Nervous System I And Ii

Front 1

efine: CNS ; Brain

Back 1

spinal cord

Front 2

Define: PNS

Back 2

peripheral ganglia

Hint 2

Nerves projecting in and out of brain and spainal cord

Front 3

Cell organelles contained in soma

Back 3

rough ER (Nissl substance), nucelus, Golgi, mitochnodria, cytokeleton

Front 4

Cytoskeleton of neurons contains ____ ; Microtubules

Back 4

microfilaments

Front 5

Multipolar neuron

Back 5

Many dendrites and an axon or two

Front 6

Bipolar neuron

Back 6

one axon and one dendrite (retina of eye)

Front 7

Gray matter has ___

Back 7

Abudnance of neuron cell bodies; some myelin

Front 8

OGD structure ; Footlike projections

Back 8

have nodes of Ranvier

Front 9

Mononuclear Phagocyte system ; includes microglial cells along with monocytes

Back 9

macrophages

Front 10

efine: CNS

Back 10

Brain, spinal cord, optin nerve, retina

Front 11

Define: PNS

Back 11

Nerves projecting in and out of brain and spainal cord, peripheral ganglia, communicating nerves b/t ganglia (also includes autonomic NS)

Front 12

Define: Dendrite

Back 12

Carry impuleses toward the body

Front 13

Define: Axon

Back 13

Carries nerve impulses away from the body

Front 14

Cell organelles contained in soma

Back 14

Nucleus, rough ER (Nissl substance), Golgi appartus, cytoskeleton

Front 15

Cytoskeleton of neurons contains ____

Back 15

Microtubules, microfilaments, neurofilaments

Front 16

Define axon hillock

Back 16

Pyramidal portion of soma where it joins with axon

Front 17

Function of Axon Hillock

Back 17

Sums all dendritic impulses and results in prpopgation down axon

Front 18

Anterograde Flow/what provides energy for it?

Back 18

Organelles made in soma are transported down axon driven by ATPas

Front 19

Kinesin

Back 19

Microtubule associated protein associated with anterograde flow

Front 20

Retrograde flow

Back 20

Carries endocytic vesicles from axon back to soma for reloading with neurotransmitters

Front 21

Dynein

Back 21

Micritubule associated protein associated with retrograde transport

Front 22

Multipolar neuron

Back 22

Many dendrites, an axon or two

Front 23

Bipolar neuron

Back 23

One axon, one dendrite (retina of eye)

Front 24

Pseudiunipolar neuron

Back 24

Sensory neurons in dorsal root ganglia

Front 25

Gray matter

Back 25

Abudnance of neuron cell bodies, some myelin, glia

Front 26

White matter

Back 26

Contains mostly myelin and glia (few neurons)

Front 27

Dorsal (posterial) horn

Back 27

Sensory neurons receive input from neurons with cell bodies in dorsal root ganglia and dendrites on end organs

Front 28

Ventral (anterior horn)

Back 28

Motor neurons sending out axons to innervate skeletal muscle

Front 29

Glia cells outnumber nerve cells by about ___

Back 29

10:1

Front 30

Myelin is produed by ______

Back 30

Glia-insulates

Front 31

Myelin consists of

Back 31

multiple layers iof glia cell membranes wrapped around neural processes

Front 32

Gaps in myelin are: __________

Back 32

Nodes of Ranvier

Front 33

Purpose of myelin

Back 33

Speed conduction velocity of impulses

Front 34

Myelin in the PNS is produced by

Back 34

Schwan cells

Front 35

Myelin in PNS is found around

Back 35

Axons of motor neurons and dendrites

Front 36

Myelin in PNS consists of:

Back 36

Many layers of Schwan cells wrapped around axon

Front 37

Myelin in PNS grows by:

Back 37

Ellongation of the mesoaxon

Front 38

Gaps between Schwan cells are called

Back 38

Nodes of Ranvier (axon exposed to ECF)

Front 39

Define: Schmidt-Langerman incisures

Back 39

conical defects in myelin filled with Schwan cell cytoplasm to noursih myelin

Front 40

Unmylenated nerves have a _____ conduction velocity

Back 40

slower

Front 41

Unmyelinated nerves are associated with _____ cells

Back 41

Schwann

Front 42

Unmylenated nerves do/do not have multiple layers of Schwan cells

Back 42

Do not

Front 43

Myelin in the CNS is produced by

Back 43

Oligodendroglia (OGD)

Front 44

OGD structure

Back 44

Footlike projections, have nodes of Ranvier

Front 45

Gray matter contains ___________ astrocytes

Back 45

protoplasmic

Front 46

White matter contains __________ astrocytes

Back 46

fibrous

Front 47

What plays a role in regulating the blood brain barrier?

Back 47

Tight junctions at vascular epithelium

Front 48

Define: Microglia

Back 48

Small PHAGOCYTES that perform immune syrveillance in CNS

Front 49

Microglia are part of the

Back 49

Mononuclear phagocyte system

Front 50

Mononuclear Phagocyte system

Back 50

includes microglial cells along with monocytes, macrophages, Kupfer cells, BONE MARROW derivatives

Front 51

Define: sattelite

Back 51

Surround neurons in ganglia

Front 52

Function of satellite cells

Back 52

Perhaps functionally isolate or support neurons

Front 53

Location of satellite cells

Back 53

Autonamic ganglia and dorsal root ganglia

Front 54

Define: Muller cell

Back 54

In neural retina supports retinal neurons

Front 55

Define: Bergman glia

Back 55

Provide migratory pathways for developing neurons in brain

Front 56

Define: Ependymal cell

Back 56

Cuboidal-columnar cell that line lumen (central canal of spinal corn and ventricles in brain) of CNS

Front 57

What structures are on ependymal cells?

Back 57

Apical cilia and microvili

Front 58

Ependymal cells are remants of?

Back 58

Proliferative neuroepithelium that produced spinal cord and brain