Nervous System Illness Symptoms - Pathophysiology

Front 1

Lack or loss of memory; the inability to remember past experiences.

Back 1

amnesia

Front 2

Defect or loss of the power of expression, especially speech, but also writing or signing, or of comprehending either spoken or written language due to an injury or disease of the brain.

Back 2

aphasia

Front 3

The loss of the ability to carry out familiar, purposeful movements in the absence of paralysis or another motor or sensory impairment.

Back 3

apraxia

Front 4

A coarse, slow, nonrhythmic movement, usually of the outstretched hands, but also other muscle groups when there is sustained contraction of them.

Back 4

asterixis

Front 5

liver flap =

Back 5

asterixis

Front 6

manner or style of walking =

Back 6

gait

Front 7

A form of dyskinesia marked by ceaseless slow, sinuous, writhing movements, especially of the hands (picture a pianist just before he touches the keys, but slower) which is involuntary.

Back 7

athetosis

Front 8

A psychomotor disturbance usually (but not always) associated with schizophrenia. It can take on different forms and severity, including a decrease in reactivity to the environment, resistance to all instructions or attempts to be moved, maintenance of a rigid posture, excited, uncontrollable and purposeless motor activity, or the assumption of bizarre fixed postures.

Back 8

catatonia

Front 9

A burning pain due to injury of a peripheral nerve

Back 9

causalgia

Front 10

headache =

Back 10

cephalalgia

Front 11

The ceaseless occurrence of a wide variety of rapid, highly complex, jerky, dyskinetic movements that appear to be well coordinated, but are performed involuntarily.

Back 11

chorea

Front 12

A violent jar or shock to the brain or the condition which results from such an injury

Back 12

concussion

Front 13

A violent, involuntary contraction or series of contractions of the usually voluntary muscles. Sometimes used interchangeably with seizure.

Back 13

convulsion

Front 14

illness interchangeable, sometimes, with convulsion

Back 14

seizure

Front 15

An acute mental syndrome characterized by a reduced ability to maintain attention to external stimuli, disorganized thinking, rambling and incoherent speech, a reduced level of consciousness, incorrect sensory perceptions, disorientation to time, place, or person, and memory impairment. This is a reversible condition.

Back 15

delirium

Front 16

A false belief that is firmly maintained despite irrefutable evidence to the contrary and in spite of members of the culture not sharing the belief. For example, an individual experiencing delusions might believe that he or she is a famous person.

Back 16

delusion

Front 17

An organic mental syndrome characterized by a loss of intellectual abilities, including impairment of memory, judgment, and abstract thinking, as well as changes in personality. This does not include functional lapses due to depression or clouding of consciousness as in delirium. It is caused by a large number of conditions, some reversible and some progressive, which cause widespread cerebral damage. The most common cause is Alzheimer disease.

Back 17

dementia

Front 18

most common cause of dementia is what disease

Back 18

Alzheimer disease

Front 19

A process whereby specific internal mental contents, such as memories, ideas, feelings, and perceptions, are lost to conscious awareness and become unavailable to voluntary recall. This is a defense mechanism where such mental processes are separated from the rest of a person's mental activity in order to avoid emotional distress.

Back 19

dissociation

Front 20

Slurring and inappropriate phrasing during speech, as well as the inability to control speech volume due to disturbances of muscular control. This is a result of central or peripheral nerve damage.

Back 20

dysarthria

Front 21

inability to perform rapid alternating movements.

Back 21

dysdiadochokinesia

Front 22

Impairment of speech, specifically lacking coordination and ability to arrange words in their proper order.

Back 22

dysphasia

Front 23

Disquiet, restlessness, malaise.

Back 23

dysphoria

Front 24

Brief, small, irregular twitches of muscle visible through the skin, caused by a single motor filament.

Back 24

fasciculations

Front 25

A sense perception without a source in the external world. The perception of an object or sound when no such object or sound exists.

Back 25

hallucination

Front 26

2 most common hallucinations

Back 26

audio and visual

Front 27

Sleep disorders consisting of the need for excessive amounts of sleep or causing extreme drowsiness when awake. This can be either psychogenic in origin, have an organic cause involving the nervous system, or be related to medication or drug use

Back 27

hypesomnolence

Front 28

Abnormally decreased sensitivity, particularly to touch.

Back 28

hypesthesia

Front 29

Diminished tone of the skeletal muscles

Back 29

hypotonia

Front 30

The formation of a mental concept or image

Back 30

ideation

Front 31

Formulating thoughts about harming or killing someone else

Back 31

homicidal ideation

Front 32

Formulating thoughts about harming or killing oneself.

Back 32

suicidal ideation

Front 33

inability to sleep

Back 33

insomnia

Front 34

A vague feeling of bodily discomfort and fatigue

Back 34

malaise

Front 35

A brief, lightning-like contraction of a muscle, a portion of a muscle, or a group of muscles. This occurs in normal healthy people as they fall asleep.

Back 35

myoclonus

Front 36

diaphragmatic myoclonus =

Back 36

hiccup

Front 37

Loss or impairment of motor function or sensation in a body part.

Back 37

paralysis

Front 38

The term used to describe behavior characterized by systematic delusions of persecution, delusions of grandeur, or a combination of the two.

Back 38

paranoia

Front 39

In general this is a gross impairment in the capacity for sexual activity between adult human partners.
There are different types of paraphilia, and they are much more predominant in males. The major paraphilias include: fetishism, transvestism, pedophilia, exhibitionism, voyeurism, masochism, and sadism.

Back 39

paraphilia

Front 40

The use of physical objects as the preferred method of producing sexual excitement (such as shoes).

Back 40

fetishism

Front 41

The dressing by heterosexual males in female clothing.

Back 41

transvestism

Front 42

A preference for sexual activity with prepubescent children.

Back 42

pedophilia

Front 43

Repetitive acts of exposing the genitals to an unsuspecting stranger for sexual excitation.

Back 43

exhibitionism

Front 44

Looking at unsuspecting people who are naked, undressing, or engaging in sexual activity for the purpose of sexual excitation

Back 44

voyeurism

Front 45

The intentional participation in an activity in which the individual is physically harmed or the individual's life is threatened in order to produce sexual excitement. Examples would be humiliation, bondage, or whipping.

Back 45

masochism

Front 46

The inflicting of physical or psychologic harm or suffering on a sexual partner as a method of stimulating sexual excitement or orgasm.

Back 46

sadism

Front 47

Slight or incomplete paralysis.

Back 47

paresis

Front 48

An abnormal touch sensation such as burning, pricking, or feeling that something is crawling over your skin when no external stimulus is present.

Back 48

paresthesia

Front 49

A test in a physical examination to determine the presence of carpal tunnel syndrome.

Back 49

Phalen maneuver

Front 50

A sense or perception, usually at a subconscious level, of the movements and position of the body and especially its limbs, independent of vision; this sense is gained primarily from input from sensory nerve terminals in muscles and tendons (muscle spindles) and the fibrous capsule of joints combined with input from the vestibular apparatus.

Back 50

proprioception

Front 51

With feet approximated, the subject stands with eyes open and then closed; if closing the eyes increases clumsiness in movement or gait, a loss of proprioceptive control is indicated, and the sign is positive.

Back 51

Romberg test

Front 52

An area of lost or depressed vision within the visual field, generally surrounded by normal vision. This is also used in psychiatry as mental scotoma or a figurative blind spot, wherein the patient has no insight into his or her problems.

Back 52

scotoma

Front 53

used in psychiatry, a figurative blind spot means

Back 53

mental scotoma

Front 54

Literally this means a sudden attack or recurrence of a disease. It is often used interchangeably with the term convulsion.

Back 54

seizure

Front 55

Characterized by loss of consciousness and alternate muscular contraction and relaxation in rapid succession. The contraction and relaxation is called clonus; tonic is the restoration of normal muscle tone. (Also called a grand mal seizure.)

Back 55

tonic-clonic

Front 56

tonic-clonic seizure -

Back 56

grand mal seizure

Front 57

alternate muscular contraction and relaxation in rapid succession

Back 57

clonus

Front 58

restoration of normal muscle tone

Back 58

tonic

Front 59

Brief generalized seizures, manifested by a 10–30 second loss of consciousness with eye or muscle flutterings either with or without the loss of muscle tone, but without clonic activity. (Also called a petit mal seizure.)

Back 59

absence seizure

Front 60

petit mal seizure =

Back 60

absence seizure

Front 61

sleepiness =

Back 61

somnolence

Front 62

A lower level of consciousness. The patient responds only to vigorous stimulation.

Back 62

stupor

Front 63

In psychiatry it is used to describe a disorder marked by reduced responsiveness

Back 63

stupor

Front 64

An involuntary, compulsive, repetitive movement, usually involving the face or shoulders.

Back 64

tic

Front 65

A tingling sensation in the distal end of a limb when percussion is made over the site of a nerve. This is used to determine the presence of carpal tunnel syndrome.

Back 65

Tinel sign

Front 66

An involuntary trembling or quivering.

Back 66

tremor

Front 67

An illusory sense that either the environment or one's own body is revolving. It is mistakenly used synonymously with dizziness.

Back 67

vertigo