Neuro 4 Anticonvulsants

Front 1

Convulsive disorders are characterized by 4 things what are they?

Back 1

Alteration of consciousness
Convulsive movements
loss of muscle tone
disturbance in feeling/behavior

Front 2

Tonic-clonic, absence, and minor motor seizures are all?

Back 2

Generalized seizures

Front 3

Status epilepticus is what?

Back 3

Continuation of seizures that is very life threatening

Front 4

These seizures have a bird like cry, generalized motor seizures, tonic then clonic, loss ov consciousness, possible bowel anb bladder control loss. HIGH AMPLITUDE

Back 4

Tonic -clonic seizures

Front 5

Alterered state of conciousness lasting only a few seconds. Have blank stare for a few seconds then come back. Have EEG spike and dome 3/sec

Back 5

absence seizures

Front 6

This is a minor motor seizure with loss of back muscle tone so patient falls?

Back 6

Akinetic (atonic)

Front 7

Jackkniffing movements in the seizures?

Back 7

Myoclonic spasms

Front 8

Partial seizures cause what?

Back 8

Alterations in behavior or perception

Front 9

What is a Jacksonian March? what is it associated with?

Back 9

Watch as seizure spreads from the focus of the seizure outward, starts at one part of motor cortex and goes out. Partial seizures

Front 10

Seizures have a synchronous ??? similar to a symphany all playing same note

Back 10

Neural discharge that lowers the firing threshold

Front 11

3 actions of antiseizure meds?

Back 11

Depress epileptic focus by increasing refactory period and decreasing repetitive firing. Inhibition of discharge away from the focus by altering synaptic transmission. REDUCE excitatory NT

Front 12

For excitatory synapses you have drugs act on what?

Back 12

Na channels, Ca channels for depolarization and K for hyperpolar.

Front 13

This the first seizure medication, the problem was that the patients were always sleepy?

Back 13

Pheonobarbital

Front 14

Valproic acid is what?

Back 14

A solvent for other drugs

Front 15

Useful drug for the treatment of absence seizures?

Back 15

Ethosuximide

Front 16

Used for generalized tonic/clonic seizures and for stabalization of status epilepticus. It depresses the membrane exitability by reducing Na conductance, more often used in children than adults. What am I

Back 16

Phenytoin

Front 17

This drug causes an increase in plasma levels?

Back 17

Phenytoin

Front 18

Can cause cleft palate in children and cause gingival hyperplasia and hirsutism, also blood dyscrasias?

Back 18

Phenytoin

Front 19

If you need to increase the dose of this drug it should be done in small increment?

Back 19

Phenytoin

Front 20

Why is phenytoin a good drug?

Back 20

Can be used with other anticonvulsants

Front 21

Blocks Na channel activity and is an anticonvulsant as well as a treatment for cardiac dysrhythmias?

Back 21

Phenytoin

Front 22

This drug is given for iv loading in status epilepticus and is the secondary drug given after lorazepam or diazapa?

Back 22

Fosphenytoin

Front 23

This drug is related to tricyclic antidepressions. Used for treatment of neuropathic pain and generalized tonic/clonic seizures. Inhibbits na conductance and presynaptic txmission?

Back 23

Carbamazepine

Front 24

Causes an aplastic anemia and has an erratic absorption rate?

Back 24

Carbamazepine

Front 25

Cannot use this drug with MAO inhibitors?

Back 25

Carbamazepine

Front 26

This drug causes a decrease of other anticonvulsants by enzyme induction?

Back 26

Carbamazepine

Front 27

This drug is similar to carbamazapine but less toxic and longer acting?

Back 27

Oxcarbazepine

Front 28

Phenobarbital has traditionally been given for what?

Back 28

Febrile seizures in kids

Front 29

Phenobarbitals mechanism is?

Back 29

potentiates GABA (increase Cl and decrease Na conductance=hyperpolarization. Antagonizes glutamate excitatory pathways

Front 30

what inhibits phenobarbital metabolism?

Back 30

Valproic acid

Front 31

What is structurally similar to phenobarbital with action is similar to phenytoin?

Back 31

Primidone

Front 32

The drug is converted to phenobarbital and another active metabolite

Back 32

primidone

Front 33

Give this for uncomplicated absence seizures?

Back 33

Ethosuximide

Front 34

The mechanism for ethosuximide is what?

Back 34

affect Ca channel activity and NT release

Front 35

This decrease ethosuximide metabolism?

Back 35

Valproic acid

Front 36

The drug is given for myoclonic seizures?

Back 36

Valproic acid

Front 37

The mechanism for valproic acid is?

Back 37

Inhibits catabolic enzymes to GABA so Increase GABA, voltage sensitive Na channels, may block the NMDA receptor

Front 38

Can cause sudden liver failure?

Back 38

Valproic acid

Front 39

Valproic acid is used to increase the levels of what 3 things by inhibiting metabolism?

Back 39

Phenobarbital, phenytoin and caramaine

Front 40

Benzodiazepines act thru what for anti seizure meds?

Back 40

GABA

Front 41

This drug is similar to GABA and is the drug of choice for Neuropathic pain and adjunct for partial seizures by reducing glutamate release?

Back 41

Gabapentin

Front 42

Tiagabine iis used for partial and generalized tonic/clonic seizures, blocks GABA uptake transporter?

Back 42

GABAergic agent

Front 43

What is a secondary use for carbamazepine?

Back 43

Treatment of behavioral disturbance of demancia

Front 44

Phenytoins secondary us?

Back 44

Neuropathic pain

Front 45

Gabapentin's secondary use?

Back 45

Nueropathic pain

Front 46

this has been associated with cause spina bifida?

Back 46

Valproic acid