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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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threshold |
the voltage needed to open a voltage gated channel |
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axon |
transmits info to another cell |
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terminal bouton |
end of the axon; releases neurotransmitters |
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myalin sheath |
insulates the axon; wraps around the outside |
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central nervous system |
consists of the brain and spinal cord; contains sensory, motor, and association neurons |
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peripheral nervous system |
has a somatic system (sensory and motor neurons), an autonomic system (sympathetic and parasympathetic), and motor neruons |
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nerve |
bundle of axons in the PNS |
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tract |
bundle of axons in the CNS |
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ganglia |
bundle of cell bodies in the PNS |
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nucleus |
bundle of cell bodies in the CNS |
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name the three types of neurons |
multipolar, bipolar, and psuedounipolar |
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name the characteristics of a multipolar neuron. |
-has different polarities -has many dendrites -ex. motor neuron |
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name the characteristics of a bipolar neuron. |
-2 dendrites -sensory only -ex. eyes and nose; sight and smell |
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name the characteristics of a pseudounipolar neuron. |
-helps to detect touch, temperature, pressure, and pain -found in the skin and underlying muscle |
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name the 5 types of glial cells. |
-astrocyte -microglia -oligodendrocyte -ependymal cells -Schwann cells |
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cerebrum |
folds of the brain |
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cerebrum |
largest structure in brain; makes up 80% |
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gyri |
folds of the brain |
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sulci |
gaps between the folds of the brain |
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corporal quadrigemina |
-2 upper lobes do visual reflexes -2 lower lobes control reflexes for hearing |
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cerebral peduncle |
relay center in the brain |
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pons |
relay center to the peduncles, controls respiratory rate |
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cerebellum |
balance and coordination of muscle movements |
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medulla |
vital body functions: -controls heart rate -sets up initial respiratory rate -controls the dilation and restricting of the blood vessels (blood pressure) -coughing, sneezing, hiccuping, vomiting |
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basal nuclei |
helps with muscle coordination |
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limbic system |
-olfaction -memory -forms emotions |
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choroid plexus |
lines all of the ventricles, made of up ependymal cells |
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spinal fluid |
watery part of the plasma of the blood leaking through capillaries |
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sympathetic nervous system |
"fight or flight", nerves synapse all at once |
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parasympathetic nervous system |
"stress free life", ideally using all the time |
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name the five types of dendrites |
-chemoreceptors -photoreceptors -thermoreceptors -mechanoreceptors -nocireceptors |
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gustatory cell |
taste bud |
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name the special senses |
-smell -taste -balance -hearing -vision |
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conjunctiva |
membrane on the inside of your eyelid, very smooth |
