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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. What is the cerebellum’s job?
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a. Regulation or control of movements, particularly skilled movements
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2. How does the cerebellum regulate movements in a general sense?
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a. It compares actual and intended movements and makes adjustments in the movement
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3. When does the cerebellum affect a motor act?
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a. While it is in progress AND before it is executed
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4. What does the cerebellum consist of?
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a. Cerebellar cortex- superficial mantle of gray matter
b. White Matter (axons going to and from) c. Deep cerebellar nuclei |
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What are the deep cerebellar nuclie?
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i. From lateral to medial they are
1. Dentate 2. Emboliform 3. Globose 4. Fastigial 5. DON’T EAT GREASY FOODS |
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5. What is another name for the Globose+Emboliform nuclei?
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a. Interposed nuclei
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6. How is the cerebellum divided anatomically?
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a. Anterior lobe
b. Posterior lobe c. Flocculonodular lobe |
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7. What separates the anterior lobe from the posterior lobe?
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a. The primary fissure
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8. Which of the lobes is the largest?
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a. Posterior
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9. Which of the cerebellar lobes is smallest?
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a. Flocculonodular
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10. What are the folds in the cerebellum called?
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a. Folia
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11. How many folia are there, and how are they arranged
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a. 10
b. 1 is most anterior, 10 is most posterior |
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12. What is the vermis of the cerebellum?
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a. The piece that lies in the midline of the cerebellum
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13. Where are the cerebellar tonsils located? What is the importance of this location
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a. Dorsal surface of the medulla, where the medulla and the spinal cord meet
b. This is where the foramen magnum is located c. If you get herniation of the tonsils, it will press on the medulla, which will lead to you not being able to breath |
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14. What are the 2 pieces of the floculonodular lobe? Where is it located
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a. It is caudal
b. Made of flocculus and nodule |
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15. What are the axons involved in the pathways associated with the cerebellum called?
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a. Cerebellar peduncles
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How many peduncles are there and what are its/there name?
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i. Superior cerebellar peduncle
ii. Middle cerebellar peduncle iii. Inferior cerebellar peduncle |
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16. What are the 3 functional divisions of the cerebellar cortex
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a. Vestibulocerebellum
b. Spinocerebellum c. Cerebrocerebellum |
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function of the Vestibulocerebellum
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i. Functional term for flocculonodular lobe
1. Has connections with vestibular nuclei 2. Concerned with eye movement and controlling posture and equilibrium via connections with vestibular system |
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function of the Spinocerebellum
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i. Info from GTOs, spindles, joints
ii. Sends projects primarily to the fastigial and interposed nuclei iii. Concerned with control of the movements via descending spinal pathways |
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what is the function of the cerebrocerebellum
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i. Info from cortex, presents to cerebellum to give info about the actual movement and the intended movement
ii. Consists of lateral cerebellar hemispheres iii. Sends projections to dentate nuclei iv. Has extensive thalamocortical projections v. Concerned with distal limb movements via connections with the corticospinal and rubrospinal tracts |
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18. Dentate nucleus is associated with which functional cerebellar division?
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a. cerebro
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19. Interposed nuclei associated with which functional cerebellar division?
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spino
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the vestibular nuclei is associated with which functional cerebellar division?
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vestibulocerebellum
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21. What are the layers of the cerebellar cortex?
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a. 3 layers
i. Deepest=granule ii. Middle=purkinje cell layer iii. Most superficial=molecular layer |
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23. What are the 5 cell types found in the cerebellar cortex? and what do they release?
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i. Purkinje cell (GABA)
i. Stellate and Basket (GABA) i. Golgi (GABA) i. Granule (Glutamate) |
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cell types found in purkinje layer? releasing?
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purkinje cell (GABA)
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cell types found in molecular layer? releasing?
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i. Stellate and Basket
ii. Both release GABA |
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cell types found in granule layer? releasing?
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i. Golgi (GABA)
ii. Granule cell (Glutamate) 1. GranulE-->GlutamatE |
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1. What are the 2 sets of axons that project into the cerebellum?
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a. Mossy fibers and climbing fibers
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25. Where do mossy fibers come from?
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a. Anything that goes into the cerebellum that doesn’t come from the inferior olive
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26. Where do climbing fibers come from?
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a. The inferior olive
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clinical importance of climbing fibers?
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none!
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28. Please give the general cerebellar neuronal circuitry
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a. Input to the cerebellum is excitatory
i. Activates the granule cells and the cerebellar nuclei 1. This activates the Purkinje cells a. Purkinje are inhibitory and project axons to the cerebellar nuclei i. The nuclei project axons out of the cerebellum |
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29. What are the 3 main cerebellar pathways?
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a. Information is coming from:
b. -the vestibular system c. (vestibulocerebellar pathway) d. -from the ascending sensory pathways e. (spinocerebellar pathway) f. -and from the cerebral cortex. g. (cerebrocerebellar pathway) |
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30. What does the Vestibulocerebellar Pathway do?
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a. Gives info about the head movement to the cerebellum
b. This allows it to integrate and process this info c. It can then send axons back down to the vestibular nuclei, allowing the cerebellum to influence the vestibulospinal and vestibulo-ocular tracts |
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31. What is the importance of the Vestibularspinal pathway
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a. nuclei of CN8 effecting leg and neck movements
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32. What is the importance of the Vestiubulo-ocular pathway
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a. Hearing affecting CN 3, 4, 6
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33. Please trace the projections from the vestibular system
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a. The vestibular system projects to the ipsilateral floculonodular lobe, which projects to the ipsilateral fastigial nucleus, which projects bilaterally to the vestibular nuclei.
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