Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Medulla Oblangata
|
enlarged extension of spinal cord, main reflex center, cardiovascular center-- controls heartbeat respirations bld vessel diameter
|
|
Pons
|
helps medulla directly superior to medulla
|
|
Midbrain
|
visual/ auditory area superior part of brainstem
|
|
Diencephalon
|
part of brain with Hypothalamus and thalamus
|
|
Hypothalamus
|
heartbeat, bllod vessels, reg. of sleep cycles, appetite control, emotions, center for autonomic nervous system inferior, involuntary
|
|
thalamus
|
superior, only afferent neurons, sends sensory images to brain, relays impulses from sense organs to cerebrum
|
|
cerebrum
|
main part of brain, largest, gyri, sulci and fissures, consciousness, thinking, memory, sensations, vision, hearing. emotions, willed movement, normal speech, right and left hemisphere
|
|
corpus callosum
|
connects right and left hemispheres
|
|
gyri
|
ridges
|
|
sulci fissures
|
grooves
|
|
primary motor area
|
initiates volutanry action of muscles
|
|
Broca's area
|
allows one to say words
|
|
Auditory association area
|
perceive sound
|
|
Wernicke's area
|
allows you to translate thought to word
|
|
Cerebellum
|
production of smooth coordinated movements, maintains posture, maintains equilibrium
|
|
Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)
|
Stroke, destruction of neurons of motor area of cerebrum, due to hemorrhage or cessation of blood flow, poor oxygen supply, leads to hemiplegia
|
|
Cerebral Palsy
|
childhood, permanent, but nonprogressive damage to motor control, spastic contractions
|
|
spastic contractions
|
involutary contractions
|
|
paraplegia, hemiplegia, triplegia, quadriplegia
|
both legs, one side of body, both legs and on arm, all limbs.
|
|
Dementia
|
memory loss, loss of attention span, loss of intellect, personality changes, loss of motor control
|
|
Alzheimer Disease
|
plaques and tangles in brain tissue, interrupt transmissio at synapses
|
|
Seizure disorders
|
sudden bursts of neuron activity, mild= consciousness, motor conrtol sensory perception, server= jerky involuntary muscle contractions or unconsciuosness
|
|
epilepsy
|
recurring seizures, due to tumors trauma chemical imbalances, treated with drugs that block neurotransmitters
|
|
Cauda equina
|
fan of spinal nerves at end of spinal cord
|
|
White matter
|
surrounds grey matter, masses of mylenated axons
|
|
gray matter
|
butterfly shaped dendrites/cell bodies of axons in teh white matter
|
|
Meninge
|
membrane surounding spinal cord
|
|
pia mater
|
inermost membrane covers spinal cord
|
|
dura mater
|
outermost membrane attaches to inside of vertebrae
|
|
arachnoid
|
traps cerebrospinal fluid b/w it and the pia mater
|
|
ventricle
|
spaces deep within brain,
|
|
lateral, third, fourth ventricle
|
wierd curve shaped ventricle, under lateral ventricle, venttricle at bottom
|
|
cerebral aqueduct
|
connects 3rd and 4th ventricle
|
|
Cerebrospinal fluid
|
fluid that is filtered out of blood that circulates throughout spinal cord and brain
|
|
Choroid plexus
|
capiliaries that filter cerebrospinal fluid out of blood
|
|
Spinal nerves
|
31 pairs of these
|
|
cervical pairs, thoracic, lumbar sacrospinal coccygeal
|
8,12,5,5,1
|
|
dermatones
|
areas supplied by a single spinal nerve
|
|
neuritis
|
inflammation of nerve
|
|
neuralgia
|
nerve pain
|
|
Sciatica
|
inflammation of sciatic nerve in thigh
|
|
Bell's Palsy
|
compression/ degeneration of facial nerve, paralysis of facial features
|
|
Shingles
|
viral infections, virus travel sover sensory nerve to skin of single dermatone, results in swollen red vesivles that rupture, preceeded by burning and itching
|
|
Autonomic nervous system
|
efferent nerves that regulate incoluntary functions, miantains homeostasis, heart, bld vessels, hollow internal organs
|
|
sympathetic nervous system
|
emergency system, during strees, strenuous exercise, strong emotions, fight or flight
|
|
Parasympathetic Nervous system
|
in control of normal everyday conditions
|
|
hypertension/ heart disease
|
high blood pressure, weakens heart and bld vessels, stress induced
|
|
ulcers
|
stress ionduceddue to changes in digestive secretion
|
|
Neuroblastoma
|
tumor of sympathtic nervous system exaggereated sympathetic effects increased heart rate sweating high bld pressure
|