Neuro - Brain Lesions And Vf Defects

Front 1

Optic nerve lesion causes what kind of defect and why?

Back 1

arcuate due to horizontal raphe

Front 2

What types of lesion does not respect horizontal or vertical

Back 2

Retinal lesions

Front 3

Top part of visual field ends up where in the calcrine cortex

Back 3

bottom half

Front 4

What types of lesions cause incongruity

Back 4

optic tracts

Front 5

Temporal lobe causes what type of visual field defects

Back 5

pie in the sky

Front 6

What is the center of visual field defects in the brain?

Back 6

fovea, not the optic nerve

Front 7

Where in the visual field is the blindspot?

Back 7

temporal visual field

Front 8

Goldmann visual fields are based on what units

Back 8

isopters

Front 9

What vf testing is kinetic?

Back 9

Goldmann

Front 10

What units are used in static perimetry

Back 10

decibles, foveal threshold is in 30's

Front 11

What is the mean deviation on the visual field? What disease is it used for?

Back 11

a weighted average, good for monitoring for pseudotumor cerebri

Front 12

Altitudinal vf defect see in what disease?

Back 12

Ischemic optic neuropathy

Front 13

Mitochondrial optic neuropathy causes what type of vf defect

Back 13

Centrosecal
central scotoma
central
think B12 and toxic optic neuropathies too

Front 14

Wilbrands knee carries what fibers

Back 14

Inf nasal fibers from contralateral eye visiting the optic nerve and then back to the optic tract. Left eye fibers go to right occipital lobe. Junction of optic nerve and chiasm.

Front 15

T/F Vertical projecting vf defect can come from the orbit or eyeball.

Back 15

False

Front 16

Where do nasal and temp fibers begin to segregate?

Back 16

In the ON just prior to the chiasm.

Front 17

How far is the ON above pituitary

Back 17

1mm above

Front 18

Postfixed chiasm a sellar lesion can cause what defect?

Back 18

Affect both optic nerves

Front 19

Chiasmal defect at junction with ON causes what defect?

Back 19

Junctional scotoma - optic neuropathy on same side as lesion and a vf defect sup temp in the other eye.

Front 20

Pressing on the chiasm from below causes what vf defect?

Back 20

bitemp hemianopia

Front 21

Bottom of chiasm corresponds to what part of the visual field

Back 21

top part

Front 22

craniopharyngiomas cause visual field dects by what mechanism and what does the defect look like.

Back 22

Craniopharyngioma pushes down on the chiasm and cause inf bitemp defects.

Front 23

Where do macular fibers cross?

Back 23

posterior chiasm

Front 24

Temp VF defect -> must rule out what?

Back 24

Chiasmal lesion, unilateral or bilateral temp defects

Front 25

Kids and young adults get chiasmal syndrome due to what?

Back 25

craniopharyngioma

Front 26

Middle aged people get chiasmal syndromes due to what?

Back 26

meningioma

Front 27

Younger adults get chiasmal defects due to what?

Back 27

Pituitary adenoma - most common cause of all chiasmal defects

Front 28

Old people get chiasmal defects due to what?

Back 28

Aneurysms

Front 29

Young children get chiasmal defects due to what 2 things?

Back 29

Gliomas
Disgerminomas

Front 30

Chiasmal lesions can cause what strange entity?

Back 30

post fixation blindness - must have complete temp hemianopia
can't see what they focus on at near

Front 31

Visual field defects in both eyes must be caused by lesions where?

Back 31

Postchiasmal.

Front 32

Sectorenopias caused by lesion where

Back 32

LGB

Front 33

Optic tract syndrome features 3

Back 33

Triad of:
incongruent hemianopia
bow-tie atrophy
contralateral APD

Front 34

What are the two vascular patterns of the LGB?

Back 34

Hilum=post choroidal artery=pie cut out
medial and lateral horn=ant choroidal artery=spare a pie

Front 35

Meyers service what part of the visual field

Back 35

sup-temp

Front 36

Parietal lobe lesion causes what type of movement problem

Back 36

optokinetic nystagmus b/c pursuit movements start in the parietal lobe

Front 37

Occipital lobe most anterior part corresponds to what part of the visual field

Back 37

most peripheral field

Front 38

Macula uses up what % of the occipital lobe?

Back 38

60% of the lobe

Front 39

Macular sparing is caused by supply from what

Back 39

Middle cerebral artery

Front 40

Hemianopic scotoma is caused by a lesion where

Back 40

occipital lobe

Front 41

Monocular temp crecent is where in the occipital lobe

Back 41

contralateral occipital lobe

Front 42

Quadrantanopia implies lesion where

Back 42

occipital lobe only b/c calcrine fissure separates upper and lower field

Front 43

What test is used to assess for temporal crecent

Back 43

Goldmann

Front 44

Meridional sparing or involvement is caused by lesions where

Back 44

occipital lobe lesion along the calcrine cortex base vs. lips

Front 45

B/L occipital infarcts can be confused with

Back 45

Ischemic optic neuropathy

Front 46

What is the most commonly encountered higher cortical dysfunction?

Back 46

simultagnosia, b/l parietal lobe lesions

Front 47

Who gets simultagnosia

Back 47

parkinson's

Front 48

Gertsmann's Syndrome

Back 48

Simultagnosia
posagnosia

Front 49

Balant syndrome

Back 49

Bilateral parieto-occipital lobe lesions
optic apraxia (can't initiate eye movements)
optic ataxia

Front 50

Cerebral achromatopsia has what features

Back 50

Blind quadrant superiorly
inf visual field does not percieve color
lingual or fusiform gyrus

Front 51

Alexia without agraphia, lesion where?

Back 51

Lesion in the left occipital lobe but not angular gyrus and involves splenium of corpus collosum which brings info from right occipital lobe.

Front 52

Alexia with agraphia lesion where?

Back 52

Left angular gyrus (left occipital lobe)

Front 53

Where in the brain is the reading center?

Back 53

Left anglular gyrus

Front 54

Movement or sound induced phosphenes are caused by what?

Back 54

optic neuritis

Front 55

Charles-Bennet syndrome is what?

Back 55

released hallucinations
formed or unformed
in pts with decrased vision like macular degeneration

Front 56

Lesions where cause formed hallucinations?

Back 56

Temporal lobe