Neuro- Cerebellum

Front 1

Motor System consists of

Back 1

1. cerebral cotex involvement
2. basal ganglia
3. cerebellum

Front 2

Cerebellar Damage symptoms

Back 2

1. ataxia-incoordination
2. loss of fine motor control
3. problems w/ motor programs
4. balance

Front 3

how many homunculi are on surface of cerebellar cortex?

Back 3

3

Front 4

chiari malformation


cerebellar peduncles

Back 4

cerebellar tonsils herniate into the foramen magnum

hold up cerebellum and connect it to the brainstem

Front 5

SCP

MCP

ICP

Back 5

brachium conjunctivum

bracium pontis- most lateral, largest. Pontine nuclei, fasicles
restiform body- ventral, associated w/ medulla

Front 6

Primary Fissure

Posterolateral FIssure

Back 6

divides ant lobe from post lobe

divides post lobe from flocculonodular lobe

Front 7

nodule is part of what lobe?

Back 7

flocculonodular lobe

Front 8

Archicerebellum

Back 8

oldest part of cerebellum
flocculonodular lobe, lingula, flocculi

Front 9

Paleocerebellum

Neocerebellum

Back 9

vermis, paravermian cortex

majority of cerebellar hemispheres, and middle vermis

Front 10

The Trunk

hands/feet

Vestibular fxns, eye mvmt

Back 10

midline, veris and paravermis- paleocerebllum
more lateral, neocerebellum

Archicerebellum

Front 11

deep cerebellar nuclei



DEGF

Back 11

outputs from fxnal areas of cerebellum have to synpase here before exiting

dentate, emboliform, globose, fastigal

Front 12

Dentate Nuclues

Interposed Nuclei

Fastigal Nucleus

Back 12

largest, most lateral, neocerbellum
Emboliform, Globose

midline, Archicerebellum

Front 13

some exciting fibers of the Flocculonodular lobe skip the fastigal nucleus and synapse where?

Back 13

Vestibular Nuclei

Front 14

Mollaret's Triangle

Back 14

Red Nuc, Central Tegmental Tract, Dentate Nuc

palatal myoclonus w/ damage

Front 15

3 Major Layers of Cerebellum

Back 15

1. Molecular- outermost, few cells
2. Purkinje Cell Layer- major output, huge cells
3. Granular layer- very cellular, sinks during dvlpt
*Has golgi cells

Front 16

Ramon y Cajall, Camillo Golgi

Back 16

developed staining technique w/ salts of silver and gold

saw dedrites of Purkinje cells

Front 17

2 input fibers of Cerebellum

Back 17

1. Mossy Fibers
2. Climbing Fibers- orig in ION of opposite side. climb dendritic tree of purkinje cells
both excitatory

Front 18

Granular Layer
Purkinje Layer
Molecular Layer interneurons

Back 18

granular cells + Golgi cells.
dendrites project into molec.
1. Stellate Cells- contact dendrites of purkinje cell *GABA
2. Basket Cells- contact cell body of purkinje cell *GABA

Front 19

all cells in cerebellum are inhib/GABA except?

Back 19

Granular Cells- Glutamenergic

Front 20

Basket Cell
Stellate Cell

Back 20

of Molecular Layer
are both GABA

Front 21

Mossy Fibers terminal

(mossy/climbing fibers are excitatory input)

Back 21

Glomerulus- Golge Cells and Granular cells synapse here

Front 22

after the Mossy Fiber Glomerulus terminal
Granular Fibers have

Back 22

parallel fibers that are parallel w/ surface of folia
*Connections w/ everyone

Front 23

Golgi/Granular Cell loop

Back 23

granular cell excites golgi cell which inhibits granular cell

Front 24

Climbing Fiber

Back 24

climbs on tree of Purkinje Cell

Front 25

Molecular layer
Stellate Cells
Basket Cells

Back 25

stellate cells go after branches
basket go after the trunk of the purkinje cell
*BOTH are inhibitory

Front 26

Purkinje cells do what to deep cerebellar nuclei

Back 26

inhibit them

all others will excite deep cerebellar nuclei
BALANCE b/w excitation/inhibition

Front 27

Mossy Fibers and Climbing Fibers

Granular fibers excite whom?

Back 27

stimulate Deep Cerebellar Nuclei

EVERYONE

Front 28

most impt monoamine in cerebellum

Back 28

Norepi

cerebellum is closer to LC than SN

Front 29

what is the main input in the cerebellum?

where does it come from?

Back 29

peripheral nerves- helps coordinate and does proprioceptive info

1. muscle spindles 2. golgi tendon organs

Front 30

4 Spinocerebellar Pathways

from periphery-SC-to Cerebellum

Back 30

1. Cuneo SCT- arms
2. Rostral SCT- arms
3. Dorsal SCT- legs
4. Ventral SCT- legs

Front 31

CuneoSCT
RostralSCT
Dorsal SCT
Ventral

Back 31

ext Cuneate Nuc-> ICP-> Arms
ICP+SCP-> Arms
Clarks Colum-> ICP-> Legs
SCP-> Legs

Front 32

SCT that go through the ICP

Back 32

have nuclei
1. Cuneo SCT
2. Dorsal SCT

Front 33

SCT that go through the SCP

Back 33

do not have nuclei
1. Rostral SCT
2. Ventral SCT

Front 34

Dorsal and Ventral SCT are found in which part of the SC?

Back 34

lateral most part of Lateral Funiculus. unconscious proprioception

dorsal- assoc w/ clark's column in thoracic cord. medial to IMLCC

Front 35

external cuneate nucleus is what? where?

Back 35

the cuneo SCT relay point

in rostral Medulla

Front 36

ICP inputs:


outputs

Back 36

1. Spinocerebellar paths
2. Contralateral ION

archicerebellar-> Vestibular Nuclei

Front 37

MCP inputs:

Back 37

mostly pontine nuclei from cerebral cortex

Front 38

SCP

Back 38

Major output pathways to contralateral (b/c of decussation) VA/VL of thalmus

rostral and ventral SCT use it to get in

Front 39

outflow of SCP is primarily from what nuclei?

Back 39

1. Interposed Nucleus
2. Dentate Nucleus(mostly)

Front 40

Major output of Flocculonodular Lobes is to what?

Back 40

Vestibular control of eye movements

Vestibular-Occular Reflex (DOll's Eye)

Archicerebellum assoc w/ this

Front 41

Archicerebllum/vestibulocerebellum
main fxn

Back 41

going to Vestibular Nuclei
some form Vestibulospinal Tract to axial musculature
Fastigal Nuc is main output
Balance, Posture, Eye fixation

Front 42

Paleocerebellum/Spinocerebellum

Back 42

majority deals with Trunk (on cerebellar homunculus)
1. proprioceptive adjustments
2. position
3. velocity

Front 43

Paleocerebellum primarily goes to what nuc

what outputs

Back 43

Interposed Nuclei-->Sup Cerebellar Peduncle then to 3outputs
1. Rednuc and RubroST
2. Motor Cortex (double cross)
3. Vestibulospinal tract

Front 44

Neocerebellum/cerebrocerebellum

Back 44

1. motor precision
2. motor execution

lesion here->ataxia

Front 45

major output of Neocerebellum is to what nuc?

Back 45

Dentate Nucleus-> SCP->
1. Red Nucleus
2. most to motor cortex loop

Front 46

dysmetria


dysdiadochokinesia

Back 46

problem in hands, undershoot/overshoot. cerebrocerebellum
rapid alt movements

Front 47

Positive Romberg's Sign

Back 47

if trunk of cerebellum is involved. pt closes eyes and cant stand up

Neurosyphillis- bact destrol Dorsal columns

Front 48

The Double Cross

Back 48

necessary b/c there is no 'cerebellospinal' tract
cerebellum influences CST

Front 49

cross #1

Back 49

1. while CST is in pons, corticopontine fibers synapse on pontine nuc and cross thru pontine fassicles to MCP and into neocerebellum via Mossy Fibers

Front 50

corss #2

Back 50

1. cerebellum sends these fibers back up north thru SCP
2. SCP decussates, synapse in VA/VL
3. enters motor cortex