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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the most significant factor that determines blood flow, and how is it calculated?
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Cerebral perfusion pressure=MAP-ICP
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Monro-Kellie doctrine
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There is an increase in ICP whenever there is an increase in the volume of brain, blood or CSF without any compensatory decrease in another compartment.
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What are normal ICP and CPP?
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Normal ICP is around 10. Normal CPP (Cerebral Perfusion Pressure) is between 70 and 90.
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Falx cerebri
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Separates the two cerebral hemispheres
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Tentorium cerebelli
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Separates the occipital lobes from the posterior fossa
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Cingulate herniation
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Supratentorial mass causes displacement of the medial structures under the falx cerebri to the other side.
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Most deadly herniation
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Tonsillar herniation
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Mild, severe, or moderate head injury, based on GCS
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Mild: 13-15; moderate: 9-12; severe: <8
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Do subdural or epidural hematomas have a worse prognosis?
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Subdural
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What is the difference between a contusion and an intracerebral hematoma?
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Intracerebral hematoma is greater than 1 cm.
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Where are most contusions located?
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Frontal and temporal lobes
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Grade I, II, and III concussion
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Grade I: confusion without amnesia, no LOC; Grade II: confusion with amnesia, no LOC; Grade III: LOC
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Diffuse axonal injury
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Deep coma with no apparent lesion in the brain. Thought to be due to inertial loading and shearing forces on the cranium.
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Triad for diffuse axonal injury
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Focal hemorrhagic lesions in the corpus callosum, dorsolateral brainstem, and axonal retraction balls on microscopy
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