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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Dorso-lateral-pre-frontal vortex functions |
Executive functioning, working memory, conceptualization, and higher learning |
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Orbito-frontal-cortex |
Decision making, inhibition, personal/social reasoning |
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Parietal lobes |
Visual/spatial awareness, sensory |
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Temporal lobes |
Auditory perception, memory, recognizing faces, autobiographical recall |
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Occipital lobe |
Vision |
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Cerebellum |
Balance, motor movement, music perception, posture, gait |
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Brain stem |
Breathing and consciousness |
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Broca’s area |
Speech production |
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Wernicke’s area |
Speech comprehension |
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Archuic fasciculus |
Allows repetition of words |
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Central nervous system consist of |
Brain and spinal cord |
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Peripheral nervous system |
Autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system |
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Autonomic nervous system |
Sympathetic and parasympathetic |
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Parasympathetic system |
Rest and digest; energy conservation |
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Axon hillock |
Trigger zone; Allows excitation for action potential |
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Oligondendroglial |
Insulin; lays myelin around axons |
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Ependymal cell |
Secretes cerebral spinal fluid |
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Extracellular substances |
Na+ |
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Intercellular substance |
K+ and large negative Anion (K+A-) |
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Resting state electrical potential |
-70 mlv |
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If the cell is -70 and it changes to -60, will there be a potential depolarization? |
Yes, -/+ 10 results in a change |
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Depolarization results in |
Excitation due to influx of Na+; the inside is less negative/more positive |
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Glu |
Glutamate; main excitatory neurotransmitter |
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GABA |
Gamma-aminobutyric acid; main neurotransmitter inhibitor |
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DA |
Dopamine; increase positive affect |
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5-HT |
Serotonin; regulation of mood, appetite/arousal, pain perception |
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EP |
Epinephrine; adrenaline, fight/flight |
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NE |
Norepinephrine; Sleep, interest, guilt, energy, concentration, appetite, psychomotor movement, suicidality (SIGECAPS) |
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Ach |
Acytocholine; inhibition for sympathetic nervous system |
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EEG |
Electroencephalogram; functional; measures graded potentials on dendrites |
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PET |
Position Emission tomography; function, looks at metabolic activity |
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FMRI |
Functional Magnetic resonance imaging; looking for increased blood flow |
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MRI |
Magnetic resonance imaging; function, pictures of area that contain water |
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CT |
Computer tomography; Structure, has radiation |
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Brain stem dysfunction |
Decreased level of consciousness and respiratory |
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Propagation |
An action potential is being continually regenerated at points along the axon |
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Salvatore conduction |
Faster propagation of the action potential |
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Astrocyte cell |
Provides nutrition to neuron |
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Microglia cell |
Immune/defensive function |
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Schwann cell |
Lays myelin around peripheral nerve (in spine) |
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Dysfunction of what area may produce depression or mania? |
Ventral tegmental area (VTA) |
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Phases of action potential and refractory periods |
Threshold/resting > absolute refractory/depolarization > absolutely refractory/repolarization > relative refractory/hyperpolarization > resting |
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Depolarization |
Na+ goes inside cell |
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Repolarization |
K+ leaves cell |
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Absolute refractory |
Axon is stimulated in depolarization/repolarization |
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Relative refractory |
Axon is stimulates during hyperpolarization |
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Hyperpolarization results in |
Efflux of K+ makes outside of cell more positive; or an efflux of CL- makes outside of cell more negative |
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Graded potentials |
Increase/decrease in axons membrane voltage |
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Do action potentials vary? |
No; action potentials are all the same |
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Prolonged stress/PTSD |
Destruction of hippocampus neurons > decreased ability to shut off cortisol secretion |
