic Gonadotropin. Otherwise, when progesterone low enough, FSH secreted again |
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CAH (Congential Andrenal Hyperplasia) |
lack 21-hydroxylase protein to make cortisol and aldosterone--> body produces MORE androgens. F: normal f organs, externally ambiguous M: earlier onset puberty, hyper masculine |
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Turner Syndrome |
Chromosomal XO, appear female with underdeveloped ovaries |
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AIS (Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome) |
Chromosomal XY, but mutation in androgen receptor gene causes insensitivity to androgens. Appear female at birth, but because SRY functional, sertoli secrete anti-mullerian hormone so female system atrophies, but male system can't respond to the testosterone produced |
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Dopamine's Effect on Sexual Behavior |
Mesostriatal= muscular response Mesolimbocorticol= sexual motivation MPOA= body posture and motivation |
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Hippocampal Stress Loop |
Destruction of hippocampal cells --> elevated CRH (bc can no longer inhibit PVN) --> elevated ACTH --> elevated cortisol--> kills more hippocampal cells |
