Neuro Final Review Questiosn

Front 1

What is an uncal herniation?

Back 1

clinical triad of "blown" pupil, hemiplegia and coma

Front 2

what are signs of elevated intracranial pressure?

Back 2

papilledema and nausea and vomiting

Front 3

what are the 2 lateral motor systems?

Back 3

lateral corticospinal tract and the rubrospinal tract

Front 4

what are the medial motor systems?

Back 4

Anterior corticospinal tract - bilateral axial and girldle muscles
Vestibulospinal tracts - medial = positioning of head and neck. lateral = balance
Reticulospinal tract - automatic posture and gait-related movements
tectospinal tract - coordination of head and eye movement

Front 5

where in the internal capsule are the corticospinal tract, corticobulbar tract and ALS

Back 5

corticospinal and ALS is in the posterior limb

corticobulbar is in the genu

Front 6

Somatosensory somatotopy?

Back 6

Face - Arms - Trunk- Leg ( always most lateral)

Front 7

what are the associated CN with the PS system? BONUS sacral?

Back 7

CN III = constrict pupil
CN VII = stimulates salivation and lacrimation
CN IX = stimulates salivation
CN X = constricts airway, slows heartbeat, stimulates digestion, stimulates gall bladder to release bile, Dilates blood vessels in intestines
Sacral = dilates bv in intestines, stimulates urinary bladder to contract, stimulates penile erection

Front 8

Horners syndrome?

Triad?

Back 8

Superior cervical ganglion

Ptosis, miosis (constricted pupil, cant dialate), anhidrosis

Front 9

oculomotor palsy

Back 9

lesion of the efferent parasympathetic pathway from the Edinger-Westphal nucleus to the pupillary constrictor muscle IMPAIRED PUPILLARY CONSTRICTION (DIALATED PUPIL) "BLOWN PUPIL"

Front 10

both pupils are small but reactive to light

Back 10

pontine pupils

large bilateral lesions of the pons

Front 11

what passes through the cavernous sinus?

Back 11

CN III, IV, VI and internal carotid

and V1 !! and V2 at the bottom.

Front 12

Idiopathic Parkinson's disease

Back 12

bradykinesia and rigidity, gradual asymmetrical development, resting tremor, responsive to treatment with L-dopa; degeneration of substantia nigra pars compacta

Front 13

bradykinesia and rigidity; relatively symmetrical development, no resting tremor, generally not responsive to treatment with L-dopa; degeneration of SNc and striatum

Back 13

Parkinsonism

Front 14

bradykinesia and rigidity, gradual asymmetrical development, resting tremor, responsive to treatment with L-dopa; degeneration of substantia nigra pars compacta

Back 14

idiopathic Parkinson's Disease

Front 15

hyperkinetic disorder with degeneration of striatum with symptoms reflecting damage to all 4 channels through the basal ganglia

Back 15

Huntington's disease

Front 16

hyperkinetic disorder with unilateral flinging and flapping of contralateral extremity due to damage to the subthlamic nucleus

Back 16

Hemiballismus

Front 17

If a pt presents with a sudden pure cerebellar dysfunction, they most likely have a lesion where?

Back 17

lesion of the SCA

Front 18

If they can't supress VOR (vestibulo-ocular reflex) then what is it?

Back 18

lesion of the flocculus

Front 19

bilateral damage to amygdala; placid behavior and hypersexuality

Back 19

Kluver-Bucy syndrome

Front 20

bilateral necrosis of the mammillary bodies due to thiamine deficiency usually secondary to poor nutrition due to alchoholism; ANTEROGRADE amnesia and a tendancy to confabulate

Back 20

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

Front 21

lesion above the midbrain

Back 21

decordicate posturing

Front 22

lesion below the midbrain

Back 22

decerebrate posturing