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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the classification of Levodopa?
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Dopamine metabolite (ie dopamine precursor)
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Levodopa is used with? why?
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- Carbidopa
- decreases the amount Ldopa required because it decreases the metabolism (decarboxylation) - increases the amount that gets into the brain |
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What are teh 2 classifications of drugs that inhibit dopamine metabolism?
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1. MAO-B Inhibitor
2. COMT Inhibitor |
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What is the rational in using anticholinergic disease?
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Inbalance between dopamine and ACh
- hypokinesia can be due to the loss of dopamine or the increase in ACh (hyperkinesia is the opposite) |
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What is the worst/most common side effect of Levodopa?
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- dyskinesia (opposite effect of Parkinson)
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What are teh 2 MAO-B Inhibitors for Parkinsons?
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- Selegiline
- Rasagiline |
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What is a bad side effect of selegiline, why does this occur?
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- hallucinations, insomnia
- amphetamine metabolite |
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What are the good/bad effects of rasagiline?
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Good: not amphetamine metabolite
Bad: serotonin syndrome |
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What are teh 2 COMT inhibitors for Parkinson? side effects?
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-Entacapone and Tolcapone
-Both: alter liver functions |
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What is the difference btw Entacapone and Tolcapone?
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- Tolcapone gets through the BBB
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What are teh pharmodynamis of Pramipexole and Ropinirole, why do they work?
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- work on D3 and D2 receptors (can work alone)
- Works the same way as dopamine (dopamine agonist) |
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What are the side effects of Pramipexole and Ropinirole?
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- sudden onset of sleep
- increase compulsiveness |
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What differentiates Pramipexole and Ropinirole
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- Ropinirole - cyt p450 system
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How do centrally acting antimuscarinics work? 2 examples?
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block muscarinic receptors in the brain
-Trihexyphenidyl and Benztropinine |
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Trihexyphenidyl and Benztropinine good/bad effects
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- good for tremor
- bad: not very effective, anticholinergic side effects (dry mouth, tachycardia) |
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What is Amantadine classified under?
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- antiviral
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What are the 3 mechanisms of Amantadine?
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1. enhance DA release
2. anti- muscarinic 3. inhibit NMDA-mediated ACh release |
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Why is Amantadine not very effective?
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- high tolerance
- slow onset |
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What is the various treatments for Huntington disease?
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1. Tetrabenazine
2. Antipsychotics 3. GABA agonists (Baclofen) |
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What is the balance of ACh and DA for Hungtinton disease?
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- Decrease ACh and Increase DA (opposite parkinsons)
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