Neuro Mod 7 Embryology

Front 1

Mitosis

Back 1

asexual reproduction, exact duplicates of parents, accommodates growth and replaces mature cells

Front 2

_________ Occurs during Zygote period

Back 2

Mitosis

Front 3

Meiosis

Back 3

sexual reproduction of a cell
-Not identical to parent cell.

union of two germ cells (gametes)
_ egg + sperm = zygote
_ 46 chromosomes ( 23 pr)
_ meiosis

Front 4

Period of the Zygote fertilization to implantation

Back 4

2 weeks

Front 5

___________ occurs 7-8 days post fertilization

Back 5

Implantation

Front 6

fetus

Back 6

8 weeks to birth

Front 7

embryo period

Back 7

2- 8 weeks

Front 8

embryo what is happening?

Back 8

_ Beginning of organ systems
_ Development of membranes to protect and nourish embryo/fetus
_ Yolk sac – initially primary nutrient to embryo, becomes non-functional part of umbilical cord, derived from inner cells

Front 9

embryo - what is going on?

Back 9

Inner mass of the blastocyst (at this point)
_ Differentiates into three germ layers (cell differentian occurs)
_ Ectoderm – nervous tissue, epidermis, hair, nails, internal and external ear, epithelial tissue
_ Endoderm – deepest, epithelial lining of digestive and respiratory tract, larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs
_ Mesoderm – connective tissues (bone, blood vessels, cartilage, muscles, middle ear and kidneys)

Front 10

fetus what is developed?

Back 10

_ Organs completely formed
_ Human appearance
_ Ossification and hair growth
_ Heart beat detected end of three months
_ Capable of survival at 26 weeks
_ Subcutaneous fat at end of 8th month
_ Double wt in 8 and 9th month
_ Major nerve tracts of the brain, new brain cells
_ Movement by 12 weeks

Front 11

Spina bifida

Back 11

occurs when the spinal cord, surrounding nerves and/or
spinal column fail to develop normally during the first 28 days of
gestation. The condition can affect the nervous, urinary, muscular and
skeletal systems — often causing bowel and bladder complications and
paralysis below the spinal defect.

Front 12

RDS

Back 12

is a life threatening lung disorder that commonly affects
premature infants. Respiratory distress syndrome results from
insufficient levels of surfactant, a foamy fluid substance produced
by the body between the 34th and 37th week of
pregnancy. Surfactant is essential for the expansion of the alveoli
or air sacs of the lungs. When an infant is born prematurely, their
lungs have not produced the necessary amount of surfactant.
Without surfactant, the lungs cannot inflate, resulting in RDS.
Hence the longer the gestation period, the less severe RDS.

Front 13

Auditory abnormalities

Back 13

_ atresia external auditory meatus (closed or absent)
_ congenital deafness
_ microtia, small auricle, often accompanied by no ear canal

Front 14

Pluripotent are cells during which stage

Back 14

Period of the Zygote

Front 15

Pluripotent means

Back 15

ability of a single stem cell to develop into many cell types of the body, undifferentiated