Networking Terms

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Computer Network

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a collection of computers and other hardware devices that are connected together to share hardware, software and data

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Mobile Phones

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used to make phone calls on the go

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Cellular Phone

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A portable phone that can be used while on the go

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Satellite Phone

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A mobile phone that gets its signal via satellites

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Dual-Mode Phones

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Can utilize more than one network, such as placing calls using a cellular and a Wi-Fi Network.

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Global Positioning System (GPS)

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Used to track positions around the world

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Videoconferencing

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allow two or more locations to communicate by simultaneous two-way video and audio transmissions.

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Telecommuting

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remote work, or telework is a work arrangement in which employees do not commute to a central place of work

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Telesurgery

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the ability for a doctor to perform surgery on a patient even though they are not physically in the same location.

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Telemedicine

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the use of telecommunication and information technologies in order to provide clinical health care at a distance

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Wired Networks

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Physically connected networks

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Wireless networks

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devices are connected via wireless signals

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Star Network

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is a local area network (LAN) in which all nodes (workstations or other devices) are directly connected to a common central computer

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Bus Network

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A bus network is an arrangement in a local area network (LAN) in which each node (workstation or other device) is connected to a main cable or link called the bus.

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Mesh Network

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A mesh network is a network topology in which each node relays data for the network

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Personal Area Networks (PANs)

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Connect the devices around an individual

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Local Area Networks (LANs)

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Connect geographically close devices

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Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs)

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provide internet access to cities

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Wide Area Networks (WANs)

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span wide geographical areas

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Intranets

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Private Networks that implement the infrastructure of the internet and the WWW

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Extranets

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Private networks accessible to authorized outsiders

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Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)

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used to transfer private information over a public communications system.

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Analog Signals

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where data is sent as continuous waves

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digital signals

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where data is coded as 0s and 1s

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Serial Transmissions

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the process of sending data one bit at a time, sequentially, over a communication channel or computer bus

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parallel transmissions

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the method of transferring blocks, eg: BYTEs, of data at the same time

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twisted pair

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cabling is a type of wiring in which two conductors of a single circuit are twisted together for the purposes of canceling out electromagnetic interference

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Coaxial

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a type of cable that has an inner conductor surrounded by a tubular insulating layer, surrounded by a tubular conducting shield.

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Fiber-Optic Cable

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Transparent glass or plastic fibers which allow light to be guided from one end to the other with minimal loss

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Cellular Radio

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send and receive data via cell towers

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Microwave stations

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send and receive data via microwave signals

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communication satellites

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send and receive data via satellite stations

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TCP/IP

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The protocol used with the internet

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Ethernet

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the most common standard of wired networks

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Wi-Fi

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The most common network type for homes and businesses. Uses medium ranged wireless transmissions.

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WiMAX

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is used when a Wi-Fi network needs to have a longer range

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Wi-Fi direct cables

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allow Wi-Fi devices to be connected directly without addtional hardware

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Bluetooth

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used for very short range applications, such as keyboards and mice

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WiGig

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a technology based on the IEEE 802.11ad specification that can support data transfer speeds of up to 7Gbps (Gigabits per second), which is ten times faster than the 802.11n WiFi standard.

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ultra wideband

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a communications technology that employs a wide bandwidth (typically defined as greater than 20% of the center frequency or 500MHz).

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Wireless HD

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Wireless transmission of HD Video Content

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Wireless USB

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wireless version of USB technology used to connect peripherals to a computer

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Transfer Jet

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used to transfer data between devices when they are touched together

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Network adapter

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Allows a computer to connect to a network

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Network interface Card

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A network adapter when it is in the form of an expansion card

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Modem

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used to connect to a network Via telephone lines

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Switch

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Used to connect multiple (usually wired) devices to a network

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Routers

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connect multiple devices together

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Wireless routers

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Usually include a Router, switch and a wireless access point to connect wired and wireless devices to a network

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Wireless access point

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allows wireless devices to connect to the network

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Bridge

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used to connect two LANs or a wired device to a wireless network

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Repeaters

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Repeat the signal coming into a network

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Range extenders

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help boost the range of the network

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Antennas

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extend the access point of a router, thus increasing it's range.