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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the general structure of the neuron?
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soma, processes (axons and/or dendrites), terminals (boutons), post synaptic specializations
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morphological variations of neurons
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unipolar, bipolar, multipolar, pseudounipolar
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role of protoplasmic astocyte
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in contact w/ neuronal stomata and dendrites and provides significant structural and metabolic support to neurons, most abundant glia
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how are fibrous astrocytes diff
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in CNS white matter, in contact mostly w/ axons, a few dendrites,
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what do astrocyte cytoskeletons have that is used as an immunohistochemical marker
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glial fibrillary acidic protein GFAP
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what is one of the main jobs of astrocytes
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remove K+, transmitter and transmitter components from extracelleular fluid,
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what faciliates astrocytes to remove stuff
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gap junctions
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what happens when these gap junctions are open
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allow astrocytes to form fxnal unit to move ions, amino acids or other small molecules away from a potentially toxic site of build-up, or to distribute metabolically important molecules
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what are astrocyte end-feet assoc w/
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blood vessels (glial limitans) BBB
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fxn of microglia
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transform into phagocytes b/c of inflammation or injury (in white and grey matter of CNS)
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what are the two main fxns of neuronal cytoskeleton
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integrity and shape of neurons, axoplasmic flow
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activated microglia become indistinguishable from what other cell types
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phagocytic macrophages
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where can neural precursor cells be found
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subventricular zone SVZ, just beneath lateral ventricles next to striatum
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where are new neurons generated in the adult
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hippocampus esp. dentate gyrus, Maybe olfactory system?
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3 components of cytoskeletal matrix
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microtubules, neurofilaments, microfilaments
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what assembles and disassembles microtubules
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MAPS
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what participates in axoplasmic flow
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neurofilaments and microtubules
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what is the smallest cytoskeletal elements, what is it made of and what is its purpose
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microfilaments, actin, growth and remodeling including formation of growth cones
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marker used to identify precursor cell s in the CNS
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Nestin
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which is faster, anterograde or retrograde
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retrograde
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