Neuro Ch. 8

Front 1

sympathetic nervous system is the _____ outflow

its cell bodies are located ____

Back 1

Thoracolumbar outflow

cell bodies T1-L2

fight or flight
accelerator
rapid response needed

Front 2

parasympathetic nervous system is the _____ outflow

cell bodies are located ____

Back 2

craniosacral outflow

cell bodies located in the brainstem and sacral spinal cord

rest and digest

Front 3

the autonomic system has these 4 types of receptors?

Back 3

1. mechanoreceptors
2. chemoreceptors
3. nociceptors
4. thermoceptors

Front 4

the ANS has mechanoreceptors. what are they?

Back 4

mechanoreceptors respond to pressure (baroreceptors) and/or stretch

Pressure: aortic baroreceptors, carotid sinus, lungs (all these mechanoreceptors are for the ANS)

stretch: venous, bladder

Front 5

ANS has chemoreceptors. what are they?

Back 5

chemoreceptors sense chemical changes in the blood

O2 - sensed in carotid body (CN IX)
CO2/pH - sensed in medulla
glucose - sensed in hypothalamus

Front 6

ANS has nociceptors. what are they?

Back 6

nociceptors respond to ischemia, irritants, stretch of viscera and arterial walls

Front 7

ANS has thermoreceptors. what are they?

Back 7

thermoreceptors respond to temperature

hypothalamus senses blood temp

cutaneous thermoreceptors

Front 8

ANS and afferent pathways

how does the information from receptors get to the CNS?(2)

Back 8

1. info gets to the spinal cord via Dorsal Roots

2. cranial nerves

Front 9

CN VII is the ___

is it mixed (sensory and motor)?

what is the function? (motor,secretomotor,sensory?)

cell bodies?

Back 9

facial nerve

yes it is mixed (sensory and motor)

function:
motor control - face (facial expressions)
secretomotor - parasymp control of salivary glands
sensory - tongue (anterior 2/3)

cell bodies:
1. facial nucleus (Pons)
2. Salivatory nucleus (Pons)
3. NTS (Medulla)

Front 10

UMNs to upper facial muscles project _____

Back 10

bilaterally

Front 11

UMNs to lower face project only to the ___ side

Back 11

contralateral side

Front 12

CN IX glossopharyngeal nerve

is it mixed (sensory and motor)?

function (motor, sensory)?

cell bodies?

Back 12

yes it is mixed (sensory and motor)

function: closely related to Vagus nerve (X)
motor: pharyngeal muscles
taste: posterior 1/3 of tongue
sensory: upper airways, carotid body

cell bodies:
1. nucleus ambiguous (medulla)
2. NTS (medulla)
3. Inf. Salivatory nucleus (medulla)

Front 13

CN X vagus

is it mixed (sensory and motor)?

function (motor, parasymp control)?

Back 13

yes it is mixed (sensory and motor)

function:
motor - pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles

parasymp control - heart, lung/airways

cell bodies:
1. nucleus ambiguous (medulla)
2. NTS (medulla)
3. Dorsal Motor Nucleus (medulla)

Front 14

tongue and soft palate are CN ____ and ___

Back 14

CN VII and IX

Front 15

larynx, thoracic and abdominal viscera is CN ___

Back 15

CN X

Front 16

ANS: central regulation

where does the information go to?

Back 16

Nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) - most visceral info

info then relayed to
thalamus
hypothalamus
limbic structures
medulla
pons

Front 17

Autonomic control by the Medulla and Pons does controls what?(4)

Back 17

1. HR
2. breathing
3. vasoconstriction
4. vasodilation

autonomic efferents in spinal cord and CN X (Vagus)

Front 18

Autonomic control by the Hypothalamus does what?

Back 18

hypothalamus influences metabolism, digestions, etc. via pituitary gland, brainstem control centers

Front 19

autonomic control by the thalamus does what?

Back 19

thalamus projects to limbic neurons

Front 20

autonomic control by the Limbic System

Back 20

limbic activation produces autonomic responses
ex: increased HR, blushing, crying

Front 21

brainstem nuclei and higher structures regulate sympathetic and parasympathetic ____ neural output

Back 21

Efferent

Front 22

ANS "motor neurons" are located in peripheral ganglia

___ chains are close to the spinal cord

____ ganglia are close to the targer organ

Back 22

sympathetic chains are close to the spinal cord

parasympathetic ganglia are close to the target organ

Front 23

what are pre-ganglionic neurons?

Back 23

neurons extending from the CNS to the ganglion

Front 24

what are post-ganglionic neurons?

Back 24

neurons connecting the ganglion with the effector organ

Front 25

what are cholinergic NTs?

cholinergic neurons secrete what type of NT?

Back 25

Ach

cholinergic neurons secrete Ach

Front 26

what are adrenergic NTs?

Back 26

Epi and NE

Front 27

ALL pre-ganglionic neurons are ___ neurons

Back 27

cholinergic neurons

All pre-ganglionic neurons secrete Ach

Front 28

post-ganglionic parasympathetic neurons release what type of NT?

Back 28

Ach

therefore post-ganglionic parasympathetic neurons are cholinergic neurons

Front 29

sympathetic post-ganglionic innervating sweat glands release what type of NT?

Back 29

Ach.

therefore sympathetic post-ganglionic neurons are cholinergic neurons

Front 30

what are two types of cholinergic receptors? (bind Ach)

Back 30

1. Muscarinic (glands, smooth muscle, heart, sweat glands). IPSP or EPSP

2. Nicotinic (adrenal medulla, smooth muscle). EPSP.

Front 31

MOST sympathetic post-gangionic neurons release ___

Back 31

NE

therefore they are adrenergic neurons

Front 32

the adrenal medulla releases ____

Back 32

NE and