Networking Terms Ch.5

Front 1

The IEEE specification in Project 802 for the Logical Link Control (LLC) sublayer of the OSI model's Data Link layer

Back 1

802.2

Front 2

The IEEE specification in Project 802 for Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) networks (more commonly called "Ethernet"). Ethernet users can attempt to access the medium any time it's perceived as "quiet", but they must back off and try to transmit again if they detect any collisions after transmission begins

Back 2

802.3

Front 3

The IEEE specification in Project 802 for token ring LANs, which map a circulating ring structure onto a physical star and circulate a token to control access to the medium

Back 3

802.5

Front 4

The IEEE specification in Project 802 for wireless networks.

Back 4

802.11

Front 5

The IEEE specification that covers emerging standards for wireless personal area networks (WPANs)

Back 5

802.15

Front 6

The IEEE specification that covers wireless metropolitan area networks (MANs).

Back 6

802.16

Front 7

In the context of the Network layer and routing, the process whereby a router consults a list of rules before forwarding an incoming packet. The rules determine whether a packet meeting certain criteria (such as source and destination address) should be permitted to reach the intended destination

Back 7

access control

Front 8

Layer 7 in the OSI reference model provides interfaces that enable applications to request and receive network services.

Back 8

Application layer

Front 9

Data frames with destination addresses that specify that all computers on a network must read and process these frames

Back 9

broadcast frames

Front 10

A mathematical recipe that generates a specific value, called a checksum, based on a frame's contents. This is calculated twice, once before transmission and again on receipt.

Back 10

Cyclical Redundancy Check (CRC)

Front 11

Layer 2 in the OSI reference model is responsible for managing access to the networking medium and ensuring error-free delivery of data frames from sender to receiver

Back 11

Data Link layer

Front 12

The frame component that's the actual data being sent across a network. The size of this section can vary from less than 50 bytes to 16KB, depending on the network type.

Back 12

data section

Front 13

The process of stripping the header from a PDU as it makes its way up the communication layers before being passed to the next higher layer

Back 13

decapsulation

Front 14

The process of adding header information to a PDU as it makes its way down the communication layers before being passed to the next lower layer

Back 14

encapsulation

Front 15

The representation of 0s and 1s as a physical signal, such as electrical voltage or a light pulse

Back 15

encoding

Front 16

A process designed to regulate information transfer between a sender and a receiver. _________ is often necessary when there's a speed differential between sender and receiver.

Back 16

flow control

Front 17

The basic unit for network traffic as it travels across the medium. Data is broken into these smaller, more manegeable pieces for faster, more efficient delivery.

Back 17

frame

Front 18

Information added to the end of the data being sent in a frame; it generally contains error-checking information, such as the CRC.

Back 18

frame trailer

Front 19

Information added to the beginning of data being sent, which contains, among other things, addressing and sequencing information.

Back 19

frame header

Front 20

The internationl standards-setting body based in Geneva, Switzerland, that sets worldwide technology standards.

Back 20

International Organization for Standardization

Front 21

The functional subdivisions of the OSI reference model.

Back 21

layers

Front 22

The upper usblayer of the IEEE Project 802 model for the Data Link layer of the OSI model. It handles error-free delivery and controls the flow of frames between sender and receiver across a network.

Back 22

Logical Link Control (LLC)

Front 23

The lower sublayer of the IEEE Project 802 model for the Data Link layer of the OSI model. It handles access to network media and mapping between logical and physical network addresses for NICs.

Back 23

Media Access Control (MAC)

Front 24

Frames that use a special destination address so that any computer listening for this address can read and process the frame's data.

Back 24

multicast frames

Front 25

Layer 3 of the OSI reference model handles addressing and routing PDUs across internetworks in which sender and receiver must traverse multiple networks.

Back 25

Network layer

Front 26

The family of ISO standards developed in the 1970s to facilitate functionality of networking services among dissimilar computers on a global scale. The OSI initiative was unsuccessful, owing to a fatal combination of an all-inclusive standards-setting effort and a failure to develop standard protocol interfaces to help developers implement its manifold requirements.

Back 26

Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)

Front 27

ISO Standard 7498 defines a frame of reference for understanding networks by dividing the process of network communication into seven layers. Each layer is defined in terms of the services and data it handles on behalf of the layer directly above it and the services abd data it needs from the layer directly below it.

Back 27

OSI reference model

Front 28

Layer 1, the bottom layer of the OSI reference model, transmits and receives signals and specifies the physical details of cables, adapter cards, connectors, and hardware behaviour.

Back 28

Physical layer

Front 29

At Layer 6 of the OSI reference model, data can be encrypted and/or compressed to facilitate delivery. Platform specific-application formats are translated into generic data formats for transmission or from generic data formats into platform-specific application formats for delivery to the Application layer.

Back 29

Presentation layer

Front 30

The IEEE effort that produced the collection of 802 networking specifications and standards.

Back 30

Project 802

Front 31

A unit of information passed as a self-contained data structure from one layer to another on its way up or down the network protocol stack.

Back 31

protocol data unit (PDU)

Front 32

A family of related protocols in which higher layer protocols provide application services and request handling facilities, and lower-layer protocols manage the intricacies of Layers 1 to 4 in the OSI reference model.

Back 32

protocol suite

Front 33

A software component that intercepts requests for service from a computer and redirects requests that can't be handled locally across the network to a networked resource that can handle the request.

Back 33

redirector

Front 34

A Network-layer service that determines how to deliver an outgoing packet of data from sender to receiver. Routing entails several methods for managing delivery and requires error and status reporting so that senders can determine whether packets are reaching the receivers.

Back 34

routing

Front 35

Logical interface points used to transfer information from the LLC sublayer to upper OSI layers.

Back 35

Service Access Points (SAPs)

Front 36

Layer 5 of the OSI reference model is responsible for setting up, maintaining, and ending ongoing sequences of communications (called _______) across a network.

Back 36

Session layer

Front 37

Layer 4 of the OSI reference model is responsible for fragmenting large PDUs from the Session layer for delivery across the network, inserting integrity controls, and managing delivery mechanisms to allow for error-free reassembly on the receiving end of a network transmission.

Back 37

Transport layer

Front 38

A data frame addressed to a single recipient.

Back 38

unicast frame