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404 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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b) The optic chiasm
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e) V
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c) III
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b) A CT scan
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e) The internal capsule
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d) Pia mater
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d) Pia mater
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e) The caudate nucleus
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a) The trochlear nucleus
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a) Dorsal root ganglion cells
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d) Retina
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d) Neither spina bifida nor anencephaly
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b) Anencephaly
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e) The globus pallidus
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c) The thalamus
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c) A growth cone
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c) Apoptosis
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a) activation of voltage gated ion channels
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d) accumulation of K+ outside the cells
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e) -70 mV
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e) -70 mV
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17. Individual axons in a typical peripheral nerve…(Choose ONE
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see option ‘e’)
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e) none of the above is true
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c) can be myelinated or unmyelinated
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b) depolarization of the inactive region
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c) describes how the end plate potential spreads along the muscle fiber
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e) The subthalamic nucleus
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a) The dorsal nucleus of Clarke
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d) Is found only on GABAergic neurons.
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b) Is an example of a ligand/transmitter gated ion channel
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e) The nucleus accumbens
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b) The thalamus
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a) Exciting projection neurons in the thalamus via nicotinic receptors
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c) The patient would be less sensitive to or aware of sensory stimuli of all
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e) Peduncle
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c) Commisure
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e) Lateral corticospinal tract
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b) Dorsospinocerebellar tract
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b) innervate finger tips in greater numbers per unit area than the arm
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28. The dorsal columns…(Choose ONE
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see option ‘e’)
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e) None of the above is true
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e) None of the above is true
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a) receives input from the medial lemniscus and trigeminal lemniscus
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e) receives major input from the thalamus that terminates in layer II
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b) is organized as a series of columns perpendicular to the cortical surface,
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31. The somatosensory map on the cortex …(Choose ONE
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see option ‘e’)
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e) none of the above is true
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b) can be altered by repetitive activity
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e) conduct impulses much more rapidly than low-threshold mechanoreceptors.
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d) can be sensitized in response to inflammation of the skin overlapping
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33. Second pain /first pain…(Choose ONE
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see option ‘e’)
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e) None of the above is true
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c) Inhibited by opiates/not inhibited by opiates
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e) Brown-Sequard Syndrome
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a) allodynia
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35. Peripheral sensitization is associated with …(Choose ONE
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see option ‘e’)
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e) all of the above are true
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e) does not require activity of second messengers in spinal neurons.
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a) Requires the release of peptides from nociceptive afferents
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e) All of the above statements are true.
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e) All of the above statements are true.
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a) The apex of the basilar membrane vibrates most strongly for high
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d) The first place in the brain with binaural sound inputs is the inferior
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a) Sound localization in vertical plane requires binaural inputs.
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e) All of the above are true.
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c) The receptive fields of lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) neurons respond
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e) All of the above are true.
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d) M type retinal ganglion cells have the smallest receptive fields.
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put a CONVEX lens in front of the eye to improve the vision.
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e) Your analysis shows that light comes to focus BEHIND the retina. You
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e) All of the above are true.
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b) Glutamate released by photoreceptors EXCITES ON bipolar neurons.
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c) Dichromats have normal color vision.
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d) A stroke in the anterior cerebral artery
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b) The patient has some loss of pain perception on one side of the face.
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b) Sour
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e) All of the above are true.
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a) Electrical stimulation of the LEFT primary motor cortex evokes
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c) An initial spastic paralysis of the RIGHT side of the body.
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c) carry out oxidative metabolism of glucose
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a) those with large/long contraction time to those with small/short
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53. Tapping the patellar tendon… (Choose ONE
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see option ‘e’)
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e) (c) and (d) are true
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c) elicits a larger stretch reflex response when stretched rapidly than when
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b) the H- response decreases as the M- response increases
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e) muscle spindles
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e) muscle spindles
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56. Gamma motoneurons…(Choose ONE
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see option ‘e’)
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e) none of the above is true
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e) All of the above are true.
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d) The subthalamic nucleus (STN) inhibits globus pallidus internal (GPi)
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e) All of the above are true.
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a) Dopamine excites medium spiny neurons in the INDIRECT pathway via
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d) A PET scan to identify dopamine in the striatum reveals a loss of
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e) All symptoms are consistent.
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d) Dysmetria in the left arm and/or leg
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e) Stellate cells
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d) Granule cells
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b) The interposed nucleus
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d) Vision is normal during saccadic eye movements.
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a) A stroke damaged the floccular-nodular lobe of the cerebellum.
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e) Abnormal affect
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e) Abnormal affect
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a) Show improvement with practice on a motor skill such as mirror
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c) Vasopressin
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d) Suprachiasmatic nucleus
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a) Anterior nucleus of the thalamus
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74. Contusion injury to the spinal cord results in…(Choose ONE
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see option ‘e’)
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e) all of the above are true
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a) reduced interference pattern with maximal exertion
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e) The medial olivary nucleus
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b) The accessory cuneate nucleus
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e) The anterior corticospinal tracts
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a) The dorsal columns
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a) Symptoms of an upper motor neuron disorder affecting both legs
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e) The anterior spinal artery.
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80. A patient with a spinal cord hemisection has a full Brown-Sequard syndrome
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among
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c) Upper motor neuron disorder for the left arm
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lower motor neuron disorder
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d) No motor deficit for the left arm
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upper motor neuron deficit for the left
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e) No motor deficit for the left arm
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lower motor neuron deficit for the left leg
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a. Axon conductance in a nerve such as the pudendal nerve will be slower
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e. The cerebellum
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a. The first order neurons of the dorsal column system and the glial cells that
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c. The retina
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e. Long term memory
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d. Motor control
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b. The tract of Lissauer
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e. hyperpolarize the cell/ have no effect on the cell.
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c. depolarize the cell/ depolarize the cell.
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e. Action potentials would not be seen in this person.
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e. Action potentials would not be seen in this person.
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e. neither
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threshold for activation is the same in all PNS axons.
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e. ventral gray ramus.
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d. filum terminale.
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e. choroid plexus.
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d. arachnoid granulations.
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e. is part of the uncus.
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b. is made up of dura mater.
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c. The third ventricle
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e. GABA
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c. Serotonin
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d. GABA-A and GABA-B receptors.e. serotonin 1A and 1B receptors.
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c. nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.
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e. melanin
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e. melanin
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17. Substantia nigra, pars compacta and the VTA.
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B
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18. Thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) and Purkinje cells of the cerebellum.
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A
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19. Neurons of the facial nucleus whose axons travel in the facial nerve.
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E
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e. All of the above are true.
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c. Slowly adapting receptors only respond to stimuli that are maintained
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have no effect on sensation in the LEFT leg
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b. The person will have reduced touch sensitivity on the LEFT leg and
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the forehead intact.
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a. impair touch sensation somewhere on the body but leave pain perception
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e. All of the above are true.
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a. The homunculus of primary somatosensory cortex is organized such that
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e. spinal nucleus of V.
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b. main sensory, principal or chief nucleus of V.
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e. All of the above are true.
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c. Nociceptors terminate in the substantia gelatinosa and other layers of the
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e. All of the above are true.
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b. Stimulation of the periaqueductal gray (PAG) increases the activity of
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e. All of the above are true.
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e. A lesion in the region of the inferotemporal cortex.
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c. Presybyopia.
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e. None of the above is true.
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e. None of the above is true.
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e. All of the above are true.
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b. Glutamate released by a photoreceptor excites ON bipolar cells.
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c. Tumor affecting the RIGHT optic tract
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e. All of the above are true.
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a. The receptive fields of all neurons in primary visual cortex have center-surround
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e. All of the above are true.
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a. Area MT (also known as area V5) mainly processes color vision.
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e. All of the above are true.
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a. The apex of the basilar membrane vibrates best for high frequency
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e. A lesion of the LEFT medial geniculate nucleus (MGN)
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d. A lesion of the LEFT cochlear nucleus.
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e. All of the above are true.
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b. Localizing sounds in the vertical plane requires both ears.
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e. All of the above are true.
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e. All of the above are true.
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e. anterior/ cingulate cortex.
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d. VPm/ insular cortex.
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d. Cranial nerve VII (facial nerve)
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e. All of the above are true.
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c. Neurons in primary motor cortex do not respond to somatosensory
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e. None of the above is true.
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e. Reticulospinal tract
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a. Lateral corticospinal tract
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c. decussation of the pyramidal tract.
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c. indeterminate
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a. 1
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e. None of the above is true.
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c. motor units producing small force output are recruited before those
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e. enhance the ankle stretch reflex.
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e. enhance the ankle stretch reflex.
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e. None of the above is true.
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e. None of the above is true.
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e. left lumbar dorsal roots
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e. All of the above are true.
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a. The globus pallidus internal is a component of the neostriatum/striatum.
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b. Dopamine inhibits medium spiny neurons in the DIRECT pathway and
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e. None of the above is true.
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d. A lesion of the LEFT subthalamic nucleus.
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e. All of the above are true.
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d. Intention tremor accompanies Parkinson’s disease.
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e. None of the above is true.
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b. The person has a lesion of the LEFT VIIIth nerve.
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e. All of the above are true.
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c. Hair cells in the horizontal semicircular canal continuously respond to
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e. None of the above is true.
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d. Bilateral lesion of the medial longitudinal fasiculus between the VIth and
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e. All of the above are true.
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e. All of the above are true.
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e. All of the above are true.
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d. Lesions of the frontal eye fields permanently eliminate saccadic eye
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e. Stellate cells
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a. Granule cells
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62. Problems with balance.
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A
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61. Abnormalities in gait and locomotion.
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B
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60. Intention tremor, dysmetria and disdiadochokinesis.
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C
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e. The suprachiasmatic nucleus
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c. The paraventricular nucleus
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e. the cerebrocerebellum.
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a. certain circumventricular regions/organs of the brain.
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a. Contraction of the detrussor muscle.
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e. The posterior spinal artery
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d. The anterior inferior cerebellar artery
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c. sympathetic
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e. uncinate fasciculus.
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a. fornix.
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b. the Kluver-Bucy syndrome.
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c. Inability to recognize the doctor who attempted to treat him or her for the
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e. Superior cerebellar artery
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d. Posterior cerebral artery
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e. The superior longitudinal fasciculus
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e. The amygdala
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d. The hippocampus
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e. Right occipital lobe cortex
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c. Right posterior partietal cortex
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e. A patient that shows intention tremor in the left arm
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c. A patient with damage like that sustained by Phineas Gage
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ceruleus.
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A
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neurons.
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B
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permit some regeneration of the peripheral nerve.
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d. refer the patient to a skilled surgeon to sew the ends of the nerve together
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a. motor units have become larger than normal
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e. None of the above are correct explanations
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e. None of the above are correct explanations
|
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E. Projection Neuron
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A. Scwhann cell
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E. Lemniscus
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C. Commisure
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B. brain that has been myelin-stained
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A. fresh brain
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D. A T2-weighted MRI
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B. A CT scan
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E. All of the above are true.
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B. The threshold for producing an action potential is the level of depolarization when K+
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E. All of the above are true.
|
E. All of the above are true.
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C. The neurotransmitter diffuses into the postsynaptic neuron through the channels
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A. Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease in which the body develops antibodies to
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B. Substantia nigra pars compacta
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dopamine
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E. Parasympathetic postganglionic neurons: acetylcholine
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C. Locus ceruleus: acetylcholine
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E. None of the above.
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E. None of the above.
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E. Glycine in the adult spinal cord
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A. Acetylcholine in the thalamus
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E. Retinal ganglion cells
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C. Schwann cells
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E. Hypothalamus
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A. Pons
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D. Axon conductance would be faster than normal/usual in the facial nerve
|
A. The person would have more neurons than normal/usual in the spinal nucleus of the
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E. Abnormally low levels of retinoic acid
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E. Abnormally low levels of retinoic acid
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E. The ventral roots
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C. The pia mater
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E. Cerebral peduncle
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B. Falx cerebri
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A. Enlargement of the third ventricle
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E. The myelencephalon.
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C. The mesencephalon
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E. Anterior communicating artery
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B. Anterior spinal artery
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B. Posterior cerebral artery
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E. Circumventricular organs
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E. Circumventricular organs
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E. Taste cells
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B. Auditory hair cells
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E. The accessory cuneate nucleus
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A. An intermediate horn
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E. The central canal (ventricular space)
|
C. The dorsospinocerebellar tract
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E. Severing of the anterior corticospinal tract
|
C. Severing of the ventral spinal commisure
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E. An AMPA glutamate receptor antagonist
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C. A nicotinic cholinergic agonist
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E. The globus pallidus
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A. The thalamus
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E. The globus pallidus and cortical regions in the contralateral hemisphere
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A. The thalamus and the claustrum
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E. The portion of cortex where a lesion will impair olfactory perception
|
E. The portion of cortex where a lesion will impair olfactory perception
|
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E. All of the above are true.
|
D. A rapidly adapting cutaneous receptor responds strongly to skin indentation andcontinues to discharge steadily as long as skin indentation is maintained.
|
|
|
E. All of the above are true.
|
A. Nociception and temperature afferents terminate in the ipsilateral ventral horn of the
|
|
|
E. All of the above are true.
|
B. Nociceptive afferents only terminate in the substantia gelatinosa, Rexed layer II.
|
|
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E. All of the above are true.
|
C. All the neurons in a column in somatosensory cortex respond to same region of the
|
|
|
|
b) The optic chiasm
|
|
|
e) V
|
c) III
|
|
|
|
b) A CT scan
|
|
|
|
e) The internal capsule
|
|
|
d) Pia mater
|
d) Pia mater
|
|
|
e) The caudate nucleus
|
a) The trochlear nucleus
|
|
|
|
a) Dorsal root ganglion cells
|
|
|
|
d) Retina
|
|
|
d) Neither spina bifida nor anencephaly
|
b) Anencephaly
|
|
|
e) The globus pallidus
|
c) The thalamus
|
|
|
|
c) A growth cone
|
|
|
|
c) Apoptosis
|
|
|
|
a) activation of voltage gated ion channels
|
|
|
|
d) accumulation of K+ outside the cells
|
|
|
e) -70 mV
|
e) -70 mV
|
|
|
17. Individual axons in a typical peripheral nerve…(Choose ONE
|
see option ‘e’)
|
|
|
e) none of the above is true
|
c) can be myelinated or unmyelinated
|
|
|
|
b) depolarization of the inactive region
|
|
|
|
c) describes how the end plate potential spreads along the muscle fiber
|
|
|
e) The subthalamic nucleus
|
a) The dorsal nucleus of Clarke
|
|
|
d) Is found only on GABAergic neurons.
|
b) Is an example of a ligand/transmitter gated ion channel
|
|
|
e) The nucleus accumbens
|
b) The thalamus
|
|
|
|
a) Exciting projection neurons in the thalamus via nicotinic receptors
|
|
|
|
c) The patient would be less sensitive to or aware of sensory stimuli of all
|
|
|
e) Peduncle
|
c) Commisure
|
|
|
e) Lateral corticospinal tract
|
b) Dorsospinocerebellar tract
|
|
|
|
b) innervate finger tips in greater numbers per unit area than the arm
|
|
|
28. The dorsal columns…(Choose ONE
|
see option ‘e’)
|
|
|
e) None of the above is true
|
e) None of the above is true
|
|
|
|
a) receives input from the medial lemniscus and trigeminal lemniscus
|
|
|
e) receives major input from the thalamus that terminates in layer II
|
b) is organized as a series of columns perpendicular to the cortical surface,
|
|
|
31. The somatosensory map on the cortex …(Choose ONE
|
see option ‘e’)
|
|
|
e) none of the above is true
|
b) can be altered by repetitive activity
|
|
|
e) conduct impulses much more rapidly than low-threshold mechanoreceptors.
|
d) can be sensitized in response to inflammation of the skin overlapping
|
|
|
33. Second pain /first pain…(Choose ONE
|
see option ‘e’)
|
|
|
e) None of the above is true
|
c) Inhibited by opiates/not inhibited by opiates
|
|
|
e) Brown-Sequard Syndrome
|
a) allodynia
|
|
|
35. Peripheral sensitization is associated with …(Choose ONE
|
see option ‘e’)
|
|
|
|
e) all of the above are true
|
|
|
e) does not require activity of second messengers in spinal neurons.
|
a) Requires the release of peptides from nociceptive afferents
|
|
|
e) All of the above statements are true.
|
e) All of the above statements are true.
|
|
|
|
a) The apex of the basilar membrane vibrates most strongly for high
|
|
|
|
d) The first place in the brain with binaural sound inputs is the inferior
|
|
|
|
a) Sound localization in vertical plane requires binaural inputs.
|
|
|
e) All of the above are true.
|
c) The receptive fields of lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) neurons respond
|
|
|
e) All of the above are true.
|
d) M type retinal ganglion cells have the smallest receptive fields.
|
|
|
put a CONVEX lens in front of the eye to improve the vision.
|
e) Your analysis shows that light comes to focus BEHIND the retina. You
|
|
|
e) All of the above are true.
|
b) Glutamate released by photoreceptors EXCITES ON bipolar neurons.
|
|
|
|
c) Dichromats have normal color vision.
|
|
|
|
d) A stroke in the anterior cerebral artery
|
|
|
|
b) The patient has some loss of pain perception on one side of the face.
|
|
|
|
b) Sour
|
|
|
e) All of the above are true.
|
a) Electrical stimulation of the LEFT primary motor cortex evokes
|
|
|
|
c) An initial spastic paralysis of the RIGHT side of the body.
|
|
|
|
c) carry out oxidative metabolism of glucose
|
|
|
|
a) those with large/long contraction time to those with small/short
|
|
|
53. Tapping the patellar tendon… (Choose ONE
|
see option ‘e’)
|
|
|
e) (c) and (d) are true
|
c) elicits a larger stretch reflex response when stretched rapidly than when
|
|
|
|
b) the H- response decreases as the M- response increases
|
|
|
e) muscle spindles
|
e) muscle spindles
|
|
|
56. Gamma motoneurons…(Choose ONE
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see option ‘e’)
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e) none of the above is true
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e) All of the above are true.
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d) The subthalamic nucleus (STN) inhibits globus pallidus internal (GPi)
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e) All of the above are true.
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a) Dopamine excites medium spiny neurons in the INDIRECT pathway via
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d) A PET scan to identify dopamine in the striatum reveals a loss of
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e) All symptoms are consistent.
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d) Dysmetria in the left arm and/or leg
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e) Stellate cells
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d) Granule cells
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b) The interposed nucleus
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d) Vision is normal during saccadic eye movements.
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a) A stroke damaged the floccular-nodular lobe of the cerebellum.
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e) Abnormal affect
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e) Abnormal affect
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a) Show improvement with practice on a motor skill such as mirror
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c) Vasopressin
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d) Suprachiasmatic nucleus
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a) Anterior nucleus of the thalamus
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74. Contusion injury to the spinal cord results in…(Choose ONE
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see option ‘e’)
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e) all of the above are true
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a) reduced interference pattern with maximal exertion
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e) The medial olivary nucleus
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b) The accessory cuneate nucleus
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e) The anterior corticospinal tracts
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a) The dorsal columns
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a) Symptoms of an upper motor neuron disorder affecting both legs
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e) The anterior spinal artery.
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80. A patient with a spinal cord hemisection has a full Brown-Sequard syndrome
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among
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c) Upper motor neuron disorder for the left arm
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lower motor neuron disorder
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d) No motor deficit for the left arm
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upper motor neuron deficit for the left
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e) No motor deficit for the left arm
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lower motor neuron deficit for the left leg
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a. Axon conductance in a nerve such as the pudendal nerve will be slower
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e. The cerebellum
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a. The first order neurons of the dorsal column system and the glial cells that
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c. The retina
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e. Long term memory
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d. Motor control
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b. The tract of Lissauer
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e. hyperpolarize the cell/ have no effect on the cell.
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c. depolarize the cell/ depolarize the cell.
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e. Action potentials would not be seen in this person.
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e. Action potentials would not be seen in this person.
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e. neither
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threshold for activation is the same in all PNS axons.
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e. ventral gray ramus.
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d. filum terminale.
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e. choroid plexus.
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d. arachnoid granulations.
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e. is part of the uncus.
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b. is made up of dura mater.
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c. The third ventricle
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e. GABA
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c. Serotonin
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d. GABA-A and GABA-B receptors.e. serotonin 1A and 1B receptors.
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c. nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.
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e. melanin
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e. melanin
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17. Substantia nigra, pars compacta and the VTA.
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B
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18. Thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) and Purkinje cells of the cerebellum.
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A
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19. Neurons of the facial nucleus whose axons travel in the facial nerve.
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E
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e. All of the above are true.
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c. Slowly adapting receptors only respond to stimuli that are maintained
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have no effect on sensation in the LEFT leg
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b. The person will have reduced touch sensitivity on the LEFT leg and
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the forehead intact.
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a. impair touch sensation somewhere on the body but leave pain perception
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e. All of the above are true.
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a. The homunculus of primary somatosensory cortex is organized such that
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e. spinal nucleus of V.
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b. main sensory, principal or chief nucleus of V.
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e. All of the above are true.
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c. Nociceptors terminate in the substantia gelatinosa and other layers of the
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e. All of the above are true.
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b. Stimulation of the periaqueductal gray (PAG) increases the activity of
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e. All of the above are true.
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e. A lesion in the region of the inferotemporal cortex.
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c. Presybyopia.
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e. None of the above is true.
|
e. None of the above is true.
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e. All of the above are true.
|
b. Glutamate released by a photoreceptor excites ON bipolar cells.
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c. Tumor affecting the RIGHT optic tract
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|
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e. All of the above are true.
|
a. The receptive fields of all neurons in primary visual cortex have center-surround
|
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e. All of the above are true.
|
a. Area MT (also known as area V5) mainly processes color vision.
|
|
|
e. All of the above are true.
|
a. The apex of the basilar membrane vibrates best for high frequency
|
|
|
e. A lesion of the LEFT medial geniculate nucleus (MGN)
|
d. A lesion of the LEFT cochlear nucleus.
|
|
|
e. All of the above are true.
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b. Localizing sounds in the vertical plane requires both ears.
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|
|
e. All of the above are true.
|
e. All of the above are true.
|
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e. anterior/ cingulate cortex.
|
d. VPm/ insular cortex.
|
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|
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d. Cranial nerve VII (facial nerve)
|
|
|
e. All of the above are true.
|
c. Neurons in primary motor cortex do not respond to somatosensory
|
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e. None of the above is true.
|
|
|
e. Reticulospinal tract
|
a. Lateral corticospinal tract
|
|
|
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c. decussation of the pyramidal tract.
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|
|
c. indeterminate
|
a. 1
|
|
|
e. None of the above is true.
|
c. motor units producing small force output are recruited before those
|
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e. enhance the ankle stretch reflex.
|
e. enhance the ankle stretch reflex.
|
|
|
e. None of the above is true.
|
e. None of the above is true.
|
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|
|
e. left lumbar dorsal roots
|
|
|
e. All of the above are true.
|
a. The globus pallidus internal is a component of the neostriatum/striatum.
|
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|
|
b. Dopamine inhibits medium spiny neurons in the DIRECT pathway and
|
|
|
e. None of the above is true.
|
d. A lesion of the LEFT subthalamic nucleus.
|
|
|
e. All of the above are true.
|
d. Intention tremor accompanies Parkinson’s disease.
|
|
|
e. None of the above is true.
|
b. The person has a lesion of the LEFT VIIIth nerve.
|
|
|
e. All of the above are true.
|
c. Hair cells in the horizontal semicircular canal continuously respond to
|
|
|
e. None of the above is true.
|
d. Bilateral lesion of the medial longitudinal fasiculus between the VIth and
|
|
|
e. All of the above are true.
|
e. All of the above are true.
|
|
|
|
e. All of the above are true.
|
|
|
|
d. Lesions of the frontal eye fields permanently eliminate saccadic eye
|
|
|
e. Stellate cells
|
a. Granule cells
|
|
|
62. Problems with balance.
|
A
|
|
|
61. Abnormalities in gait and locomotion.
|
B
|
|
|
60. Intention tremor, dysmetria and disdiadochokinesis.
|
C
|
|
|
e. The suprachiasmatic nucleus
|
c. The paraventricular nucleus
|
|
|
e. the cerebrocerebellum.
|
a. certain circumventricular regions/organs of the brain.
|
|
|
|
a. Contraction of the detrussor muscle.
|
|
|
e. The posterior spinal artery
|
d. The anterior inferior cerebellar artery
|
|
|
|
c. sympathetic
|
|
|
e. uncinate fasciculus.
|
a. fornix.
|
|
|
|
b. the Kluver-Bucy syndrome.
|
|
|
|
c. Inability to recognize the doctor who attempted to treat him or her for the
|
|
|
e. Superior cerebellar artery
|
d. Posterior cerebral artery
|
|
|
|
e. The superior longitudinal fasciculus
|
|
|
e. The amygdala
|
d. The hippocampus
|
|
|
e. Right occipital lobe cortex
|
c. Right posterior partietal cortex
|
|
|
e. A patient that shows intention tremor in the left arm
|
c. A patient with damage like that sustained by Phineas Gage
|
|
|
ceruleus.
|
A
|
|
|
neurons.
|
B
|
|
|
permit some regeneration of the peripheral nerve.
|
d. refer the patient to a skilled surgeon to sew the ends of the nerve together
|
|
|
|
a. motor units have become larger than normal
|
|
|
e. None of the above are correct explanations
|
e. None of the above are correct explanations
|
|
|
E. Projection Neuron
|
A. Scwhann cell
|
|
|
E. Lemniscus
|
C. Commisure
|
|
|
B. brain that has been myelin-stained
|
A. fresh brain
|
|
|
D. A T2-weighted MRI
|
B. A CT scan
|
|
|
E. All of the above are true.
|
B. The threshold for producing an action potential is the level of depolarization when K+
|
|
|
E. All of the above are true.
|
E. All of the above are true.
|
|
|
|
C. The neurotransmitter diffuses into the postsynaptic neuron through the channels
|
|
|
|
A. Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease in which the body develops antibodies to
|
|
|
B. Substantia nigra pars compacta
|
dopamine
|
|
|
E. Parasympathetic postganglionic neurons: acetylcholine
|
C. Locus ceruleus: acetylcholine
|
|
|
E. None of the above.
|
E. None of the above.
|
|
|
E. Glycine in the adult spinal cord
|
A. Acetylcholine in the thalamus
|
|
|
E. Retinal ganglion cells
|
C. Schwann cells
|
|
|
E. Hypothalamus
|
A. Pons
|
|
|
D. Axon conductance would be faster than normal/usual in the facial nerve
|
A. The person would have more neurons than normal/usual in the spinal nucleus of the
|
|
|
E. Abnormally low levels of retinoic acid
|
E. Abnormally low levels of retinoic acid
|
|
|
E. The ventral roots
|
C. The pia mater
|
|
|
E. Cerebral peduncle
|
B. Falx cerebri
|
|
|
|
A. Enlargement of the third ventricle
|
|
|
E. The myelencephalon.
|
C. The mesencephalon
|
|
|
E. Anterior communicating artery
|
B. Anterior spinal artery
|
|
|
|
B. Posterior cerebral artery
|
|
|
E. Circumventricular organs
|
E. Circumventricular organs
|
|
|
E. Taste cells
|
B. Auditory hair cells
|
|
|
E. The accessory cuneate nucleus
|
A. An intermediate horn
|
|
|
E. The central canal (ventricular space)
|
C. The dorsospinocerebellar tract
|
|
|
E. Severing of the anterior corticospinal tract
|
C. Severing of the ventral spinal commisure
|
|
|
E. An AMPA glutamate receptor antagonist
|
C. A nicotinic cholinergic agonist
|
|
|
E. The globus pallidus
|
A. The thalamus
|
|
|
E. The globus pallidus and cortical regions in the contralateral hemisphere
|
A. The thalamus and the claustrum
|
|
|
E. The portion of cortex where a lesion will impair olfactory perception
|
E. The portion of cortex where a lesion will impair olfactory perception
|
|
|
E. All of the above are true.
|
D. A rapidly adapting cutaneous receptor responds strongly to skin indentation andcontinues to discharge steadily as long as skin indentation is maintained.
|
|
|
E. All of the above are true.
|
A. Nociception and temperature afferents terminate in the ipsilateral ventral horn of the
|
|
|
E. All of the above are true.
|
B. Nociceptive afferents only terminate in the substantia gelatinosa, Rexed layer II.
|
|
|
E. All of the above are true.
|
C. All the neurons in a column in somatosensory cortex respond to same region of the
|
