Neuro Fns Lect #37

Front 1

Motor decisions and motivations arise from these two cortices and influence the premotor cortex?

Back 1

Association and Limbic Cortex

Front 2

This area plans and organizes movement and provides input to the primary motor control cortex?

Back 2

Premotor cortical Area

Front 3

Both the premotor and primary motor cortices project to and influence what two structures?

Back 3

Brainstem and Spinal Cord

Front 4

In the motor hierarchy pathway, the brainstem controls what aspects of motor movement and projects to the spinal cord?

Back 4

Postural and cranial reflexes

Front 5

What structure in the motor heirarchy controls limb and trunk reflexes AND simple motor patterns?

Back 5

Spinal Cord

Front 6

Output from the basal ganglia primarily influences the premotor areas through which 2 thalamic nuclei?

Back 6

VA and VL

Front 7

Through what structure does the basal ganglia and cerebellum influence motor cortex and descending pathway activity?

Back 7

Thalamus

Front 8

Monosynaptic pathways from Giant Betz cells in layer 5 of the primary motor cortex synapse where?

Back 8

Lamina 9 neurons in the spinal cord

Front 9

Polysynaptic pathways synapse where?

Back 9

Lamina 5-8 interneurons (which then synapse on Lam 9)

Front 10

Indirect pathways originating from the brainstem are usually (monosynaptic, polysynaptic) and synapse on (interneurons, motor neurons)?

Back 10

Polysynaptic; Interneurons

Front 11

Tracts in the (medial or lateral) locations primarily terminate on lamina 7,8 interneurons?

Back 11

Medial descending pathways

Front 12

Medial descending pathways innervate the motor neurons of (proximal and axial muscles; Limbs and Distal muscles)?

Back 12

Proximal and Axial Muscles

Front 13

Which descending pathway innervates limbs and distal muscles (medial or lateral)?

Back 13

Lateral

Front 14

What lobe of the brain is the primary motor cortex in?

Back 14

Frontal

Front 15

The lower extremity and genitalia are represented on the (medial or lateral) aspect of the precentral gyrus?

Back 15

Medial

Front 16

The motor cortex is organized into (muscle groups, movement components)?

Back 16

Movement components (each muscle can be represented in many combinations of movements)

Front 17

Lesions of the primary motor cortex result in what?

Back 17

UMN signs of the contralateral muscles

Front 18

This area is especially important in guiding movements triggered by external sensory cues, and when lesioned, impairs in performing tasks in response to sensory cues?

Back 18

Lateral Premotor Area

Front 19

Lesion of this area will result in a general reduction of voluntary movements and poverty of spontaneous speech?

Back 19

SMA (Supplementary motor area)

Front 20

This area guides movements initiated by internal guidance and that involve sequences, especially complex sequences?

Back 20

Supplementary Motor Area

Front 21

These areas can be found in the medial and lateral parts of the cytoarchitectonic area 6 respectively?

Back 21

SMA and LPA

Front 22

Stimulatign this area will produce conjugate eye movements to the opposite side?

Back 22

Frontal Eye Fields

Front 23

A lesion in the Left Frontal Eye Field will produce a patient with what clinical symptom

Back 23

Eyes are directed to the Left

Front 24

What is the pathway of the Frontal Eye Fields to the eyes?

Back 24

Frontal Eye Fields > Cont horizontal gaze center > Cont Abducens > Cont lateral rectus, Ips Medial rectus

Front 25

What are the two cell types that form the lateral corticospinal tract?

Back 25

Large pyramidal and Giant Betz Cells

Front 26

What area contains giant betz cells?

Back 26

Area 4

Front 27

Motor decisions and motivations arise from these two cortices and influence the premotor cortex?

Back 27

Association and Limbic Cortex

Front 28

This area plans and organizes movement and provides input to the primary motor control cortex?

Back 28

Premotor cortical Area

Front 29

Both the premotor and primary motor cortices project to and influence what two structures?

Back 29

Brainstem and Spinal Cord

Front 30

In the motor hierarchy pathway, the brainstem controls what aspects of motor movement and projects to the spinal cord?

Back 30

Postural and cranial reflexes

Front 31

What structure in the motor heirarchy controls limb and trunk reflexes AND simple motor patterns?

Back 31

Spinal Cord

Front 32

Output from the basal ganglia primarily influences the premotor areas through which 2 thalamic nuclei?

Back 32

VA and VL

Front 33

Through what structure does the basal ganglia and cerebellum influence motor cortex and descending pathway activity?

Back 33

Thalamus

Front 34

Monosynaptic pathways from Giant Betz cells in layer 5 of the primary motor cortex synapse where?

Back 34

Lamina 9 neurons in the spinal cord

Front 35

Polysynaptic pathways synapse where?

Back 35

Lamina 5-8 interneurons (which then synapse on Lam 9)

Front 36

Indirect pathways originating from the brainstem are usually (monosynaptic, polysynaptic) and synapse on (interneurons, motor neurons)?

Back 36

Polysynaptic; Interneurons

Front 37

Tracts in the (medial or lateral) locations primarily terminate on lamina 7,8 interneurons?

Back 37

Medial descending pathways

Front 38

Medial descending pathways innervate the motor neurons of (proximal and axial muscles; Limbs and Distal muscles)?

Back 38

Proximal and Axial Muscles

Front 39

Which descending pathway innervates limbs and distal muscles (medial or lateral)?

Back 39

Lateral

Front 40

What lobe of the brain is the primary motor cortex in?

Back 40

Frontal

Front 41

The lower extremity and genitalia are represented on the (medial or lateral) aspect of the precentral gyrus?

Back 41

Medial

Front 42

The motor cortex is organized into (muscle groups, movement components)?

Back 42

Movement components (each muscle can be represented in many combinations of movements)

Front 43

Lesions of the primary motor cortex result in what?

Back 43

UMN signs of the contralateral muscles

Front 44

This area is especially important in guiding movements triggered by external sensory cues, and when lesioned, impairs in performing tasks in response to sensory cues?

Back 44

Lateral Premotor Area

Front 45

Lesion of this area will result in a general reduction of voluntary movements and poverty of spontaneous speech?

Back 45

SMA (Supplementary motor area)

Front 46

This area guides movements initiated by internal guidance and that involve sequences, especially complex sequences?

Back 46

Supplementary Motor Area

Front 47

These areas can be found in the medial and lateral parts of the cytoarchitectonic area 6 respectively?

Back 47

SMA and LPA

Front 48

Stimulatign this area will produce conjugate eye movements to the opposite side?

Back 48

Frontal Eye Fields

Front 49

A lesion in the Left Frontal Eye Field will produce a patient with what clinical symptom

Back 49

Eyes are directed to the Left

Front 50

What is the pathway of the Frontal Eye Fields to the eyes?

Back 50

Frontal Eye Fields > Cont horizontal gaze center > Cont Abducens > Cont lateral rectus, Ips Medial rectus

Front 51

What are the two cell types that form the lateral corticospinal tract?

Back 51

Large pyramidal and Giant Betz Cells

Front 52

What area contains giant betz cells?

Back 52

Area 4