Neuro -- Non-Infectious Inflammatory/idiopathic

Front 1

What are the findings in CNS SLE?

Back 1

- Vaso-occlusive processes from vasculitis and/or associated hypercoagulability resulting in multifocal ischemia and infarctions as evidenced by cortical and subcortical edema.
- Global brain atrophy
- Hemorrhage
- Venous sinus thrombosis

Front 2

What are the imaging findings in LCH?

Back 2

- Lytic lesions of calvarium with homogeneous intense enhancement. May have associated soft tissue mass.
- Infiltration of the pituitary stalk and hypothalamus with loss of bright spot of posterior pituitary. Most commonly results in diabetes insipidus. Mimics the appearance of germinoma affecting the pituitary stalk.
- Parenchymal lesions in the cerebral hemispheres, brainstem, and/or cerebellum that are T1 hypo and T2 hyperintense with homogeneous enhancement.
- Nodular thickening of the dura and/or leptomeninges.

Front 3

1. What is the etiology of Wernicke's encephalopathy?
2. What is the classic clinical triad of Wernicke encephalopathy?
3. What patient population is at risk for Wernicke's encephalopathy?
4. What patient population is at risk for developing Wernicke's encephalopathy?

Back 3

1. Severe thiamine deficiency
2. Classic triad is only seen in 1/3 of pts and includes ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and mental confusion.
3. Most commonly seen in alcoholics but can also be seen in other pts who are malnourished (anorexia, small bowel obstruction, hyperemesis gravidarum, etc).
4.
- T2 hyperintensity in the periaqueductal gray matter, mamillary bodies, and paraventricular regions of the thalamus and hypothalamus.
- Enhancement after contrast.
- Chronically, the mamillary bodies will show atrophy.

Front 4

1. What is mesial temporal sclerosis?
2. What are the imaging findings?
3. What percentage of cases are bilateral?
4. What is the treatment of MTS?

Back 4

1. Most common pathologic entity associated with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy.
2.
- High T2SI in the hippocampus.
- Hippocampal volume loss
- Ipsilateral atrophy of the hippocampal collateral white matter.
- Enlarged temporal horn.
3. MTS may be bilateral and symmetric or asymmetric in up to 20% of pts.
4. Temporal lobectomy.