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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which part of the cerebellum can herniate into the foramen magnum?
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Answer: it is the tonsil of the cerebellum
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What is dysmetria and how do you test it with a patient?
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Overshoot-Undershoot, finger nose test
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What is dysdiadochokinesia?
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Inability to perform rapid movements (pronation supination on thigh)
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Why toddler cannot balance?
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Because the nerves aren't fully myelinated.
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If left cerebellum has a lesion, to which side patient falls?
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To the side of lesion (left side)
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Whether weakness is a sign of cerebellar disease? If not what is the sign of cerebellar disease?
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No weakness is not a sign of cerebellar disease, hypotonia is.
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What type of pupil you expect in a patient with diencephalic lesion?
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Small and reactive pupils (Why?)
(Answer: Sympathetic fibers which dilate are lost |
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What type of pupil you expect in a comatose patient with Pretectal lesion?
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Large Fixed Pupils
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What type of pupil you expect in a comatose patient with the lesion of tegmentum of midbrain?
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midposition and fixed
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What type of pupil you see when left oculomotor nerve has lesion?
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Left pupil large and fixed
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What type of pupil you expect in a pontine lesion?
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Pin Point pupils
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What is decorticate posturing and what are the two tracts that have escaped to bring about this posture?
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Flexor posturing/mummy posturing. Rubrospinal tract and cortical spinal tract. INJURY ABOVE RED NUCLEUS
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What is decerebrate posturing and which tract is cut and which tract is functioning?
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Extensor posturing. Injury below red nucleus (worse than decorticate). The extension of limbs is due to the unopposed action of vestibulospinal tracts. Since rubrospinal tract is also cut, flexion of upper limb is lost.
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What are the symptoms of pseudobulbar palsy?
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This results in the following symptoms:
Dysphagia, dysarthria and impairment of voluntary movements of tongue and face associated with involuntary crying and laughing |
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Name four clinical conditions associated with midbrain?
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Third nerve palsy
Ataxia Decorticate flexor posturing Impaired consciousness |
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Name three ’P’s associated with pontine lesion?
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Pyrexia (fever)
Pin point pupil Paralysis |
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Name four clinical conditions associated with the lesion of medulla oblongata?
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Vertigo
Ataxia Nystagmus Nausea Vomiting Respiratory arrest hiccups hypoglossal palsy |
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What are the parts of diencephalon?
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Everything that ends in Thalamus and pretectum and post pituitary.
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Name the cavity of diencephalon
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Third Ventricle
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What is hypothalamic sulcus? Where does it begin and where does it terminate?
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Hypothalamic sulcus extending from the cerebral aqueduct to the interventricular foramen divides the diencephalon into dorsal and ventral parts
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What are the structures included under metathalamus?
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Medial & lateral Geniculate bodies
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What is epithalamus?
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Habenula , pineal gland and posterior commissure
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