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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what's the basic cellular rhythm for a cortical neuron?
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T-current (calcium) depolarizes cell then inactivates; increased calcium turns on potassium current which pulls membrane potential back down; hyperpolarization activates HCN channel which slowly begins depolarization of cell again; this initial depolarization activates the T-current ==> and so on...
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what determines the "firing mode" of the thalamocortical neuron?
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resting membrane potential
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name the two firing modes of thalamic neurons
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spiking (most depolarized)
bursting (most hyperpolarized) "Spiking is sweet... bursting means its broken..." |
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name the thalamic nucleus most important in INHIBITING and synchronizing thalamocortical neurons
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thalamic reticular nucleus (has projection from thalamocortical neurons and project to/inhibits thalamocortical cells)
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as the reticular nucleus inhibits the thalamocortical cells through feedback inhibition, what happens?
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as you inhibit/hyperpolarize the cells, you allow T currents to be activated for further depolarization of the cells - this allows for action potentials
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what are the sleep stages?
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WHEN YOU'RE AWAKE=ALPHA WAVES...at first you're drowsy, then you enter into..
STAGE 1 sleep - THETA activity = EEG looks a little slower (eyes are closed, easy to wake up), muscles relax, sometimes twitch STAGE 2 - harder to wake up - SLEEP SPINDLES generated bw thalamocortical and cortical neuron SLOW WAVE deep sleep - (1-3 Hz) = DELTA WAVES ... hard to wake up! REM stage - very hard to wake them up from sleep. EEG looks a lot like waking EEG. most memorable dreaming occurs in this stage with muscular atonia to prevent them from physically acting out scenes from vivid dreams |
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Why do we not move like crazy and act out our dreams during REM sleep (since our brains are really active)?
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we have REM-induced atonia and our skeletal muscles remain inactive and atonic (active inhibition)
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where are the 2 lesion that could abolish REM-atonia?
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- midline lesions at pontomedullary jxn
- ventral midbrain lesions |
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what is one reason that SSRIs decrease REM sleep?
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during REM, the raphe nucleus(that releases serotonin) is supposed to be on low neuronal activity. however, if SSRIs cause inc in level of serotonin then it's hard to reach that level of REM sleep
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from waking through stage 4 sleep, the avg EEG frequency becomes progressively FASTER/SLOWER
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slower
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