Neuro 36 Cerebellar Anatomy

Front 1

learned sterotyped movementd id controleld by what? what about coordination

Back 1

BN
Cerebellum

**overlap bten the 2, same thalamic nuclei
**overlap with disorders btwn BN nad cerebellar damage

Front 2

what is the input for the cerebe,,um

Back 2

1. mm itself, proprioceptive info. GTO mm spindle

2. brainstem vestibular nuclei

3. Pontine (input from all over NS)

4. Inf olivary nuclei (input from all over NS)

Front 3

doe the cerebellum receive conscious or non conscious info about coordination

Back 3

both

Front 4

pontine, inferior olivary, vestibular, mm

are these inputs or outputs for cerebellum

Back 4

inputs

**cerebellum receives info from here

Front 5

what are the outputs to the cerebellum

Back 5

the brainstem adn thalamus

Front 6

the primary fissure seperates what lobes? the posterolateral fissure seperates what lobes

Back 6

anteior and post
post and floccular nodulas (nodular is central, flocculus is BL)

Front 7

what are the 3 regions of the cerebellum? zone?

Back 7

REGION:
Vermis, paravermis, hemisphere

ZONE:
medial, intermediate, lateral

**specific info in speccific regions

Front 8

what peduncle is made of the restiform and juxtarestiform body? what is carried in each component

Back 8

ICP

Restiform: afferents from SC and medulla

Juxtarestiform: afferent/efferent to/from vestibular nuclei

Front 9

how does info to/fron the vestibular nuclei reach the cerebellum

Back 9

inferioer peduncle, juxtarestiform body

Front 10

info from the SC and medull is carried to the cerebellum via ____

Back 10

restiform body of the ICP

Front 11

does the ICP carry input or output

Back 11

Restiform: input from SC and Medulla ONLY

Justarestiform: in AND OUT from vestibular nuclei

**mixed

Front 12

what pedundle is smuched into the inferomedial corner of the MCP

Back 12

ICP

restiform (input only, SC/Medulla) and juxtarestiform (In/Out, vestibular nuclei)

Front 13

what does the MCP carry

Back 13

afferent (input) from the pontine nuclei

Front 14

info from teh pontine nuclei enters the cerebellum how

Back 14

MCP

Front 15

what peduncle carries the majority of output from the cerebellum

Back 15

SCP

**SOME efferents to the vestibular nuclei via ICP, juxtarestiform

Front 16

what peduncle is straight input

Back 16

middle, input from pontine

*superior is output to VA.VL and red nucleus
*inferior is mixed: juxta is in/out to vestibular. restiform is input from sc/medulla

Front 17

what does the SCP carry

Back 17

output to the VA/VL and red nucleus

Front 18

out put from the cerebellum goes where

Back 18

red nucleus (SCP)
Va/Vl (SCP)
Vestibular nuclei (ICP, juxta)

Front 19

output from the cerebellum to teh VA/VL nad red nucleus is carried in what

Back 19

SCP

Front 20

what 2 cerebellar a are from baisler

Back 20

AICA
SUperiro Cerebellar A

Front 21

what region do they supply, what do they come from
Superior Cerebellar A
AICA
PICA

Back 21

SCA: entire superior surface, medial and lateral from baisler

AICA: posteriolateral surface, from baisler

PICA: posteromedialm, from vertebral

Front 22

the posterior surface of the cerebeullum is supplied by several A, what does lateral? medial? what supplies the superior portion

Back 22

INFERIOR:
Medial: PICA, vertebral
Lateral: AICA, baisler

SUPERIOR:
superior cerebellar A, baisler

Front 23

what are the 3 layers of cerebellar cortex

Back 23

molecular (stains light)

PKJ: thin layer btwn the other two, has PKJ cells that climbing and grnaular cells synapse on. PKJ send info to cerebellar nuclei

Granular: contains the granule cells that mossy fibers synapse on (stains dark)

Front 24

the location of the PKJ determines what?

Back 24

what cerebellar nuclus it will synapse on

Front 25

in what layer are the cerebellar nuclei, where do they receive info from, where do they send info to

Back 25

deep cerebellum

Get info form PKJ cells

Send efferents to vestibular nuclei (juxtarestiform of the ICP) and VL/VA & red nucleus via SCP

Front 26

how do climbing fibers enter the cerebellum

Back 26

ICP

**synapse directly on PKJ
**originate in CL inf olivary nuclei (ICP is afferents from SC nad medulla, inf oliv is included here)

Front 27

what fibers use all 3 cerebellar peduncles to reach the cerebellum

Back 27

mossy

**they originate everywhere (NOT inf olivary, these are resticted to the climbing)

mossy synapse on granular and granular synapse on PKJ

Front 28

what is the only cell type in the cerebellum that has output, whre does that info go? what peduncle

Back 28

PKJ, take info to cerebellar nuclei and then send if out via ICP and SCP

Front 29

what cells are located in teh molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex. is this layer deep or superficial

Back 29

superficial

**basket, stellate, dendrites of PKJ, climbing fibers, parallel cells (axons of granular cells)

Front 30

what cells are found in the granular layer

Back 30

granule
golgi
mossy
climbing
axonk of PJK

Front 31

what is the single unit of the cerebellum

Back 31

folium, seperate cortex into units, increase SA

*similiar to gyri

Front 32

what is the light staining external part of the cortex, what is the dark layer beneath it. are these the only layers of the cortes

Back 32

molecula
granular

**nope, there is a thin layer of pkj fibers in btwn these ones

Front 33

what is deep to the granular layer of the cerebellar cortex

Back 33

subcortical white matter, stains light

Front 34

cell bodies of PJK found in thwat layer, densritesi n what layer axons in what layer

Back 34

Dendrites: molecular
Cell Body: PJK
Axons: Granular

Front 35

where are basket and stellate cells

Back 35

molecular layer

Front 36

what 2 cells in the molecular layer will synapse directly on PKJ cells

Back 36

climbing fibers
Parallel fibers (axons of granule cells)

Front 37

teh cells that receive mossy fiber input are located where

Back 37

granular cells

Front 38

where are golgi cells located

Back 38

granular

Front 39

so the 2 input cells in the cerebellum are

Back 39

mossy: synapse on indirect, from all over

climbing: direct synapse, from inf olivary nuclei (CL)

Front 40

in from the climbing fibers originats where? how does it enter the cerebellum

Back 40

CL inf olivary nuclei,

enter cerebellum Restiform body of ICP

Front 41

what is the relationship btwn climbing fibers, PKJ cells, and synapses

Back 41

1 clumbing will have MANY synaptic contacts on a single PKJ cell, the climbing cell can synapse on many PJK cells

**a single climbing fibers synapses many times on many dif PKJ's

this is a cerebellar afferent

**1

Front 42

when a climbing fiber excites a PKJ what does hte wave look like? waht about a mossy fiber

Back 42

complex spike waveform due to multiple synapses

Mossy: simple spike waveform. less influence

Front 43

so mossy fibers originate where? CL or IL

how do they enter the cerebellum

Back 43

Pontine: CL
Vestibular: IL
Spinocerebellar: IL

enter via all peduncles

Front 44

wht peduncle is used to carry info INTO the cerebellum

Pontine (CL)
Vestibular

Back 44

pontine: MCP
Vestibular: juxta restiform of ICP

Front 45

what type of influence does a mossy fiber have, what does it synapse on

Back 45

one mossy synapses with several granule cells within a single rossette and synapses with several rossettes, so contacts MANY granule cells

Front 46

what is a specific type of mossy fiber

Back 46

spinocerebellar paths

Front 47

what are the 3 spinocerebellar paths and what info do they transmit

Back 47

non conscious proprioception to the cerebellum

1. Anterior
2. Posterior
3, Cuneocerebellar


info about mm tension, mm length, joint angles from GTO and mm spindles

important for mm tone, posture, movemnt

Front 48

what info is in the post spinocerebellar tract? how does it enter cerebellum

Back 48

non conscious proprioception of LE/Trunk

individual mm

enter restifrom body of ICP

Front 49

tell me about how the info from post spinocerebellar is transpitted

Back 49

ascends the SC IL into the nucleus of clarke at T1-L2 nad synapse

**the next neuron ascend IL until it reaches the ICP (restiform) to enter the cerebellum. it is the 2 order neuron that enters. these are the ones that are defines as the tract

Front 50

what spinocerebellar path enters via restiform ICP

Back 50

posterior
cunneo

**these are the annalogous paths for the UE and LE. the ant uses SCP

Front 51

what is the analogous path to the posterior spinocerebellar. tell me more about it

Back 51

cunneocerebellar

**carries non conscious about single mm from UE (post was LE). both carry IL info, the anteiro carries CL info that then corsses at the pons so that what enters the cerebellum is IL

Front 52

what does the 1 order neuron in teh cunneocerebellar do? 2 order

Back 52

1 order, has peripheral process with mm spindle, GTO. C2-T4 and ascend to lateral cunneate nucleus for synapse

2 order:
from the lateral cunneate nucleus it asccents IL and enters the cerebellum via restiform (same as posterior) of ICP

Front 53

does the cunneocerebellar synapsein the SC? does the post? what about ant?

Back 53

cunneo: nope, medulla accessory cunneate

post: yep, dorsal clarke of nucles

They both then enter via restiform ICP (note, the 2 order neuron that travels in ICP is considered the TRACT)

ANTERIOR: different story, synapse at L3-L5 in spinal border and then goes midline so the ant carries CL info. info then corsses at pons and cerebellum gets IL info via SCP

Front 54

what neuron is considered to be the sunneocerebellar TRACT

Back 54

the 2 order neuron who goes from accessory nucleus into the cerebellum via restiform of ICP

Front 55

do the cunneo and post spinocerebellar carry CL or IL info

Back 55

both do IL

the anteiror carries info CL but then crosses again in brainstem such that the cerebellum receives IL info

Front 56

what is the spinocerebellar path that carries info about GROUPS of mm?

Back 56

anterior

GORUPS of mm from LE for specific movemnt

Front 57

tell me about the 1 and 2 neurons for the ant spinocerebellar path (what leves is 1st order)

Back 57

1st
enters at L3/L5 and synapses on spinal border cells

2
cross midline at ant white commissure and info is carries CL in the ant spinocerebellar tract
*the 2 order neuron then crosses at the pons and reach the cerebellum via SCP

Front 58

in the pons where are the ant spinalcerebellar nerve fibers crossing

Back 58

well when we see SCP int eh pont fibers are located in the posterolateral area, the fibers then cross posteriorly about the big white pool and enter the CL SCP

Front 59

waht fibers are located in teh post part of the pons, right behind the big white pool

Back 59

the anteiro spinocerebellar 2 order neurosn as they cross midline to enter the CL SCP

**recall the 1 order neuron synapsed in the ant white commussire so the cerebellum is receiving IL info

Front 60

all info reaches what cell type in the cerebellum regardless of if it came from inf olivary nuclei, vestibular, spinocerebellar etc

Back 60

PKJ cells

Front 61

what is teh orientation of the PKJ cells? saggital, transverse? in what plane can we see parallel fibers

Back 61

int eh PKJ layer sandwiched btwn the molecular and granular

**in saggital plane they you can see dendrites, in the transverse view they look like skinny little lines.

Parallel fibers seen in transverse plane, this is when the PKJ cant see its dendritic tree

Front 62

in a transvere plane can you see the dendritic tree of PKJ? can you see anyhting else

Back 62

nope
can see parallel fibers (axons of granular cells)

saggital view can see dendrites

Front 63

what are the cerebellar nuclei from medial to lateral

Back 63

Fastigial
Globose
Embolliform
Dentate

Front 64

so the OKJ cells located ____ will synapse in what cerebellar nucleus

Medial ZOne
Intermediate Zone
Lateral Zone

Back 64

Medial: fastigial
Intermediate: globos, embolose
Lateral: Dentate

Front 65

info from PKJ cells exits the cerebellum how

Back 65

synapse with cerebellar nuclei and then via ICP and SCP

MCP is afferent only

Front 66

PKJ cells where in teh cortex project to the fastigial nucleus, how do they leave the cerebellum

Back 66

input from medial zone. vermis and nodulus

leave via juxtarestifom of ICP to go to vvestibular nad reticular formation BL

Front 67

PJK cells where in the cortex will project to the emboliform adn globos? how does this info leave the cerebellum?

Back 67

from intermediate zone, paravermis

leaves via SCP to CL red nucleus

Front 68

PLK from where in teh cortex project to the dentate nucleus. How does info leave the cerebellum, where does it go?

Back 68

lateral zone, hemisphere and flocculus

exits in SCP and does to the CL thalamus

Front 69

info that goes to _____ came from this cerebellar nucleu

Fastigial:
Globos/Emboliform:
Dentate:

Back 69

Fastigial: vestibular nuclei, reticular formation BL (justarestiform)

Globos/Embiloform: CL red nucleus (SCP)

Dentate: CL thalamus (VA/VL via SCP)

Front 70

what cells use GABA

Back 70

PKJ
Basket
Stellate
Golgi

inhibitory

Front 71

what use ASPARTATE, GLUTAMATE

Back 71

climbing, cerebellar efferent

GLUT: mossy, granule, cerebeller efferent

**excitatory

Front 72

so we know some use GABA some use GLUT some use ASPRTATE, all of the inputs are what?

Back 72

Excitatory, either glut or aspartate

**granule, mossy or clumbing all excite PKJ

**the rest are inhibitory, including te PKJ themselves

Front 73

what do PKJ cells release (NT)

Back 73

GABA

Front 74

how does non conscious proprioception from the face enter the cerebellum

Back 74

trigeminocerebellar path

1 neuron in mesencephalic nucleus, and form the mesencephalic tract of CN5

Front 75

where are the cell bodies of the 1 neurons of non conscious proprioception of the face

Back 75

mesencephalic nucleus.

ONLY SENSORY OF CNS

**the central process then goes many places

Front 76

what isthe ONLY sensory gang in CNS

Back 76

mesencephalic, cell bodies for non conscious proprioception of the face

**central processes go lots of places, one of which is SCP

Front 77

where is the mesencephalic tract/nucleus

Back 77

in teh pons, located posterior to the trigeminal motor/sensory