Nervous System 1

Front 1

WHAT IS THE COMPOSITION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM?

Back 1

NEURAL TISSUE,CONNECTIVE TISSUE, BLOOD VESSELS,

Front 2

NAME TWO CELL TYPES OF NEURAL TISSUE.

Back 2

NEURONS AND NEUROGLIA

Front 3

WHAT IS A DENDRITE?

Back 3

BRANCHED NERVE PROCESS THAT SERVES AS THE RECEPTOR SURFACE OF A NEURON.

Front 4

WHAT IS AN AXON?

Back 4

CYLINDRICAL NERVE PROCESS THAT CARRIES IMPULSES AWAY FROM A NEURON CELL BODY

Front 5

WHAT IS A SYNAPSE?

Back 5

JUNCTION BETWEEN TWO NEURONS

Front 6

WHAT ARE THE TWO CELL TYPES OF NEURAL TISSUE?

Back 6

NERVE CELLS OR NEURONS AND NEUROGLIA

Front 7

WHAT ARE NERVE IMPULSES?

Back 7

BIOELECTIC SIGNALS

Front 8

DEFINE NEUROTRANSMITTERS

Back 8

BIOLOGICAL MESSENGER
MOLECULES

Front 9

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS?

Back 9

ACTUAL CONVEYORS OF NEURAL INFORMATION

Front 10

DEFINE CNS OR CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Back 10

ORGAN GROUP INCLUDES BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD

Front 11

DEFINE PNS OR PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Back 11

COMPOSED OF CRANIAL AND SPINAL NERVES THAT CONNECT THE CNS TO OTHER BODY PARTS

Front 12

NAME THE THREE FUNCTIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Back 12

RECEIVE, DECIDE AND REACT TO STIMULI OR TERMED
SENSORY, INTEGRATIVE AND MOTOR

***CONDUCTION OF IMPULSES AND INTEGRATION OF ACTIVITIES OF PARTS OF THE BODY

Front 13

WHERE ARE SENSORY RECEPTORS LOCATED?

Back 13

AT THE END OF PERIPHERAL NEURONS

Front 14

WHAT FUNCTION DO SENSORY RECEPTOR PROVIDE?

Back 14

RECEPTORS GATHER INFORMATION BY DETECTING CHANGES INSIDE AND OUTSIDE THE BODY

Hint 14

I,E, LIGHT AND SOUND INTENSITIES,TEMPERATURE, OXYGEN CONCENTRATION, & CONDITIONS OF INTERNAL BODY ENVIRONMENT

Front 15

DEFINE PREFIX ASTR.

Back 15

STARLIKE

Front 16

DEFINE PREFIX AX.

Back 16

AXLE

Front 17

DEFINE PREFIX BI.

Back 17

TWO

Front 18

DEFINE PREFIX DENDR.

Back 18

TREE

Front 19

DEFINE PREFIX EPENDYM.

Back 19

TUNIC

Front 20

DEFINE PREFIX LEMM.

Back 20

RIND OR PEEL

Front 21

DEFINE PREFIX MOTO.

Back 21

MOVING

Front 22

DEFINE PREFIX MULTI.

Back 22

MANY

Front 23

DEFINE PREFIX OLIGO.

Back 23

FEW

Front 24

DEFINE PREFIX PERI.

Back 24

ALL AROUND

Front 25

DEFINE PREFIX SALATOR.

Back 25

A DANCER

Front 26

DEFINE PREFIX SENS.

Back 26

FEELING

Front 27

DEFINE PREFIX SYN.

Back 27

TOGETHER

Front 28

DEFINE PREFIX UNI.

Back 28

ONE

Front 29

WHAT IS A STAR SHAPED NEUROGLIAL CELL?

Back 29

ASTROCYTE

Front 30

WHAT IS A NEURON WITH TWO PROCESSES EXTENDING FROM THE CELL BODY?

Back 30

BIPOLAR NEURON

Front 31

WHAT IS A NEUROGLIAL THAT LINE SPACES IN THE BRAIN AND THE SPINAL CORD?

Back 31

EPENDYMA

Front 32

WHAT IS A SHEATH THAT SURROUNDS THE MYELIN OF A NERVE CELL PROCESS?

Back 32

NEURILEMMA

Front 33

WHAT IS A NEURON THAT STIMULATES A MUSCLE TO CONTRACT OR A GLAND TO RELEASE SECRETION?

Back 33

MOTOR NEURON

Front 34

WHAT IS A NEURON WITH MANY PROCESSES EXTENDING FROM THE CELL BODY?

Back 34

MULTIPOLAR NEURON

Front 35

WHAT IS SMALL NEUROGLIAL CELL WITH FEW CELLUAR PROCESSES

Back 35

OLIGODENDROCYTE

Front 36

WHAT IS THE PORTION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM THAT CONSISTS OF THE NERVES BRANCHING FROM THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD.

Back 36

PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

Front 37

WHAT IS A NERVE IMPULSE CONDUCTION IN WHICH THE IMPULSE SEEMS TO JUMP FROM NODE TO NODE ALONG THE NERVE FIBER.

Back 37

SALTATORY CONDUCTION

Front 38

WHAT IS A NEURON THAT CAN BE STIMULATED BY A SENSORY RECEPTOR AND CONDUCTS IMPULSES INTO THE BRAIN OR SPINAL CORD?

Back 38

SENSORY NEURON

Front 39

WHAT IS A JUNCTION BETWEEN TWO NEURONS?

Back 39

SYNAPSE

Front 40

WHAT IS A NEURON WITH ONLY ONE PROCESS EXTENDING FROM THE CELL BODY

Back 40

UNIPOLAR

Front 41

WHAT NERVES DO YOU FIND IN THE BRAIN?

Back 41

CRANIAL NERVES

Front 42

WHAT NERVES DO YOU FIND IN THE SPINAL CORD?

Back 42

SPINAL NERVES

Front 43

WHAT PARTS OF THE BODY DO YOU FIND IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS)?

Back 43

BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD

Front 44

WHAT PARTS OF THE BODY DO YOU FIND IN THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (PNS)?

Back 44

CRANIAL AND SPINAL NERVES

Front 45

WHAT IS IN THE MOTOR DIVISION?

Back 45

SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM AND AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

Front 46

WHAT IS IN THE SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM?

Back 46

SKELETAL MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS

MOTOR PORTION OF PNS THAT OVERSEES

CONSCIOUS (VOLUNTARY) ACTIVITIES

Hint 46

OVERSEES CONSCIOUS (VOLUNTARY) ACTIVITIES

Front 47

WHAT IS IN THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM?

Back 47

SMOOTH MUSCLE
CARDIAC MUSCLE
GLANDS

Hint 47

CONTROLS VISCERA
SUBCONSCIOUS (INVOLUNTARY ACTION)

Front 48

WHAT ARE NEURONS?

Back 48

NEURONS ARE THE STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL UNITS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Front 49

DEFINE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Back 49

CONTROLS VISCERA
MOTOR PORTION OF PNS OVERSEES SUBCONSCIOUS (INVOLUNTARY ACTION)

Front 50

INTERNEURONS

Back 50

CONNECT NEURON TO NEURON
FOUND IN CNS
MULTIPOLAR

Front 51

TWO TYPES OF NERVOUS SYSTEM CELLS

Back 51

NEURONS: SPECIALIZED TO REACT TO PHYSCICAL ADN CHEMICAL CHANGES IN SURROUNDINGS

*

Front 52

MOTOR NEURONS

Back 52

MULTIPOLAR
CARRY IMPULSES AWAY OF CNS
CARRY IMPULSES TO EFFECTORS
LONG AXON AND SHORT DENDRITE

Front 53

NEURON STRUCTURE

Back 53

DENDRITES: RECEIVE INFO FROM OTHER CELLS

AXONS: CARRY INFO AWAY FROM CELL BODY

CELL BODY: CONTAINS NUCLEUS AND MITOCHONDRIA

Front 54

SENSORY NEURONS

Back 54

AFFERENT:CARRY MESSAGE AWAY FROM BODY REGION TO CNS
* MOST UNIPOLAR, COME BIPOLAR
*LONG DENDRITES AND SHORT AXONS

Front 55

IMPULSE PROCESSING NEURON POOLS

Back 55

-GROUPS OF NEURONS THAT MAKE SYNAPTIC CONNECTIONS WITH EACH OTHER
-NEURONS WORK TOGETHER TO PREFORM A COMMON FUNCTION
-EACH POOL RECEIVES INPUT FROM OTHER NEURONS
-EACH POOL GENERATES OUTPUT TO OTHER NEURONS

Front 56

NEUROTRANSMITTER DISORDERS

Back 56

-ALZHEIMERS:DEFICIENT ACETYLCHOLINE
-CLINICAL DEPRESSIONS; NOREPINEPHRINE AND/OR SEROTIN
-MYASTNEIA GRAVIS:DEFICIENT ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTORS
-PARKINSONS:DOPAMINE

Front 57

INHIBITORY POST SYNAPTIC POTENTIAL-IPSP

Back 57

-HYPERPOLARIZES MEMBRANE OF POSTSYNAPTIC NEURON
-ACTION POTENTIAL OF POSTSYNAPTICE NEURON BECOMES LESS LIKELY

Front 58

EXCITATORY POSTSYNAPTIC POTENTIAL (EPSP)-

Back 58

-DEPOLARIZES MEMBRANES OF POST SYNAPTIC NEURONS
-ACTION POTENTIAL OF POSTSYNAPTIC NEURONS BECOMES MORE LIKELY

Front 59

SUMMATION

Back 59

EPSP(EXCITATORY POSTSYNAPTIC POTENTIAL) AND IPSP'S (INHIBITORY POSTSYNAPTIC POTENTIAL) ARE ADDED TOGETHER
-OCCURS AT TRIGGER ZONE
-MORE EPSP'S LEAD TO GREATER PROBABILITY OF ACTION POTENTIAL

Front 60

MECHANISM OF A NERVE IMPULSE

Back 60

1. AT REST THE OUTSIDE IS MORE POSITIVE THAN INSIDE
2.NA+ MOVES INSIDE CAUSING AN ACTION POTENTIAL, THE INFLUX OF NA+ MAKES THE INSIDE OF CELLS MORE POSITIVE THAN OUTSIDE
3. K+ MOVES OUTSIDE, RESTORING RESTING POTENTIAL
4. 3 NA+ PUMPED OUT, 2 K+ PUMPED IN RESTORING THE ORIGINAL DISTRIBUTION

Front 61

STIMULI AFFECT LOCAL POTENTIALS

Back 61

-RESTING POTENTIALS CHANGES OCCUR ON MEMBRANES OF DENDRITES
-CAUSE OF STIMULI : CHEMICALS, TEMP CHANGE, MECHANICAL FORCE
-IF MEMBRANE POTENTIAL BECOMES MORE NEGATIVE IT HAS HYPERPOLARIZED , MORE POSITIVE-DEPOLARIZED
-SUMMATION CAN LEAD TO THRESHOLD STIMULUS TAHT STARTS AN ACTION POTENTIAL

Front 62

ACTION POTENTIAL

Back 62

-SODIUM CHANNELS SENSITIVE TO VOLTAGE OPEN
-OCCURS AT TRIGGER ZONE
-SODIUM RUSHES INTO THE NEURON
-INSIDE BECOMES POSITIVE, OUTSIDE BECOMES NEGATIVE
-+30 mv
-MEMBRANE IS DEPOLARIZED

Front 63

REPOLARIZATION

Back 63

-POTASSIUM CHANNELS OPEN
-POTASSIUM DIFFUSES TO THE OUTSIDE OF THE MEMBRANE
-THE OUTSIDE BECOMES POSITIVE
-MEMBRANE IS REPOLARIZED

Front 64

SYNAPASE

Back 64

-SYNAPSE: NERVE IMPULSES PASS FROM NEURON TO NEURON
-PRESYNAPTIC NEURON: BRINGS THE IMPULSE TO THE SYNAPSE
POSTSYNAPTIC NEURON: IS AFFECTED BY THE IMPULSE

ALL OF THE ABOVE REPRESENT SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION

Front 65

RESTING POTENTIAL IS RESTORED

Back 65

-SODIUM IS PUMPED OUT OF THE NEURON
-POSTASSIUM MOVES INTO THE NEURON

Front 66

SYNAPTIC POTENTIALS

Back 66

-NEUROTRANSMITTERS BIND TO RECEPTORS AND CAUSE CHANGES IN LOCAL POTENTIALS ON POSTSYNAPTIC MEMBRANE
-BINDING MAY OPEN OR CLOSE ION CHANNELS
-MAY HYPERPOLARIZE OR DEPOLARIZE THE MEMBRANE

Front 67

OLIGO DENDROCYTES

Back 67

-TYPE OF NEUROGLIAL CELL
-FORM MYELIN SHEATH IN THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD, PRODUCE NERVE GROWTH FACTOR

Front 68

SYNAPTIC POTENTIALS

Back 68

-NEUROTRANSMITTERS BIND TO RECEPTORS AND CAUSE CHANGES IN LOCAL POTENTIALS ON POSTSYNAPTIC MEMBRANE
-BINDING MAY OPEN OR CLOSE ION CHANNELS
-MAY HYPERPOLARIZE OR DEPOLARIZE THE MEMBRANE

Front 69

ASTROCYTES

Back 69

-TYPE OF NEUROGLIAL CELL
-STAR SHAPED CELLS BETWEEN NEURONS AND BLOOD VESSELS
-FUNCTIONS: STRUCTURAL SUPPORT, FORMATION OF SCAR TISSUE, TRANSPORT OF SUBSTANCES BETWEEN BLOOD VESSELS AND NEURONS, COMMUNICATE W/ ONE ANOTHER AND WITH NEURONS, MOP UP EXCESS IONS AND NEUROTRANSMITTERS, INDUCE SYNAPSE FORMATION