Nervous System

Front 1

What is the CNS?

Back 1

central nervous system; contains the brain and spinal cord

Front 2

What is the PNS?

Back 2

peripheral nervous system; contains cranial and spinal nerves

Front 3

What is CSF?

Back 3

cerebrospinal fluid; cushions and protects nervous tissue

Front 4

what is the myelin sheath?

Back 4

schwann cells covering the axon of a nerve cell

Front 5

nerve cell process that carries nerve impulse toward cell body

Back 5

dendrite

Front 6

nerve fibers that carry impulses to CNS from PNS

Back 6

sensory division

Front 7

nerve fibers that carry impulses from CNS to effector organs, muscles, and glands

Back 7

motor division

Front 8

voluntary nervous system

Back 8

somatic

Front 9

involuntary nervous system

Back 9

autonomic

Front 10

fight or flight aspect of the ANS

Back 10

sympathetic

Front 11

aspect of the ANS controlling digestion and excretion

Back 11

parasympathetic

Front 12

supporting cells in the CNS

Back 12

neuroglia

Front 13

glia that provide blood-brain barrier

Back 13

astrocytes

Front 14

phagocytes that dispose of debris

Back 14

microglia

Front 15

glia that protect the cell body

Back 15

satellite cells

Front 16

metabolic center of the neuron

Back 16

cell body

Front 17

generate nerve impulses and conduct them away from cell body

Back 17

axon

Front 18

branches at end of axon that release neurotransmitters

Back 18

axonal terminals

Front 19

gap between neurons

Back 19

synaptic cleft

Front 20

gaps between schwann cells

Back 20

nodes of Ranvier

Front 21

collections of cell bodies found outside the CNS

Back 21

ganglia

Front 22

white matter

Back 22

dense collections of myelinated nerve fibers

Front 23

grey matter

Back 23

mostly unmyelinated fibers and cell bodies

Front 24

nerves that connect motor and sensory neurons in neural pathways

Back 24

interneurons

Front 25

structural classifications of neurons

Back 25

unipolar, bipolar, multipolar

Front 26

plasma membrane of a neuron

Back 26

sarcolemma

Front 27

what makes a resting neuron polarizied?

Back 27

fewer positive ions on the inner face than on the outer face of the sarcolemma

Front 28

autonomic reflexes

Back 28

regulate smooth muscles, heart, and glands

Front 29

somatic reflexes

Back 29

stimulate skeletal muscles

Front 30

Most reflexes originate in the _____.

Back 30

spinal cord

Front 31

cranial nerve that carries impulses for the sense of smell

Back 31

olfactory

Front 32

cranial nerve that carries impulses for vision

Back 32

optic

Front 33

cranial nerve that carries impulses that direct eyeball

Back 33

oculomotor

Front 34

cranial nerve that carries impulses for superior oblique eye muscle

Back 34

trochlear

Front 35

cranial nerve that carries impulses from skin of face and mucosa of mouth and nose

Back 35

trigemal

Front 36

cranial nerve that supplies motor fibers to lateral rectus muscle that rolls the eye laterally

Back 36

abducens

Front 37

cranial nerve that activates facial expressions

Back 37

facial

Front 38

cranial nerve that carries impulses for hearing and balance

Back 38

vestibulocochlear

Front 39

cranial nerve that supplies motor fibers for swallowing

Back 39

vagus

Front 40

cranial nerve that supplies motor fibers that activate sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles

Back 40

accesssory

Front 41

supplies motor fibers that control tongue movements

Back 41

hypoglossal

Front 42

deep grooves that seperate larger regions of brain

Back 42

fissures

Front 43

_____ divide cerebral hemispheres into ____.

Back 43

Sulci, lobes

Front 44

four cerebral hemphere lobes

Back 44

frontal, temporal, occipital, parietal

Front 45

outermost grey matter of brain

Back 45

cerebral cortex

Front 46

brain area that rests on top of brain stem, enclosed by cerebral hemispheres

Back 46

diencephalon

Front 47

major structures of diencephalon

Back 47

thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus

Front 48

relay station for impulses passing upward to sensory cortex

Back 48

thalamus

Front 49

area of diencephalon that helps regulate ANS

Back 49

hypothalamus

Front 50

area of diencephalon that contains pineal gland

Back 50

epithalamus

Front 51

major areas of brain stem

Back 51

midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

Front 52

area of brain stem that controls heart rate, blood pressure, vomiting

Back 52

medulla oblongata

Front 53

area of brain stem that regulates breathing

Back 53

pons

Front 54

area of brain stem containing reflex centers for vision and hearing

Back 54

midbrain

Front 55

area of brain that controls balance and equalibrium

Back 55

cerebellum

Front 56

three connective tissue membranes covering CNS

Back 56

meninges

Front 57

slight brain injury

Back 57

concussion

Front 58

brain injury with marked tissue damage

Back 58

contusion

Front 59

inflammation response to a brain injury

Back 59

cerebral edema

Front 60

stroke

Back 60

CVA; cerebralvascular accident