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83 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the AKA for Archicerebellum
(2 of them) |
Flocculonodular lobe and Vestibulocerebellum
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What is the AKA for paleocerebellum?
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Spinocerebellar
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What is the AKA for neocerebellum?
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Lateral hemisphere
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Where is the vermis and 2 medial hemisphere (perivermal area) located?
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Paleocerebellum
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Which cerebellar peduncle deals with the lateral hemisphere AKA neocerebellum?
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middle cerebellar peduncle (its the largest)
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What does the vermis deal with?
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midline of the body, trunk, head, and eyes
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What does the paravermis deal with?
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extremities
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What are the 3 layers of the cerebellar cortex?
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Molecular- outer
Purkinje- middle Granular- inner |
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What tract can you associate with climbing fibers?
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Olivo-cerebellar tract becausee its from the inferior olivary nucleus
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what tracts can you associate with mossey fibers?
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all tracts?
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T/F All neurons in the cerebellar cortex are inhibitory neurons.
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False, granular neurons are the only ones that are excitory
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T/F All the cerebellar cortical neurons are interneurons.
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False, Purkinje cells are also interneurons
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Who gets information first and faster? The cerebellum or the cortex?
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The cerebellum because the cortex has the thalamus which is selective
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Children that are labeled as ADD have problems with?
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inactivity of the cerebellum due to too much tv and not being active
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What gets affected with ADD? (with the body)
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posture, balance, and gait
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T/F The cerebellum only gets sensory info
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False! its gets cortical information from the pontine nuclei
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How does the cerebellum transmit visual info?
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Via the superior colliculus
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What are the 2 pathways going to the legs?
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1) dorsal spinocerebellar (to the inf cerebellar peduncle)
2) ventral spinocerebellar (to the superior cerebellar peduncle) |
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What is the pathway coming from the upper extremity?
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Cuneocerebellar tract to the inferior cerebellar peduncle
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Which peduncle does the corticopontocerebellar tract go to?
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The middle cerebellar peduncle
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How does the inferior olivary nucleus send information to the cerebellum? Contralaterally or ipsilaterally?
And through which cerebellar peduncle? |
From contralateral side
Through the inf cerebellar peduncle |
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Does the pontine nucleus come from the contralateral side or ipsilateral side?
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contralateral side
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Does the Cerebral cortex come from the contralateral or ipsilateral side?
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Contralateral, but indirectly via the pontine nucleus
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How many times does the ventral spinal tract cross? What side does it come from?
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it crosses twice and comes from the ipsilateral side
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What are the 4 deep cerebellar nuclei?
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"fat girl eats donuts"
Fastigium Globus Embiliform Dentate |
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T/F Granular cells are the only cells in the cerebellum that are excitory.
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False, its true if it says cerebellar cortex
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Which of the two will be excited more? the Deep cerebellar nuclei or mossy fibers?
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Deep cerebellar nuclei
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Which cerebellar neurons will have efferent outputs from cerebellar cortex?
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Purkinje cells
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T or F: ALL cerebellar cortical neurons are inhibitory EXCEPT granule cells.
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True
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Which fibers excite granule cells?
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Mossy fibers
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After the fibers reach the granular layer, where do they go?
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The molecular layer
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What are the two outputs from the cerebellum?
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The deep cerebellar nuclei (mostly + and very minor -)
And Pukinji cells (INHIBITORY OUTPUT) |
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T/F The only cells that send information out from the cells is the purkinji cells?
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FALSE
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When information goes from the cerebral cortex to the spinal cord, what gets the information first?
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CEREBELLUM
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What layer are the purkinji fibers located?
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Molecular layer
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What happens as mossy fibers receive information? 2 things
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1) gives the info to the deep cerebellar nuclei
2) Sends info out as positive output *so + in + out |
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What happens after the deep cerebellar nuclei have the information?
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info goes furthur out to the granular cells that go to the parallel fibers that then go to the dendrites of the purkinji cells and go out--> it is inhibitory output
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What starts and intitiates your movement? ex)gas pedal
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Deep cerebellar nuclei
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What stops your movement? ex) brake pedal
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Purkinji cells
* they are the inhibitory neurons that come out and control movement |
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What is a resting tremor?
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Parkinsons
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• Granule cells will send excitatory info to the outer layer of the cerebellum through axons called
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Parallel fibers
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What two things control movement?
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Deep cerebellar nuclei and purkinji cells
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What is the definition of ataxia?
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lack of coordination
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T/F Ataxia is always with a cerebellar lesion?
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False, it could be not knowing proprioception
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What is sensory axatia?
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Lack of sufficient sensory input to the cerebellum, thus preventing the cerebellum from controlling your motor output (dealing with coordination)
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What are the 3 layers of the cerebellum?
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Granular, purkinji, and moleucular
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What are the 3 major sensory information that go to the cerebellum?
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Vision, vestibular, spinal cord & trigeminal nucleus (oralis and interpolaris)
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Where does the vision info go to?
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vermis (because it is a midline part of the body)
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Where does the vestibular system send info to?
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flocculonodular lobe
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What is sensory ataxia?
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Lack of sufficient sensory input to the cerebellum, thus preventing the cerebellum from controlling your motor output (dealing with coordination)
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Is ataxia always a cerebellar lesion?
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NO, it could be not knowing proprioception
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What are the 3 proprioceptions?
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Vestibular, vision, spinal cord and trigeminal
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To get to the cerebellum from the cortex, you must go through what?
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The pontine nuclei
(cortico-ponto-cerebellar tract) |
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What are the only neurons in the cerebellar cortex?
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Granular cells
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Where cells do parallel fibers come from?
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Granular cells
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T/F The parallel fibers excite the purkinje cells
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TRUE
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T/F The purkinje cells inhibit the deep cerebellar nuclei
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TRUe
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What will you have a problem with if you have a lesion in the deep cerebellar nuclei?
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problems with initiation( more) and movement
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What will you have a problem with if you have a lesion in the cerebellar cortex?
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movement and termination (more)
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What are the names of the deep cerebellar nuclei?
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Fat Girls Eat Donuts
Fastigium Globus Embiliform Dentate |
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Which are connected to the paravermal area?
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Globus and Embiliform
*they make up the INTERPOLS |
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Which are connected to the lateral hemisphere?
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Dentate
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Where is the fastigium connected to?
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the vermis and to the nodule part of the flocculonodular lobe
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What happens with fastigium lesion?
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it effects the midline of the body, eye movements, tongue, CN 3, 4 6, 12 and paravertebral m.
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What is the effect of a interpols lesion?
(haha what is interpols) |
-interpols= globus + embiliform
it effects part of the paravermal and the extremities |
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What is the effect of a dentate nucleus lesion?
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effects the planning, cognition, focusing
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T/F The central sulcus is a part of the cerebellum
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False! its a part of the cerebral cortex
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What does the precentral gyrus deal with?
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the motor systems and areas 4 and 6
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What is the most frontal part of the frontal lobe?
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prefrontal cortex, it's in front of the motor cortex
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How does the lateral cerebellar lobe connect itself with the cerebrum?
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connects to the prefrontal and the PTO
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How does the vermis and perivermis connect itself with the cerebrum?
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connect to the precentral gyrus and motor cortex
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What lobe does vision go to?
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occipital lobe
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What lobe does the vestibular system go to?
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temporal lobe/insula
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What lobe does somatosensory go to?
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parietal lobe
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What will you have difficulty with if there's a lesion in the lateral cerebellar hemisphere?
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have difficulty with planning and thinking
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KNOW THAT THE PATH FROM THE CEREBELLUM TO THE CORTEX IS DIFFERENT THAN THE PATH FROM THE CORTEX TO THE CEREBELLUM
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* the cortex sends into to the cerebellum through the pontine nuclei
*however, the cerebellum sends info to the cortex via the VA and VL of the thalamus (it comes from superior cerebellar peduncle) |
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Which deals more with motor things- the cerebellum or the cerebrum?
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the cerebellum
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What is coined as the "the little cerebellum in the medulla"
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the inferior olivary nucleus
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What kind of info does the inferior olivary nucleus get- sensory or motor?
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sensory
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Explain 1:1 ration of the purkinji cells and climbing fibers
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Each purkinji cell does not get more than one climbing fiber, it only gets ONE
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How does sensory information reach the cerebellum via the inferior olivary nucleus?
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Inferior olivary nucleus--> climbing fibers --> 1 specific purkinji cell-->
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Are deep cerebellar nuclei all excitory or inhibitory? What is the exception?
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they are all excitory except the ones that go to the inferior olivary nucleus.
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What inhibits the inferior olivary nucleus?
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the cerebellum
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