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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The therapeutic use of ephedrine includes:
a. anti-epileotic agent b. anti-Alzheimer's agent c. anti-anxiety agent d. anti-asthmatic and decongestion agent e. anti-depressive agent |
d. anti-asthmatic and decongestion agent
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The therapeutic use of amphetamine includes the following, except one. Which is the exception?
a. treating ADHD b. treating narcolepsy c. treating obesity d. treating bronchial disorders such as asthma and decongestion e. treating OCD |
c. treating obesity
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the molecular action of amphetamine at the synapse is:
a. reversing the dopamine transporter (and/or norephinephrine transporter) b. binding as an agonist of dopamine post-synaptic receptor c. binding as an antagonist of dopamine post-synaptic receptor d. blocking the dopamine autoreceptor e. increasing the vesicular release of dopamine |
e. increasing the vesicular release of dopamine
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The exchange-diffusion model of amphetamine suggests that the action of amphetamine at the synapse is produced by:
a. exchanging amphetamine into the presynaptic neuron and dopamine out by reversing the transporter's pumping direction into inside out b. facilitating vesicular release of dopamine c. blocking the dopamine receptor at the post-synaptic neuron d. blocking the dopamine autoreceptors e. blocking the enzymatic breakdown of dopamine |
a. exchanging amphetamine into the presynaptic neuron and dopamine out by reversing the transporter's pumping direction into inside out
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THe normal role of VMAT (vesicular monoamine transporter) is to:
a. pump dopamine from the synatic cleft into the pre-synaptic terminal b. pump monoamne (such as dopamine) into the synaptic vesicles c. pump Na+ ions out of the cell in exchange for K+ ions. d. regulate the synthesis of dopamine e. maintain the concentration gradients of Na+ and K+ ions |
b. pump monoamne (such as dopamine) into the synaptic vesicles
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THe release of dopamin induced by amphetamine is:
a. dependent on activiation of action potentials in the presynaptic neuron b. depenedent on the presence of magnesium c. dependent on depolarization d. independent of Ca++ entry to the neuron or action potentials in the presynaptic neuron e. quantal in amount |
d. independent of Ca++ entry to the neuron or action potentials in the presynaptic neuron
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The transport of dopamine into the synaptic vesicle is facilitated by the:
a. exchange of H+ ions out of the vesicle along the pH gradient. b. binding with Ca++ ions entry of Ca++ ions d. activation of dopamine transporter e. inhibition of dopamine autoreceptor |
a. exchange of H+ ions out of the vesicle along the pH gradient.
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At high doeses, amphetamine can act as:
a. an anti-diarrhea agent b. MAOI exerting anti-depressant effects c. anti-nausea agent d. anti-phobia agent e. anti-Alzheimer's agent |
b. MAOI exerting anti-depressant effects
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Dopamine sythesis can be enhanced by amphetamine because:
a. flushing out the cyoplasmic dopamine reduces the end-product inhibition effect b. dopamine is broken down at the synaptic cleft |
b. dopamine is broken down at the synaptic cleft
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The behavior/physiological effects of amphetamine include the following except one. Which is the exception?
a. feeling of exhilaration b. incrases in confidence c. improves in general motor performance but not fine motor skills d. heigtens alertness e. fatigue |
e. fatigue
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Chronic use of high dose amphetamine can lead to the foloowing symptoms except one. Which is the exception?
a. paranoid delusion b. weight loss c. motor stereotypes of repetitive purposeless motion d. psychosis and sudden outburst of aggression e. extrapyramidal Parkinson's symptom |
e. extrapyramidal Parkinson's symptom
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The dfining characteristics of ADHD include the following except one. Which is the exception?
a. impulsivity b. hyperkinesia c. combination of a and b. d. inattentiveness (or lack of focus) e. hyper-anxiety |
e. hyper-anxiety
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Executive function requires the following cognitive skills except one. Which is the exception?
a. selective attention b. judgment c. decision-making d. anticipation e. emotional expression |
e. emotional expression
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Working memory is:
a. the same as photographic short-term memory b. dynamic memory used to hold temporary information in order to accomplish a task c. the same as long-term memory d. the emotional memory triggered by association with emotional event. e. the memory used only at work and not at play |
b. dynamic memory used to hold temporary information in order to accomplish a task
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Which of the following is NOT one of the five functions requiring working memory to accomplish?
a. hindsight b. forethought c. sense of time d. self-awareness e. pleasure |
e. pleasure
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Focusing attention requires not only selective attention to the relevant events, but also
a. inhibition to irrelevant events b. emitional response c. motor activation d. imagination or hallucination e. hormonal influence |
a. inhibition to irrelevant events
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Which part of the brain is involved in processing executive functions, selective attention and working memory?
a. basal ganglia b. cerebellum c. thalamus d. prefrontal cortex e. brainstem |
d. prefrontal cortex
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Behavioral symptoms of ADHD include the following except one. Which is the exception?
a. short attention span. b. low frustration tolerance. c. abstinancy. d. impulsively turn attention to almost everything int he environment. e. insomnia |
e. insomnia
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The behaviroal symptoms of ADD-RT (residual type) include the following except one. Which is the exception?
a. distractibility b. restlessness c. hyper-emotionality d. delusion e. difficulty with work or inter-personal relationships |
d. delusion
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Examples of executive function disorders include the following except one. Which is the exception?
a. ADHD b. ODD c. CD d. HFA e. Parkinson's disorder |
e. Parkinson's disorder
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The co-morbidity disorders often co-exist with ADHD include the following except one. Which is the exception?
a. anxiety disorder b. Tourette's syndrome c. reading disability d. conduct disorder e. psychosis |
e. psychosis
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The neuropathology of ADHD from PET or fMRI imaging studies indicates there is a decrease in metabolism in
a. pre-frontal cortex and basal ganglia b. thalamus c. cerebellum d. brainstem e. hippocampus |
a. pre-frontal cortex and basal ganglia
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The psychophysics assessment test for impulsivity to resolve a conflict between the color and meaning of a word is called
a. stop task test b. tower of Hanoi game test c. fluency task test d. Stroop test e. reaction-time test |
d. Stroop test
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ADHD patients often perform with _____ in the stop task test compared to normal subjects.
a. shorter reaction time b. longer reaction time c. the same reaction time d. longer attention period e. shorter attention period |
b. longer reaction time
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The Tower of Hanoi game tests:
a. the reaction time to stop ongoing action. b. association skills with multiple objects c. the ability to plan with intermediate steps using working memory d. memory task to remember photographically e. the speed of motor task |
c. the ability to plan with intermediate steps using working memory
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Which of the following drugs is used in the treatment of ADHD?
a. amphetamine or cocain-class drugs b. lithium c. SSRI d. MAOI e. antipsychotics |
a. amphetamine or cocain-class drugs
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The molecular action of Ritalin (methlphenidate) is:
a. blocking the dopamine post-synaptic receptor b. blocking the dopamine authoreceptor c. blocking the reuptake of dopamine transporter d. blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine transporter e. blocking the reuptake of glutamate transporter |
c. blocking the reuptake of dopamine transporter
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The molecular of action of Strattera is:
a. blocking the dopamine post-synaptic receoptr. b. blocking the dopamine autoreceptor. c. blocking the reuptake of dopamine transporter d. blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine transporter e. blocking the reuptake of glutamate transporter |
d. blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine transporter
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Based on the treatment model of ADHD, the nurochemical hypothesis of ADHD is due to:
a. hyperfunction of dopaminergic/noradrenergic system. b. hypofunction of dopaminergic/noradrenergic system c. hyperfunction of glutamergic system d. hyperfunction of GABAergic system e. hyperfunction of serotoninergic system |
b. hypofunction of dopaminergic/noradrenergic system
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Characteristics of schizophrenia include the following except one. Which is the exception?
a. delusion b. distrubance int the form of thought c. desturbance int eh content of thought d. hallucination e. depression |
e. depression
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The cross-modality association, such as seeing sound or hearing light, is called:
a. delusion b. phsychosis c. schizophrenia d. synesthesia e. hypersensitivity |
d. synesthesia
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The most common form of hallucination in schizophrenia is:
a. auditory hallucination b. visual hallucination c. tactile hallucination d. motor hallucination e. olfactory hallucination |
a. auditory hallucination
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The disturbances of emotions in schizophrenia include the following except one. Which is the exception?
a. inappropriate emotions b. no emotion c. no expresion of emotion such as monotone d. sudden change of emotions e. hallucination |
e. hallucination
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THe catatonic subtype of schizophrenia is characterized by the:
a. emotional disturbances b. motor disturbances c. sensory distubrances d. memeory disturbances e. cognitive disturbances |
b. motor disturbances
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Positive sympotms of schizophrenia refer to the:
a. freeze posture b. devoid of behavior c. devoid of thoughts d. devoid of emotions e. excessive behavior, thought or emotion |
e. excessive behavior, thought or emotion
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Negaitve sympotms of schizophrenia includes the following abnormalities except one. Which is the exception?
a. paranoia b. hallucination c. delusion d. lack of behavior, emoition or thought e. excessive bahavior, thought or emotion |
d. lack of behavior, emoition or thought
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The neuropathology of schizophrenia includes the following abnormalities except one. Which is the exception?
a. neural formation b. neural migration c. synaptogenesis d. neural prunin e. head circumference |
e. head circumference
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Pre-pulse inhibition to startle reflex can be explained by the:
a. neurochemical imbalance. b. gating hypothesis to filter sensory input when preceded by a soft tone c. etiology of ADHD d. inability to response emotionally e. ahedonic response |
b. gating hypothesis to filter sensory input when preceded by a soft tone
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Schizophrenic patients often:
a. respond without any startle in the pre-pulse inhibition test b. respond with a big startle in the pre-pulse inhibition test c. fail to respond correctly in the Stroop test d. respond slower in the stop taskk test e. fail in the fluency test |
b. respond with a big startle in the pre-pulse inhibition test
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One of the side effects of typical antipsychotics is:
a. hyperphagia b. hyperactivity c. insomnia d. extrapyramidal symptoms e. hyperextension |
d. extrapyramidal symptoms
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Lactation is one of the side effects of:
a. typical antisychotics b. atypical antipyschotics c. antianxiety drug d. antidepressants e. antiepileptics |
a. typical antisychotics
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The following are the environmental stressors for schizophrenia except one. Which is the exception?
a. emotional negativity b. critical or emotionality over-involved family climate c. over-stimulation in social environment d. stressful life even beyond personal control e. positive family problem solving skills |
e. positive family problem solving skills
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Blind pane in the Johari window corresponds to the window pane that is:
a. known to self and others b. known to self but not others c. known to others but not self d. not known to self of others e. unknown to anybody |
c. known to others but not self
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The Open Pane in Johari window also corresponds to the area that is known by both self and others. This window of knowledge corresponds to:
a. common knowledge area b. ignorant area c. insight area d. unknown area e. supernatural area |
a. common knowledge area
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Knowledge about the conditions experienced by a schizophreneic, such as hearing voices, can be revealed to others by expanding the Johari window's Open Pane to Hidden Pane. This expanding of Johari window is accomplished by:
a. self-discolsure b. asking for feedback c. meditation d. hypnosis e. psychic ESP |
a. self-discolsure
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The dysphoric moods in depression include the following except one. Which is the exception?
a. hopelessness b. helplessness c. worthlessness d. despair e. delusion |
e. delusion
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Symptoms of depression include the following except one. Which is the exception?
a. diminished interst in all activities b. fatigue or loss of energy c. decrease ability to think or concentrate or indecisiveness d. paranoia e. recurrent thought of death and suicide |
d. paranoia
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Sympotms of mania include the folllowing except one. Which is the exception?
a. infalted self-esteem b. inflated self-confidence c. increase need for sleep d. increase goal-directed activities e. excessive pleasurable activities with high potentials for painful consequences |
c. increase need for sleep
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One of the typical treatments for bipolar disorder is:
a. Ritalin b. lithium c. Adderall d. phenothiazine e. MAOI |
b. lithium
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Bipolar disorder is also called:
a. manic-depressive disorder b. major depression c. unipolar disorder d. schizophrenic e. ADD |
a. manic-depressive disorder
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