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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Transmits sensory info (touch, pressure, pain, temperature) from skin to CNS. Also transmits sensory info about joint position and muscle length to CNS
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Somatic Sensory Nerve Fibers
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Spinal Cord
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cervical (8), Thoracic(12), Lumbar (5), Sacral (5), Coccygeal (1), Cervical enlargement, Lumbar enlargement, Conus medullaris, Filum terminale, cauda equina, lumbar cistern.
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3 layers of connective tissue sheets overlying and protecting neural tissue
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Spinal meninges
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middle layer of meninges where subarachnoid space is filled with cerebrospinal fluid
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Arachnoid mater
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deepest meningeal layer; very delicate tissue adhered to surface of neural tissue
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Pia Mater
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transmits sensory info like blood gases, fluid pH, tissue stretch, pressure all from viscera to CNS
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Visceral sensory Nerve Fibers
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Transmits nerve impulses from CNS to skeltal muscle and provides reflex and voluntary control of skeltal muscle movement
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Somatic Motor Nerve Fibers
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Transmits nerve impulses from CNS to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands. Provides involuntary motor contorl of viscera
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Autonomic Motor Nerve Fibers
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specific rgions of the skin surface monitored by a single pair of spinal nerves
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Dermatomes
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Neck region
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C2 and C3
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Upper Limb innervated
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C4-C8 and T1
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Throax and abdomen innervated
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C4 - T12
Npple is T4 T10 is umbilicus |
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Anterior thigh innervated
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L1 - L5
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Posterior thigh innervated
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S1 - S2
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Radial Nerve
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Upper extremity that innervates all posterior muscles
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Upper Extremity
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From cervical enlargement and brachial plexus
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innervates all anterior muscles distal to elbow
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Ulnar and median nerves
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innervates anterior muscles proximal to elbow
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musculocutaneous
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Lower Extremity
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from lumbar enlargement and lumbosacral plexus
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innervates all medial/adductor muscles of thigh
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obturator nerve
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innervates all anterior muscles proximal to knee
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femoral nerve
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two nerves tibial and common peroneal wrapped in C.T
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Sciatic nerve
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innervates all posterior muscles
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tibial nerve
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peroneal nerve innervates all anterior muscles distal to knee
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common fibular
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Components of a reflex
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1. stimulus activates, 2. nerve impulse travels through sensory neuron to the spinal cord, 3. nerve impulse is processed in the integration center by interneurons,4. motor neuron transmits nerve impulse to effector.5. effect responds to impulse from motor neuron.
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direct communication between sensory and motor neuron
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monosynaptic reflex
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interneuron facilitates sensory-motor communication
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polysynaptic reflex
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Used to detect crude touch and pressure
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anterior spinothalamic tract
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used to detect pain and temperature
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lateral spinothalamic tract
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Sensory Pathway
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utilize ascending tracts of spinal cord and 3 chains of neurons that transmit signals from internal/external environment of one side of the body to the cerebral cortex on opposite size of the body.
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General Sensory receptors
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distributed throughout the body and used to alert CNS of stimuli like pain, temperature, touch, muscle length, joint position and chemical composition of body fluids
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Fine Touch - Another sensory (ascending) neural pathway that transmits the sensations of discriminative touch, proprioception and vibration
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Posterior Funiculus - Medial Lemniscal Pathway
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Motor Pathways
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descending tracts of spinal cord and transmit signals from CNS to effector organs in the periphery such as skeletal muscle.
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An example of a motor pathway
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Provides voluntary control to skeletal muscle Corticospinal tract
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Particular tract contains a chain of two neurons that originates in the primary motor area of the cerebral cortex that descends down the spinal cord
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Upper motor neuron
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originates in the anterior (ventral) horn of grey matter of the spinal cord
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Lower Motor neuron
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Upper motor neurons cross the mid-line of the neural axis in a region of the brainstem
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Pyramids
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Autonomic Nervous System: anatomic components of both somatic and autonomic divisions
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Chain of 2 neurons with first neuron originating in CNS with axons traveling with other efferent fibers and making synaptic contact w/ peripherally located 2nd neuron in ganglion.
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2 neurons relative to ganglion
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Pre and Post Ganglionic neurons
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Ganglion
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cluster of neuronal cell bodies located outside the CNS
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Sympathetic Nervous System
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Thoracolumbar division with Pre-ganglionic sympathetic neurons located in T1-L2 regions of spinal cord constituting lateral horn of grey matter
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