Neuro 59 Higher Cortical Fx

Front 1

what are the broadman areas of primary sessory cortex

Back 1

1. Somatosensory: 123
2. Visual: 17
3. Auditory 41

Front 2

these are what kind of cortex, what are their broadman areas

auditory
somatosensory
visual

Back 2

all are PRIMARY sensory

41
1,2,3
17

Front 3

what is the primary motor cortex

Back 3

broadman area 4
PREcentral g

Front 4

what are the 4 general categories of cortex

Back 4

1. Sensory
2. Motor
3. Unimodal: integration areas for ONE sense. like the dorsal and ventral stream for visual info
4. Multimodal

Front 5

what are unimodal associan cortex areas

Back 5

they are the association areas of primary sensnory cortex

1. somatosensory 5 7
2. Motor 6 8
3. Auditory: 22
4. Visual Association: 19 18 37 7

Front 6

the association areas of sensory info are called what? what are the broadman numbers for each

Back 6

unimodal assoiation cortex

1. Somatosensory: 5 7
2. Visual 18 19 37 7
3. Auditory 22
4. Motor 6 8

Front 7

somatosensroy association
auditory association
visual association
motor association


what type of cortex, what are the numbers

Back 7

unimodal association
5 7
22
18 19 37 7
6 8

Front 8

what is the dorsal stream?
multimodal, unimodal
sensory system?
wht kind of info

Back 8

unimodal visual system

**info from RODS about location/movemnt of visual stimuli are carried through the dorsal (M) stream through association cortex areas

**large receptive field
**layer 1 2 LGN
**large M ganglion cells

Area 17 18 middle temporal lobe 7a

Front 9

info from RODS goes to what unimodal association area

what kind of info
what visual foeld
where in LGN
where in 1 cortex
what kind of gang
whaat broadman areas

Back 9

dorsal M stream (up)

**location./movment
**large receptive filed
**layer 1 2
**anterior primary visual
large M ganglion (alpha)
*17 18 middle temproal lobe 7a

Front 10

info from CONES goes to what unimodal association area

what kind of info
what visual foeld
where in LGN
where in 1 cortex
what kind of gang
whaat broadman areas

Back 10

Ventral P (down)

*color
*smaller
*Beta P ganglion cells
**layer 3-6
**from the posterior part of 1 visual field
**17 18 19 37

Front 11

what unimodal stream is associated with the ant/post part of 1 visual field

Back 11

ANT: Dorsal, M stream. Rod info about location/movemnt. Alpha ganglion cells (M), layer 1/2 LGN, projects to 17 18 middle temporal lobe 7a

Posterior: CONES, color. Small receptive field. beta P ganglion cells. Layers 3-6 LGN. projects to 17 18 19 37

Front 12

waht path projects to:
B17 18 19 37
B17 18 middle temorral lobe 7a

Back 12

ventral P (cone), inferior
dorsal (M) Rod, supeior

Front 13

the ventral stream projects where
dorsal

Back 13

Ventral: infeiror 17 18 19 37
Dorsal: superior, 17 18 middle temporal lobe 7a

Front 14

in what part of the cortex are there recognition neurons

Back 14

temporal cortex

Front 15

what is it called when you cant interpret a primary sensation (the sensation itsself if not lost)

Back 15

agnosia

Front 16

what is agnosia

Back 16

the inability to intrepret a sensation

**not a loss of the sensation

Front 17

what is a visual agnosia

Back 17

an object is seen but they cant ID what the obect is

**damage in association areas. 18 19

Front 18

what happens with damage to 19 18

Back 18

visual assocaion cortex areas

**visual agnosia, can no longer intrepret a stimulus

Front 19

what is prosopagnosia

Back 19

specific visual agnosia in which youcant identify a face

Front 20

waht is it called when you cant identify a fae

Back 20

prosopagnosia

Front 21

recognition cells in the temporal cortex respond to what

Back 21

a certain image in a certain orientation

**certain cells are most active with a lateral view of monkey, some were frontal view of monkey. these neurons might fire if they saw a dif species in teh same position

Front 22

so some neurons respond to similar faces, others respond only to a certaion face, where might thse neurons be

Back 22

recognition neurons in the temporal area

Front 23

what what the thing about when some ppl responded to jennifer aniston with lots of dif hairstyles ect bot NOT to jen and brad pitt?

what about the neuron that responded to anything hallie berry, even just her name. but did not respond to images of other females

Back 23

its the recognition neurons in the temporal lobe

Front 24

what lobe is involved with visual recognition

Back 24

temporal lobe

**lots of data to support the idea of recognition neurons

Front 25

what are multimodal association areas of the cortex

Back 25

they integrate info from a few senses and integrate it into a more complete stroy

Front 26

so what is the part of the cortex called that integrates a few different senses

Back 26

multimodal associan cortex

Front 27

the supramarginal and angular g are what types of cortex

Back 27

multimodal association

**integrate info from a few different senses

Front 28

what are 3 diff types of multimodal association cortex areas

Back 28

1. Language (left temporal, frontal, parietal)
2. Spatial Awareness (right parietal)
3. Planning Behavior (frontal B "executive decision maker" L)

Front 29

the language multimodal association area is located where in the brain

Back 29

left temporal
frontal
parital

Front 30

the spatial awareness multimodal area of the brain is located whre

Back 30

right parietal lobe

Front 31

the planning of behaviors (multiodal assocaiton) is does in what area of the brain

Back 31

BL frontal lobes

**executive decision

Front 32

the parietal association cortex is associated with what multimodal fx? what side? deficits lead to what?

Back 32

spatial awareness
right

leision leads to:
1. CL neglect (neglect L side)
2. Loss of spatial awareness
3. Constructional Apraxia
4. Aprosodia

Front 33

aprosodia, constructional apraxia, loss of spatial awareness and CL neglect are all results of what

Back 33

R sided parietal lobe damage

**this is hte multimodal association area that does spatial awareness

Front 34

the L side of the brain is dominante in what?
the R?

Back 34

L: language dominant
R: spatial Awareness

Front 35

in general a leision to the L side of the brain will produce a ____ deficit where a leision to the R side of the brain will cause a ______ deficit

Back 35

language
spatial awareness (CL negelct, loss of spatial awareness, constructional apraxia, aprosodia)

Front 36

what is CL neglect syndrome

Back 36

when you ignore things in your L visual field bc of a R sided parietooccipital leision

Front 37

can we have CL neglect in which we dont attend to things in the R visual field

Back 37

nope, BOTH the R and L parietooccipital areas attend to the R visual field and so one fills in for the otehr with damage

Front 38

damage to what parietooccipital leads to CL neglect

Back 38

Right

**The R parietal attends to Left
**the R and L attends to the R, so no CL R sx

Front 39

if someone denies they have a L arm what might be going on

Back 39

CL neglect

**the R parietooccipital lobe is leisioned
**this Rside of the brain attends to tasks on the L

Front 40

what gyrus is associated with CL neglect

Back 40

Supramarginal
Angular

Front 41

what happens if a pt cant navigate from bed to chair when both are in plain sight

Back 41

loss of spatial awareness

**the parietal assocaition coretx (angular, supramarginal) is damaged on the R

Front 42

loss of spatial awareness can come with a leision to what

Back 42

the R parietal association cortex

Front 43

wht is constructional apraxia, when might you see it

Back 43

cant manipulate objects even through motor fx is intact

**right parietal association cortex damage (also seen is CL neglect, loss of spatial awareness and aprosodia)

Front 44

what happend if you have full motor fx but are inable to manipulate objects in space

Back 44

constructional apraxia

**leision to R parietal association cortex

**seen with CL neglecs, loss of spatial awareness, aprosodia

Front 45

what is aprosodia

Back 45

disorder of affect
Cant express or understand emotion, inflection in language, humor,

**posterior leision: harder time understanding
**anterior: harder time expressing

Front 46

if you have a hard time understanding language inflection, humor, and emotion where might you ahve a leision, whats it called

Back 46

aprosodia

*UNDERSTANDING: posterior R parietal association cortex

Front 47

what is it called when you have a hard time expressing humor, inflection, emotion. where is the leision

Back 47

aprosodia

*EXPRESSING: is a more anterior leision in the R parietal association cortex

Front 48

where are "attention neurons" located

Back 48

R parietal association cortex

**this is what we associate with CL neglect, loss of spatial awareness, constructional apraxia and aprosodia

Front 49

so recognition neurosn were located in teh _____
attention neuros are located ____

Back 49

temporal
R parietal

Front 50

what asspcoation cortex is involved with spatial awareness and attension

Back 50

parietal association cortex (this is why we see the CL neglaec, loss of spatial awareness, constructional apraxia, and aprosidia as deficits and the attention neurons live here)

Front 51

what is the prefrontal association cortex associated with

Back 51

planning of behavior

Front 52

what association cortex is involved with planning behavior

Back 52

prefrontal association cortex

Front 53

what are some characteristics of a leision in the prefrontal association cortex

superolateral
interior
ventromedial

Back 53

this is the behavior planning center:

Superolateral: distractable, stubborn, no ambition, no foresight

Inferioer: emotions are alteres, no sence of responsibility, lact of social appropriatness

Ventromedial: Moral decision

Front 54

what might be leisioned if you are all of a sudden super distractable but also stubborn, not motivated, and lack foresight

Back 54

prefrontal association cortex damage *planning of behavior

**the superiolateral area

**the inferior area gives you a lack of responsibility and inappropriate in social settings

Front 55

what happend to phineas gage, what was leisioned, what did he act like

Back 55

he had a pole shoot through his prefrontal association cortex.

lost his social appropriatness, lost responsibility, distractable, stubborn, lack ambition, lack foresight

Front 56

what happened if you are all of a sudden rude in social settings and lack responsibiilty

Back 56

leision to prefontal areal. altered emotions

*inferior leioins

Front 57

wht did the monkey experiments show when the monkey was shown where the food was, a screen was put up, and then the monkey was able to get the food

Back 57

while the screen was up the prefrontal areas were active. the monkey was PLANNING what his behavior was goind to be.

**once he actedthe prefrontal turned off

Front 58

the ventromedial prefrontal cortex is associated with what

Back 58

moral decision making

Front 59

moral decision making is associated with what area of the brain

Back 59

ventromedial prefrontal cortex area