Network And Transmission

Front 1

LAN Transmission Protocol

Back 1

Facilitate proper communication on a network.
CSMA - Carrier Sense Multiple Access - Ethernet communication continuously monitors the access medium. Verify the absence of carrier signal before transmitting to share medium.
CSMA- CA - CSMA with Collision avoidance. Attached via coaxial cables. 1 receives and 1 transmits. Only sent in 1 direction. 802.11 uses this protocol.
CSMA-CD - CSMA- Collision Detection - monitors network continuously and only transmit when clear. If collision occurs sends jam signal to other nodes. Used in 802.3
Polling - System configures as primary and secondary. Secondary cannot transmit without primary check at intervals.
Token Passing - transmit after receiving token.

Front 2

WAN Technologies

Back 2

SDLC- used in networks with leased lines. Polling to connect. Supports Loop or hub go ahead
ATM- Breaks data into fixed system cell.
HDLC - Can provide both connectionless and connection center. Both Duplex and full communication lines. Bit oriented data link. 32 bit check sum.
SMD5 - Is a packet switched data gram uses cooper or fiber physical media supports 1.544 p to 44.736.
Switching - Breaks data into packets that can pass through different devices before running. Virtual connection with acts like a dedicated link between the sender and the receiver.

Front 3

LAN

Back 3

Bridges, Repeaters, Gateways, Routers, Access Servers, Switches, Star, Bus, Ring

Front 4

WAN

Back 4

Hub and Spoke
Point to Point
Partial Mesh
CSU, Multiplexer, Modem, Terminal Adapters, Access Servers

Front 5

Network Topology

Back 5

Ring Topology - connected by a unidirectional transmission link. Closed Loop. Single Point of failure.
Bus - All system nodes connect to a single cable. Data packets travel through entire communication line. sed in Ethernet networks. 2 types 1. Linear all attached to 1 cable. 2. A tree topology main cable has branches, Vulnerable to collision and single point of failure.

Front 6

Ethernet

Back 6

10 Base 2 - Thinnest use coaxial cable with maximum 185 meters and 10 Mbps.
10 Base 5 - Thixnet. Thicker coaxial cable. 500 meters 10 Mbps.
10 Base T - Twisted pair cable. 100 meters. Star topology. 10 Mbps. RJ45.
Fast Ethernet - 100 Base T - 100 Mbps. Twisted pair CSMA/CD
Gigabit Ethernet - 1 Gbps backbone. Excess 100 meter require fiber copper
It can use coaxial
Based on CSMA CD
Supports Full duplex
Broadcast collision
Uses CSMA - CD protocol to access physical medium uses coaxial or twisted pair cable. System in bus or star topology.

Front 7

Media Access Technology

Back 7

FDDI - high speed 1000 Mpbs token pass fiber. Uses fiber optic cables. Provides fault tolerance by implementing a second counter ring. Used in backbone.
Token Ring - Implemented sing a star wire ring technology. Allows only one system to communicate. uses beaconing mechanism to troubleshoot network problems.
ARCnet - earliest LAN slow but reliable. Uses token passing technology. Star wired bus topology uses coaxial or fiber cable as physical medium.
Ethernet - most widely used on LAN
C - uses a star wide bus technology

Front 8

HDLS

Back 8

High Level Data Link developed by ISO.
NRM - secondary station waits for primary. 1 node designated as primary.
ARM - Secondary initiates from primary
ABM - can act as primary or secondary station
Provide option for 32 bit check sum. Does not support loop or go ahead.
LAPB - 7 allows bit oriented synch commnication. Perform packet operates

Front 9

SDLC

Back 9

Synchronous Data Link used with dedicated or lease a IBM development. Synchronous bite driven support Peer to Peer and multipoint. Polling media access.
Point to Point - 2 access points. 1 primary and 1 secondary
Multipoint - More than two points. 1 primary and 1 secondary.
Loop - 1 primary multiple secondary in loop technology
Hub go ahead - inbound and out bond channels

Front 10

Switches

Back 10

Similar to bridge and hub allow connectivity of multiple devices.
- Data Link Layer (2)
- Data packets and to MAC Address
- Separates collision domain
- Maintain same broadcast domain

Front 11

Routers

Back 11

Network layer
Decision made base on IP address
Separate collision and broadcast domain

Front 12

Bridge

Back 12

Amplify data Signal, but makes intelligent decisions
- Data Link Layer
- Track MAC address
- FWD all broadcast Traffic

Front 13

Hubs and Repeaters

Back 13

- Physical Layer
- Amplifies the data to extend segment length
- No added intelligence
- Device exist with in same broadcast and domain collision