Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
alzeimer's disease
|
progressive death of nerve cells resulting in memory loss
|
|
|
multiple sclerosis
|
progressive demyelization of neurons in CNS
|
|
|
stroke
|
cardiovascular accident (CVA) causing brain damage resulting from ischemia from blood vessel rupture
massage contraindicated |
|
|
carpal tunnel syndrome
|
neuropathy of median nerve in wrist caused by compression of tendon flexor
|
|
|
sciatica
|
neuritis of sciatic nerve caused by tight surrounding muscle
|
|
|
parkinson's disease
|
degenerative disorder affecting motor neurons; reduction of dopamine leads to tremors
|
|
|
meningitis
|
inflammation of meninges caused by bacteria or virus
|
|
|
encephalitis
|
inflammation of the brain, leading to nerve degeneration and brain damage
|
|
|
bell's palsy
|
neuritis of facial nerve causing paralysis
|
|
|
migraine
|
vascular headache, caused by a variety of environmental or chemical triggers
|
|
|
neurons
|
carry impulses
|
|
|
axon
|
takes info AWAY from cell body
|
|
|
dendrites
|
brings info TO cell
|
|
|
nerve bundle
|
nerve fibers that extend from CNS to tissue
|
|
|
synaptic vesicles
|
contain neurotransmitters at axon terminal
|
|
|
central nervous system
|
CNS - composed of brain & spinal cord
|
|
|
peripheral nervous system
|
composed of spinal nerves and cranial nerves
*somatic & autonomic (symp & parasymp) |
|
|
meninges
|
three layers - dura mater, arachnoid & pia mater
|
|
|
cerebrum
|
80% of total brain mass, L & R hemispheres & subdivided into lobes, gyri & sulci
|
|
|
cerebellum
|
2nd largest portion of brain; coordination, balance & equilibrium
|
|
|
midbrain
|
visual & auditory centers
|
|
|
pons
|
connects spinal cord & brain center for respiration control
|
|
|
medulla oblongata
|
cardiac control, respiratory center, vasomotor
|
|
|
spinal cord
|
descends from foramen magnum to about L4
|
|
|
cranial nerves
|
12 pairs arise from underside of brain; include olfactory, optic, trochlear, trigeminal, abducens, facial, auditory, glossopharyngeal, vagus, spinoaccessory, hypoglossal
|
|
|
spinal nerves
|
31 pair
8 pair cervical 12 pair thoracic 5 pair lumbar 5 pair sacral 1 pair coccygeal |
|
|
proprioceptors
|
detect position and rate of movement
*muscle spindle cells *golgi tendon organs |
|
|
muscle spindle cells
|
belly of muscle, lengthen, stretch, and control how fast a muscle is moving
|
|
|
golgi tendon organs
|
in tendon; monitor stretching
|
|
|
nociceptors
|
pain receptors
|
|
|
thermoreceptors
|
temperature receptors
|
|
|
photoreceptors
|
light receptors
|
|
|
visceroreceptors
|
internal organ receptors
|
|
|
dermatomes
|
cutaneous skin distribution of spinal nerve sensation
can be affected by massage techniques that stimulate the skin |
|
|
synapse
|
space between dendrite & axon terminal
|
|
|
neurotransmitters
|
hormones or chemical messengers contained at the synaptic vesicle released to stimulate or inhibit action potential
(e.g., acetylcholine - ACh, norepinephrine - NE) |
|
|
cervical plexus
|
nerve roots C1-C4, sensory & motor innervation for skin & mm of head, neck & shoulders
|
|
|
plexus
|
network of interconnecting nerves
|
|
|
brachial plexus
|
nerve roots C5-T1, sensory & motor innervation to upper extremity & neck, gives rise to radial, axillary, median, ulnar & musculocutaneous nerves of shoulder, arm & hand
|
|
|
lumbosacral plexus
|
nerve roots L1-S4, sensory & motor innervation for lower extremities, gives rise to obturator, femoral & sciatic nerve
|
|
|
sciatic nerve
|
L4-S3 divides into tibial & peroneal nerves of calf & foot
|
