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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where are the meninges located?
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Between bone and soft tissues of the cranium and brain, and between the vertebral column and spinal cord.
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What are meninges?
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Membranes.
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What is the outermost meninge?
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Dura mater.
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What meninge forms the periosteum of the skull?
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Dura mater.
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What meninge folds inward and forms protective partitions between lobes of the brain?
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Dura mater.
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What meninge continues into the vertebral column and forms a sheath around the spinal cord?
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Dura mater.
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Where is epidural space located?
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Between vertebrae and sheath (dura mater)
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What does the subarachnoid space between Dura and Pia Mater contain?
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Cerebrospinal fluid.
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Where can you find cerebrospinal fluid?
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In the subarachnoid space between the Dura and Pia mater.
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What meninge has many thin nerves and blood vesels?
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Pia Mater.
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What meninge nourishes cells of the brain and spinal cord?
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Pia mater.
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Approximately how long is the spinal cord?
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18 inces.
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Where does the spinal cord begin?
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Where tissue leaves the cranial cavity; at the foramen magnum of occiptal lobe.
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What gives white matter its color?
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Myelin sheaths on nerve fibers.
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What does white matter have that gray matter does not?
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Myelinated sheathes.
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Where is white matter located on the spinal cord?
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Outside.
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What are the three regions of white matter that are divided by gray matter?
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Anterior funiculi, lateral funiculi, posterior funiculi
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What is the major function of the white matter?
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Form major ascending and descending tracts carrying signals to and from the brain.
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What does gray matter lack that white matter has?
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Myleninated sheathes.
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What is the innter material of gray matter composed of?
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Neurons.
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What does the pattern of gray matter resemble?
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An upside down butteryfly.
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If the gray matter resembles a butteryfly, what are the wings called?
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Horns.
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What do the posterior horns control?
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Sensory from somatic and visceral. (To the CNS from skin, skeletal muscle, and organs)
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What do the anterior horns control?
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Motor to somatic. (From the CNS to the skeletal muscle and skin)
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What do the lateral horns control?
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Visceral motor. (From the CNS to the organs)
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What is in the middle of the spinal cord that connects wings of gray matter on the left and right side?
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Gray Commissure.
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What is in the central canal?
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Cerebrospinal fluid.
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How many segments give rise to a pair of spinal nerves>
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31 segments.
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What do words that describe descending tracts end with?
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-spinal. E.G. Rubrospinal, corticospinal, etc.
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At what vertebrae does the spinal cord end at?
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Around L1-L2.
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What are enlargements?
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Gray matter in larger segments that deal with senory and motor control of limbs.
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Where does the cervical enlargement send nerves?
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The pectoral girdle and arms.
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Where does the lumbar enlargemnet send nerves?
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The pelvis and lower limbs.
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Where is the conus medullaris?
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Inferior to the lumbar enlargment.
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What does the conus medullaris' fibers extend to form?
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The lumbar and sacral nerves.
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Where is the filum terminale?
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Inferior to the conus medullaris, a thin cord of connective tissue, extends into the coccyx.
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What two words best describe a reflex?
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Automatic and subconcsious.
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Why do we have reflexes?
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To respond to stimulus to maintain homeostasis.
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What is two functions of the spinal cord?
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1.) Connective network between brain and PNS.
2.) Coordinating center for a reflex arc. |
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What do words describing ascending nerve tracts always end with?
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A brain region's name. E.G. Spinothalmic, Spinocerebellar, etc.
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