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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ethernet Basics |
-The most common layer 1 technology -created in 1972 -xerox corp (also invented GUI and mouse, but gave away technology to Steve Jobs) -referred to as IEEE 802.3 standards -Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers -10Base2 thinnet, 10Base5 thicknet, and rarely seen today |
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Token Ring |
Deterministic media access
Determines who has access |
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Ethernet |
Contentious
all devices have equal right to access
determines access based on CSMA/CD |
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Carrier Sense |
a device connected to an ethernet network can listen to the wire, prior to transmission and will not transmit if it detects traffic |
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Multiple Access |
aka multi-access
indicates all devices simultaneously have access to the network segment |
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Collision Detection |
if a collision occurs (two devices hear no traffic and transmit simultaneously) the devices detect the collision, back off and resend after a random length pause |
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Backoff Timer |
The technology that allows devices to try retransmission at varying time to avoid new collisions.
-Switches remove the need for CSMA/CD because each port is a collision domain, network can run full-duplex, traffic in both directions at the same time. |
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BIT |
Basic representation item for all data
- 0 or 1 - absence of voltage or light pulse equals a "Zero" - presence of voltage or light pulse equals a "1" |
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Standard Ethernet |
10 Mbps |
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Fast Ethernet |
100 Mbps
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Gigabit Ethernet |
1000Mbps or 1Gbps |
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10 Gigabit Ethernet |
10 Gbps |
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100 Gigabit Ethernet |
100 Gbps |
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Table 4-2 (exclude 1000Base LH and ZX fiber and 100Gbase standards) |
BLANK |
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Switches Cont. |
learns MAC addresses of devices connected to each port |
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VLANs |
Creates separate broadcast domains on the same switch by employing logical addressing scheme.
- same switch, different subnets |
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Trunks |
Allow traffic from multiple VLANs to travel over a single connection
- Trunking standard 802.1Q add 4 bytes of data to logically route ethernet frames |
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Spanning Tree protocol (STP) |
Strategically blocks data from flowing through switches endlessly by preventing looping
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Root Bridge |
switch that acts as a reference point for the spanning tree |
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Non-Root Bridege |
all other switches |
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4 States of a Switch |
Blocking Listening Learning Forwarding |
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Link Aggregation |
Combines physical connections into a single logical connection |
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PoE |
Power over Ethernet
- allow same cable that carries data to provide power to the device |
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Port Monitoring |
captures packets and stores them for analysis
- ex: WireShark - aka network sniffer |
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Port Mirroring |
Makes copies of traffic sent to one port and sends it to another for monitoring |
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User authentication |
can be enforced by some switches using 802.1x standard |
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Supplicant |
device that wants network access |
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Authenticator |
forwards request to authentication server for verification |
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Authentication Server |
verifies credentials and notifies authenticator |
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Default Gateway |
next hop router
- 1st choice of designation for unknown addresses |
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10Base2 |
185 meters |
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Collision Domain |
is a set of network interface cards (NICs) for which a frame sent by on NIC could result in a collision with a frame sent by any other NIC in the sames network segment |
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Broadcast Domain |
is a set of NICs for which a broadcast frame sent by one NIC will be received by all other NICs in the same broadcast domain |
