Network+ Acronyms 2

Front 1

ESP

Back 1

Encapsulating Security Payloads (Packets)

Hint 1

Provides confidentiality, data-origin authentication, connectionless integrity, an anti-replay service (a form of partial sequence integrity), and limited traffic-flow confidentiality.

Front 2

ESSID

Back 2

Extended Service Set Identifier

Hint 2

Each set of wireless devices communicating directly with each other is called a basic service set (BSS). Several BSSs can be joined together to form one logical WLAN segment, referred to as...

Front 3

EUI

Back 3

Extended Unique Identifier

Hint 3

The IEEE trademarked name for a MAC address.

Front 4

FC

Back 4

Fibre Channel

Hint 4

A high-speed network technology (commonly running at 2-, 4-, 8- and 16-gigabit per second rates) primarily used to connect computer data storage.

Front 5

FDM

Back 5

Frequency Division Multiplexing

Hint 5

A technique by which the total bandwidth available in acommunication medium is divided into a series of non-overlapping frequency sub-bands, each of which is used to carry a separate signal. This allows a single transmission medium such as the radio spectrum, a cable or optical fiber to be shared by multiple independent signals.

Front 6

FHSS

Back 6

Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum

Hint 6

A method of transmitting radio signals by rapidly switching a carrier among many frequency channels, using a pseudorandomsequence known to both transmitter and receiver.

Front 7

FM

Back 7

Frequency Modulation

Hint 7

The encoding ofinformation in a carrier wave by varying the instantaneous frequency of the wave.

Front 8

FQDN

Back 8

Fully Qualified Domain Name

Hint 8

Specifies its exact location in the tree hierarchy of the Domain Name System (DNS). It specifies all domain levels, including the top-level domain and the root zone.

Front 9

FTP

Back 9

File Transfer Protocol

Hint 9

Used to transfer computer files between a client and server on a computer network.

Front 10

FTPS

Back 10

File Transfer Protocol Security

Hint 10

An extension to the commonly used File Transfer Protocol (FTP) that adds support for the Transport Layer Security (TLS) and the Secure Sockets Layer(SSL) cryptographic protocols.

Front 11

GBIC

Back 11

Gigabit Interface Converter

Hint 11

A standard for transceivers, commonly used with Gigabit Ethernet and fibre channel in the 2000s. By offering a standard, hot swappable electrical interface, one gigabit port can support a wide range of physical media, from copper to long-wave single-mode optical fiber, at lengths of hundreds of kilometers.

Front 12

Gbps

Back 12

Gigabits Per Second

Front 13

GPG

Back 13

GNU Privacy Guard

Hint 13

A free software replacement for Symantec's PGPcryptographic software suite.

Front 14

GRE

Back 14

Generic Routing Encapsulation

Hint 14

A tunneling protocol developed by Cisco Systems that can encapsulate a wide variety of network layer protocols inside virtual point-to-point links over an Internet Protocolnetwork.

Front 15

GSM

Back 15

Global System for Mobile communications

Hint 15

A standard developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) to describe the protocols for second-generation (2G) digital cellular networks used by mobile phones, first deployed in Finland in July 1991. As of 2014 it has become the default global standard for mobile communications - with over 90% market share, operating in over 219 countries and territories.

Front 16

HDLC

Back 16

High-level Data Link Control

Hint 16

A bit-oriented code-transparent synchronous data link layer protocol developed by the (ISO).

Front 17

HDMI

Back 17

High Definition Multimedia Interface

Hint 17

A proprietary audio/video interface for transferring uncompressed video data and compressed or uncompressed digital audiodata from an HDMI-compliant source device, such as a display controller, to a compatiblecomputer monitor, video projector, digital television, or digital audio device.

Front 18

HIDS

Back 18

Host Intrusion Detection System

Hint 18

An intrusion detection system that monitors and analyzes the internals of a computing system as well as (in some cases) the network packets on its network interfaces (just like a network-based intrusion detection system (NIDS) would do).[1] This was the first type of intrusion detection software to have been designed, with the original target system being the mainframe computer where outside interaction was infrequent.[

Front 19

HIPS

Back 19

Host Intrusion Prevention System

Hint 19

An installed software package which monitors a single host for suspicious activity by analyzing events occurring within that host.

Front 20

HSPA

Back 20

High-speed Packet Access

Hint 20

An amalgamation of two protocols, (HSDPA) and (HSUPA), that extends and improves the performance of existing 3G mobile telecommunication networks utilizing the WCDMA protocols.

Front 21

HSRP

Back 21

Hot Standby Router Protocol

Hint 21

Establishes a framework between network routers in order to achieve default gateway failover if the primary gateway becomes inaccessible, in close association with a rapid-converging routing protocol like EIGRP or OSPF.

Front 22

HT

Back 22

High Throughput

Hint 22

Gigabit Ethernet has this.

Front 23

HTTP

Back 23

Hypertext Transfer Protocol

Hint 23

TCP port 80

Front 24

HVAC

Back 24

Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning

Hint 24

The technology of indoor and vehicular environmental comfort. Its goal is to provide thermal comfort and acceptableindoor air quality. HVAC system design is a subdiscipline of mechanical engineering, based on the principles of thermodynamics,fluid mechanics, and heat transfer.Refrigeration is sometimes added to the field's abbreviation as HVAC&R or HVACR, (heating,ventilating and air-conditioning & Refrigeration) or ventilating is dropped as in HACR (such as the designation of HACR-ratedcircuit breakers).

Front 25

Hz

Back 25

Hertz

Hint 25

One cycle per second.

Front 26

IaaS

Back 26

Infrastructure as a Service

Hint 26

Online services that abstract the user from the details of infrastructure like physical computing resources, location, data partitioning, scaling, security, backup etc.

Front 27

IANA

Back 27

Internet Assigned Numbers Authority

Hint 27

A department of ICANN, a nonprofit private American corporation that oversees global IP address allocation, autonomous system number allocation, root zonemanagement in the Domain Name System (DNS), media types, and other Internet Protocol-related symbols and numbers.

Front 28

ICA

Back 28

Independent Computer Architecture

Hint 28

Has the unique ability to separate the application's logic from the user interface at the server and transport it to the client over standard network protocols-IPX, SPX, NetBEUI, TCP/IP and PPP-and over popular network connections-asynchronous, dial-up, ISDN, Frame Relay and ATM.

Front 29

ICANN

Back 29

Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers

Hint 29

A nonprofit organization that is responsible for coordinating the maintenance and methodologies of several databases, with unique identifiers, related to the namespaces of the Internet - and thereby, ensuring the network's stable and secure operation.

Front 30

ICMP

Back 30

Internet Control Message Protocol

Hint 30

One of the main protocols of the internet protocol suite. It is used by network devices, like routers, to send error messages indicating, for example, that a requested service is not available or that a host or router could not be reached. ICMP can also be used to relay query messages.

Front 31

ICS

Back 31

Internet Connection Sharing or Industrial Control System

Hint 31

The use of a device with Internet access such as 3G cellular service, broadband via Ethernet, or other Internet gateway as an access point for other devices.

OR

A general term that encompasses several types of control systems used in industrial production, including supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems, distributed control systems (DCS), and other smaller control system configurations such as programmable logic controllers (PLC) often found in the industrial sectors and critical infrastructures.

Front 32

IDF

Back 32

Intermediate Distribution Frame

Hint 32

Cross-connects the user cable media to individual user line circuits and may serve as a distribution point for multipair cables from the main DF or combined DF to individual cables connected to equipment in areas remote from these frames.

Front 33

IDS

Back 33

Intrusion Detection System

Hint 33

A device or software application that monitors network or system for malicious activities or policy violations and produces electronic reports to a management station.

Front 34

IEEE

Back 34

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

Hint 34

A professional association with its corporate office in New York City and its operations center in Piscataway, New Jersey. It was formed in 1963 from the amalgamation of theAmerican Institute of Electrical Engineers and the Institute of Radio Engineers. Today, it is the world's largest association of technical professionals with more than 400,000 members in chapters around the world. Its objectives are the educational and technical advancement of electrical and electronic engineering, telecommunications, computer engineering and allied disciplines.

Front 35

IGMP

Back 35

Internet Group Multicast Protocol

Hint 35

Multicast or management?

Front 36

IGP

Back 36

Interior Gateway Protocol

Hint 36

A type of protocol used for exchanging routing information between gateways (commonly routers) within an autonomous system (for example, a system of corporate local area networks). This routing information can then be used to route network-layer protocols like IP.

Front 37

IKE

Back 37

Internet Key Exchange

Hint 37

(IKE orIKEv2) is the protocol used to set up a security association (SA) in the IPsec protocol suite. IKE builds upon the Oakley protocol and ISAKMP. IKE uses X.509 certificates for authentication - either pre-shared or distributed using DNS (preferably with DNSSEC) and a Diffie–Hellman key exchange- to set up a shared session secret from which cryptographic keys are derived. In addition, a security policy for every peer which will connect must be manually maintained.

Front 38

IMAP4

Back 38

Internet Message Access Protocol version 4

Hint 38

An email protocol which is sometimes used instead of the POP3 protocol. With IMAP4 email is stored on the mail server and can be accessed from any IMAP4 email client on the network. With POP3 email is downloaded to the mail client where it is accessed.

Front 39

InterNIC

Back 39

Internet Network Information Center

Hint 39

(NIC), also known as InterNIC from 1993 until 1998, was the internet governing body primarily responsible for domain name allocations and X.500 directory services. From its inception in 1972 until October 1, 1991, it was run by the Stanford Research Institute (now known asSRI International), and led by Jake Feinler. From October 1991 until September 18, 1998, it was run by Network Solutions. Thereafter, the responsibility was assumed by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN).

Front 40

IP

Back 40

Internet Protocol

Hint 40

The principal communications protocol in the Internet protocol suite for relaying datagrams across network boundaries. Its routing function enables internetworking, and essentially establishes the Internet. IP has the task of delivering packets from the source host to the destination host solely based on the IP addresses in the packet headers. For this purpose, IP defines packet structures that encapsulate the data to be delivered. It also defines addressing methods that are used to label the datagram with source and destination information.

Front 41

IPS

Back 41

Intrusion Prevention System

Hint 41

Are network security appliances that monitor network and/or system activities for malicious activity. The main functions of intrusion prevention systems are to identify malicious activity, log information about this activity, attempt to block/stop it, and report it.

Front 42

IPsec

Back 42

Internet Protocol Security

Hint 42

A protocol suite for secure Internet Protocol (IP) communications by authenticating and encrypting each IP packet of a communication session. IPsec includes protocols for establishing mutual authentication between agents at the beginning of the session and negotiation of cryptographic keys to be used during the session.

Front 43

IPv4

Back 43

Internet Protocol version 4

Hint 43

IPv4 is a connectionless protocol for use on packet-switched networks. It operates on a best effort delivery model, in that it does not guarantee delivery, nor does it assure proper sequencing or avoidance of duplicate delivery. These aspects, including data integrity, are addressed by an upper layer transport protocol, such as the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP).

Front 44

IPv6

Back 44

Internet Protocol version 6

Hint 44

By 1998, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) had formalized the successor protocol. IPv6 uses a 128-bit address, theoretically allowing 2128, or approximately 3.4×1038 addresses.

Front 45

ISAKMP

Back 45

Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol

Hint 45

A protocol defined by RFC 2408 for establishingSecurity Associations (SA) and cryptographic keys in an Internet environment. ISAKMP only provides a framework for authentication and key exchange and is designed to be key exchange independent; protocols such asInternet Key Exchange and Kerberized Internet Negotiation of Keys provide authenticated keying material for use with ISAKMP. For example: IKE describes a protocol using part of Oakley and part of SKEME in conjunction with ISAKMP to obtain authenticated keying material for use with ISAKMP, and for other security associations such as AH and ESP for the IETF IPsec DOI.

Front 46

ISDN

Back 46

Integrated Services Digital Network

Hint 46

A set of communication standardsfor simultaneous digital transmission of voice, video, data, and other network services over the traditional circuits of the public switched telephone network.

Front 47

IS-IS

Back 47

Intermediate System to Intermediate System

Hint 47

A routing protocol designed to move information efficiently within a computer network, a group of physically connected computers or similar devices. It accomplishes this by determining the best route for datagrams through a packet-switched network.

Front 48

ISP

Back 48

Internet Service Provider

Hint 48

An organization that provides services for accessing, using, the Internet. Internet service providers may be organized in various forms, such as commercial, community-owned, non-profit, or otherwise privately owned.Internet services typically provided by ISPs include Internet access, Internet transit,domain name registration, web hosting,Usenet service, and colocation.

Front 49

IT

Back 49

Information Technology

Hint 49

Is the application of computers to store, retrieve, transmit and manipulate data,[1] often in the context of a business or other enterprise.[2] IT is considered a subset of information and communications technology (ICT).

Front 50

ITS

Back 50

Intelligent Transportation System

Hint 50

Advanced applications which, without embodying intelligence as such, aim to provide innovative services relating to different modes of transport and traffic management and enable various users to be better informed and make safer, more coordinated, and 'smarter' use of transport networks.

Front 51

IV

Back 51

Initialization Vector

Hint 51

Or starting variable (SV)[1]is a fixed-size input to a cryptographic primitive that is typically required to berandom or pseudorandom. Randomization is crucial for encryption schemes to achievesemantic security, a property whereby repeated usage of the scheme under the same key does not allow an attacker to infer relationships between segments of the encrypted message. For block ciphers, the use of an IV is described by so-called modes of operation. Randomization is also required for other primitives, such as universal hash functions and message authentication codesbased thereof.

Front 52

Kbps

Back 52

Kilobits Per Second

Front 53

KVM (switch)

Back 53

Keyboard Video Mouse

Hint 53

A hardware device that allows a user to control multiple computers from one or more[1] sets of keyboards, video monitors, andmice. Although multiple computers are connected to the KVM, typically a smaller number of computers can be controlled at any given time. Modern devices have also added the ability to share other peripherals like USBdevices and audio.

Front 54

L2F

Back 54

Layer 2 Forwarding

Hint 54

Is a tunneling protocol developed by Cisco Systems, Inc. to establish virtual private network connections over the Internet. L2F does not provideencryption or confidentiality by itself; It relies on the protocol being tunneled to provideprivacy. L2F was specifically designed to tunnel Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) traffic.

Front 55

L2TP

Back 55

Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol

Hint 55

A tunneling protocol used to support virtual private networks (VPNs) or as part of the delivery of services by ISPs. It does not provide any encryption or confidentiality by itself. Rather, it relies on an encryption protocol that it passes within the tunnel to provide privacy.

Front 56

LACP

Back 56

Link Aggregation Control Protocol

Hint 56

Provides a method to control the bundling of several physical ports together to form a single logical channel. LACP allows a network device to negotiate an automatic bundling of links by sending LACP packets to the peer (directly connected device that also implements LACP).

Front 57

LAN

Back 57

Local Area Network

Hint 57

A group of computers and associated devices that share a common communications line or wireless link to a server. Typically, a LAN encompasses computers and peripherals connected to a server within a small geographicarea such as an office building or home.

Front 58

LC

Back 58

Local Connector

Front 59

LDAP

Back 59

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol

Hint 59

A directory service protocol that runs on a layer above the TCP/IP stack. It provides a mechanism used to connect to, search, and modify Internet directories. The LDAP directory service is based on a client-server model.

Front 60

LEC

Back 60

Local Exchange Connector

Front 61

LED

Back 61

Light Emitting Diode

Front 62

LLC

Back 62

Logical Link Control

Hint 62

The upper sublayer of the data link layer (layer 2) of the seven-layer OSI model. The LLC sublayer provides multiplexing mechanisms that make it possible for several network protocols (IP, IPX, Decnet and Appletalk) to coexist within a multipoint network and to be transported over the same network medium. It can also provide flow control and automatic repeat request (ARQ) error management mechanisms.

Front 63

LTE

Back 63

Long Term Evolution

Hint 63

A standard for wireless communication of high-speed data for mobile phones and data terminals. It is based on the GSM/EDGE and UMTS/HSPAnetwork technologies, increasing the capacity and speed using a different radio interface together with core network improvements.

Front 64

LWAPP

Back 64

Light Weight Access Point Protocol

Front 65

MAC

Back 65

Media Access Control or Medium Access Control

Hint 65

The lower sublayer of the data link layer (layer 2) of the seven-layer OSI model. The MAC sublayer provides addressing and channel accesscontrol mechanisms that make it possible for several terminals or network nodes to communicate within a multiple accessnetwork that incorporates a shared medium, e.g. an Ethernet network. The hardware that implements the MAC is referred to as a media access controller.

Front 66

MAN

Back 66

Metropolitan Area Network

Hint 66

A computer network larger than a local area network, covering an area of a few city blocks to the area of an entire city, possibly also including the surrounding areas.

Front 67

Mbps

Back 67

Megabits per second

Front 68

MBps

Back 68

Megabytes per second

Front 69

MDF

Back 69

Main Distribution Frame

Hint 69

A signal distribution framefor connecting equipment (inside plant) to cables and subscriber carrier equipment (outside plant). The MDF is a termination point within the local telephone exchangewhere exchange equipment and terminations of local loops are connected by jumper wires at the MDF.

Front 70

MDE

Back 70

Media Dependent Interface

Front 71

MDIX

Back 71

Media Dependent Interface Crossover

Hint 71

The interface (both physical and electrical) in a computer network from a physical layer implementation to the physical medium used to carry the transmission.

Front 72

MGCP

Back 72

Media Gateway Control Protocol

Hint 72

A signaling and call control communications protocol used in Voice over IP (VoIP) systems. It implements the media gateway control protocol architecture for controlling media gateways on Internet Protocol (IP) networks connected to the public switched telephone network (PSTN). The protocol is a successor to the Simple Gateway Control Protocol (SGCP) and the Internet Protocol Device Control (IPDC).

Front 73

MIB

Back 73

Management Information Base

Hint 73

A database used for managing the entities in a communication network. Most often associated with the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), the term is also used more generically in contexts such as in OSI/ISO Network management model.

Front 74

MIBS

Back 74

Management Information Bases

Front 75

MIMO

Back 75

Multiple Input Multiple Output

Hint 75

A method for multiplying the capacity of a radio link using multiple transmit and receive antennas to exploit multipath propagation. MIMO has become an essential element of wireless communication standards including IEEE 802.11n (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.11ac (Wi-Fi), HSPA+ (3G), WiMAX (4G), and Long Term Evolution (4G). More recently, MIMO has been applied to power-line communication for 3-wire installations as part of ITU G.hn standard and HomePlug AV2 specification.

Front 76

MLA

Back 76

Master License Agreement

Front 77

MLA

Back 77

Multilateral Agreement

Front 78

MMF

Back 78

Multimode Fiber

Hint 78

A type of optical fiber mostly used for communication over short distances, such as within a building or on a campus. Typical multimode links have data rates of 10 Mbit/s to 10 Gbit/s over link lengths of up to 600 meters (2000 feet) — more than sufficient for the majority of premises applications.

Front 79

MOU

Back 79

Memorandum Of Understanding

Hint 79

Describes a bilateral or multilateral agreement between two or more parties. It expresses a convergence of will between the parties, indicating an intended common line of action. It is often used in cases where parties either do not imply a legal commitment or in situations where the parties cannot create a legally enforceable agreement. It is a more formal alternative to a gentlemen's agreement.

Front 80

MPLS

Back 80

Multi-Protocol Label Switching

Hint 80

A type of data-carrying technique for high-performance telecommunications networks that directs data from one network node to the next based on short path labels rather than long network addresses, avoiding complex lookups in a routing table.

Front 81

MS-CHAP

Back 81

Microsoft Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol

Hint 81

Used as one authentication option in Microsoft's implementation of the PPTP protocol for virtual private networks. It is also used as an authentication option with RADIUS[2] servers which are used for WiFisecurity using the WPA-Enterprise protocol. It is further used as the main authentication option of the Protected Extensible Authentication Protocol (PEAP).

Front 82

MSA

Back 82

Master Service Agreement

Hint 82

A contract reached between parties, in which the parties agree to most of the terms that will govern future transactions or future agreements. A master agreement permits the parties to quickly negotiate future transactions or agreements, because they can rely on the terms of the master agreement, so that the same terms need not be repetitively negotiated, and to negotiate only the deal-specific terms.

Front 83

MSDS

Back 83

Material Safety Data Sheet

Hint 83

An important component ofproduct stewardship and occupational safety and health. and spill-handling procedures. SDS formats can vary from source to source within a country depending on national requirements.

Front 84

MT-RJ

Back 84

Mechanical Transfer-Registered Jack

Hint 84

A type of fiber connector.

Front 85

MTU

Back 85

Maximum Transmission Unit

Hint 85

The largest size packet or frame, specified in octets (eight-bit bytes), that can be sent in a packet- or frame-based network such as the Internet.

Front 86

MUMIMO

Back 86

Multiple User Multiple Input Multiple Output

Hint 86

A set of multiple-input and multiple-outputtechnologies for wireless communication, in which a set of users or wireless terminals, each with one or more antennas, communicate with each other.

Front 87

MX

Back 87

Mail Exchanger

Hint 87

A type of resource record in the Domain Name System that specifies a mail server responsible for accepting email messages on behalf of a recipient's domain, and a preference value used to prioritize mail delivery if multiple mail servers are available.

Front 88

NAC

Back 88

Network Access Control

Hint 88

An approach to computer security that attempts to unify endpoint security technology (such as antivirus, host intrusion prevention, and vulnerability assessment), user or system authentication and network security enforcement.

Front 89

NAS

Back 89

Network Attached Storage

Hint 89

A file-levelcomputer data storage server connected to a computer network providing data access to a heterogeneous group of clients.