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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is gaba produced from?
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glutamic acid by glutamic acid decarboxylase
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what does GABAa receptor modulate?
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postsynaptic inhibition through chloride channels which cause the cell to hyperpolarize
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how does GABAb cause inhibition?
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GABAb is coupled to G proteins that causes GABA to remain bound to the presynaptic channel through the inhibition of calcium influx
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how do indirect GABA agonists assist the GABA receptors?
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they bind to allosteric sites on the GABA receptor and cause a confirmational change which allows the GABA lignad to bind to the receptor more efficiently? but they only act in the presence of GABA
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which drugs can act as indirect GABA agonists? opens the CL channel without the presence of GABA ligand
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propofol, etomidate, barbiturates
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what is the toxidrome with benzo overdoes?
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CNS depression
normal vitals flaccid areflexic coma nystagmus |
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what is the overdose drug for bezos?
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flumazenil
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what are the theraputic uses of the barbiturates?
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refractory alcohol withdrawl
anesthesia refractory seizures decrease ICP |
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what are the side effects of the overdoes syndromes?
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CNS depression
hypotension bradycardia apnea or hypoventilation hypothermia nystagmus flaccid areflexix coma |
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what do you give the patient for barbiturates?
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intibation for apnea
fluids for hypotension vasopressors (epinephrine) urinary alkalinization (ion trapping) |
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baclofen is used as an intrathecal pump and can cause what problem?
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seizures
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what is the major complication in opioid overdose?
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apnea
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which sympathomimetic causes the release of stored neurotransmitter?
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amphetamine
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what is the toxidrome for sympathomimetics?
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tachycardia
hypertension hyperthermia diaphoresis (sweating) mydriasis psychomotor agitation |
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what does sodium channel blockade cause to the QRs?
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widening because it takes longer for the cell to reach excitation
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how does cocaine cause sympathomimetic effects?
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through sodium channel blockade
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what is cocaine metabolized to and is detected on the urine drug screen?
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benzolecgonine
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what is the treatment for methemphetamine toxicity?
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benzos for deep sedation
cooling for hyperthemia sodium bicarbonate for wide QRs complexes NO BETA BLOCKERS IN COCAINE THOUGH because you will have alpha unopposed |
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what are the clinical manifestations of methylxanthine toxicity?
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VOMITING
nausea tachycardia (BETA 1 agonist) tachypnea hypotension (BETA 2 agonist) tremor seizures rhabdomyolysis hypokalemia metabolic acidosis hypocalcemia |
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what do you treat a patient with methylxanthine toxicity?
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activated charcoal
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what do you treat chloral hydrate toxicity with?
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beta blockers because it causes ventricular arrhythmias
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what is the major cause of death in sympathomimetic overdose?
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hyperthermia
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what is a factor that can predict mortality in theophylline overdose?
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age
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what metabolizes chloral hydrate?
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alchohol dehydrogenase (mickey finn) used in bars to slip someone a sedative
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what is the active metabolite of choral hydrate?
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TCE-tricholoroethanol
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what is a common side effect of chloral hydrate? what would be the treatment for this side effect
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arrhythmias such as ventricular fibrillation and tachycardia, and torsade de pointe==treatment would be a beta blockers
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