Neuro Fns Lect #35

Front 1

This is the part of the visual field seen by both eyes?

Back 1

Binocular zone

Front 2

This is the part of the visual field seen by only the ipsilateral eye?

Back 2

Monocular zone

Front 3

How many quadrants does each eye's visual field contain?

Back 3

4

Front 4

What reverses and inverts the projection of the visual field on the retina?

Back 4

Lens

Front 5

The superior half of the visual field is projected on the (superior half of the retina, inferiro half of the retina)?

Back 5

Inferiro half of the retina

Front 6

The Left half of the visual field is projected on the _____ (right or left) half of the right retina and the ______(right or left) half of the left retina?

Back 6

Right (temporal); Right (nasal)

Front 7

Where are the monocular crescents projected on ?

Back 7

Nasal retina of the ipsilateral eye (right retina of left eye; Left retina of right eye)

Front 8

Objects that lie to the left are projected to which cerebral hemisphere (right or left)?

Back 8

Right

Front 9

This is the sensory part of the eye, which develops from an outgrowth of the diencephalon and is part of the CNS?

Back 9

Retina

Front 10

What cells transmit the sensory signal from the rod and cones to the ganglion cells?

Back 10

Bipolar cells

Front 11

Where do the largest ganglion cells (M cells) predominate in (central retina or peripheral retina)?

Back 11

Peripheral retina

Front 12

Which cells respond to movement, orientation, or high contrast images (P cells or M cells)?

Back 12

M cells

Front 13

Which cells respond to fine detail or color coding (M cells or P cells)?

Back 13

P cells

Front 14

Where are smaller sized ganglion cells (P cells) found predominantly in (central retina or peripheral retina)?

Back 14

Central retina

Front 15

Like the rest of the CNS, the optic nerve is surrounded by what?

Back 15

Meninges

Front 16

Each optic nerve contains all of the axons of ganglion cells from the (contralateral, ipsilateral ) retina?

Back 16

Ipsilateral

Front 17

Where do the optic nerves converge?

Back 17

Optic Chiasm

Front 18

Fibers from the (temporal or Nasal) halves of each retina cross at the optic chiasm to the oppsite optic tract?

Back 18

Nasal

Front 19

Each optic tract contains fibers from the temporal retina of the (ipsilateral or contralateral) eye and the nasal retina of the (ipsilateral or contralateral) eye?

Back 19

Ipsilateral, Contralateral

Front 20

Each optic tract contains information from the (ipsilateral, contralateral ) hemifield?

Back 20

Contralateral

Front 21

The Major contigent of axons from the optic tract terminate where?

Back 21

LGB

Front 22

Where do fibers of the optic tract terminate (there are 4 places)?

Back 22

LGB, Superior Colliculus, Pretectal Area, Suprachiasmatic Hypothalamic Nucleus

Front 23

What does the pretectal area mediate?

Back 23

Pupillary light reflex

Front 24

Optic tract fibers terminating in the suprachiasmatic hypothalamic nucleus mediate what?

Back 24

Circadian Rhythms

Front 25

How many layers does the LGB have?

Back 25

6

Front 26

What are the two different ways for the 6 layers of the LGB (lateral geniculate Body) to be grouped?

Back 26

By ipsilateral vs Contralateral retinal input ; By M-Cell or P-Cell input

Front 27

Ganglion cell axons that arise from the ipsilateral eye terminate onto which layers of the LGB?

Back 27

2,3,5 (2+3 = 5)

Front 28

Ganglion cell axons from the contralateral eye go to which layers of the LGB?

Back 28

1,4,6 (1+ 4 NOT = 6)

Front 29

Each layer of the LGB recieves input from (one eye, both eyes)?

Back 29

One eye

Front 30

Which layers of the LGB are Magnocellular?

Back 30

1 and 2

Front 31

Which layers of the LGB are Parvocellular?

Back 31

3,4,5,6

Front 32

Axons of P cells of the retina terminate in layers (1-2; 3-6)?

Back 32

6-Mar

Front 33

What is the name of the tract that goes from the LGB to the ipsilateral primary visual cortex?

Back 33

Optic radiations or Geniculocalcarine Tract

Front 34

Where is the primary visual cortex located?

Back 34

Upper and lower banks of the calcarine sulcus in the occipital lobe

Front 35

Optic radiations are subdivided into two main bundles, how are they divided?

Back 35

Lower quadrant of contralateral visual hemifield; Upper quadrant of contralateral Visual Hemifield

Front 36

Optic radiations carrying fiber from the lower quadrant of the contralateral visual hemifield originate in the (dorsomedial portion, ventrolateral portion ) of the LGB?

Back 36

Dorsomedial

Front 37

Which optic radiations (upper Quad; Lower Quad) synapse on the superior bank of the calcarine sulcus?

Back 37

Lower Quad

Front 38

Optic radiations carrying (upper quad; lower quad) information from the contralateral visual hemifield cannot pass directly to the primary visual cortex and needs form the meyers loop?

Back 38

Upper Quad information

Front 39

Where in the LGB do fibers originate from that convey information from the macula (and fovea)?

Back 39

Central regions

Front 40

A lesion of the entire optic radiation in one cortical hemisphere will give rise to what?

Back 40

Contralateral Homonymous Hemianopsia

Front 41

This is located on the medial aspect of the occipital lobe primarily on the bankls of the calcarine sulcus?

Back 41

Primary visual cortex (Area 17)

Front 42

The six layered cortex of the primary visual cortex has a wide layer of additional myelinated fibers which gives it a triated appearance. Which layer is it?

Back 42

Layer 4

Front 43

Which layer of the primary visual cortex is the main target of LGB neurons?

Back 43

Layer 4

Front 44

Complete blindness of the right eye can be caused by a lesion where?

Back 44

Right optic nerve

Front 45

Heteronymous Hemianopsia is caused by a lesion where?

Back 45

Optic Chiasm

Front 46

"tunnel vision" is often a term for what kind of defecit?

Back 46

Heteronymous Hemianopsia

Front 47

Loss of the Left visual hemifield is likely a result of what kind of lesion?

Back 47

Right Optic Tract

Front 48

What is the term used for loss of contralateral visual hemifield?

Back 48

Homonymous hemianopsia

Front 49

Axons found in the meyers loop carry information from the (inferior or superior ) visual field?

Back 49

Superior

Front 50

A lesion of the right optic radiation at meyer's loop will affect?

Back 50

Left upper quadrant (quadrantanopsia)

Front 51

Destruction of which gyrus will also produce superior quadrantanopsia?

Back 51

Lingual Gyrus

Front 52

A lesion of the left optic radiation will produce?

Back 52

Right homonymous hemianopsia