Nervous Sys Deve

Front 1

1- Neural plate stage will form the neural plate is which week ??

Back 1

2- 3rd week

Front 2

3- The nucleus polposus of the IV disc arise from which embryonic tissue ??

Back 2

4- Notochord

Front 3

5- At which stage does the Neural folds are formed ??

Back 3

6- Late neural groove stage

Front 4

7- Which proteins play a role in neurulation??

Back 4

8- BMP-4, inductor protein, FGF8 and N-CAM

Front 5

9- How is neural tube formed ??

Back 5

10- By the fusion of the medial margin of neural folds in 8 somite stage, at the midpoint

Front 6

11- How does the neural tube communicate with the amniotic fluid ??

Back 6

12- Neuropores

Front 7

13- At which date does eack of the neuropores closes and what is the result of failure to closure ??

Back 7

14- Anterior neuropore closes at day 25, Upper NTD

Front 8

15- How long until the neural tube is formed ??

Back 8

16- 4 weeks

Front 9

17- What are the derivatives of the NT (Rostral, Caudal, and lumen) ??

Back 9

18- Rostral: Brain , Caudal: Spinal cord , Lumen: ventricles and central canal

Front 10

19- Which cells give rise to PNS ??

Back 10

20- Cells in the lateral margin of Neural tube

Front 11

1- Cranial migration of the NC cells is controlled by the expression of which gene complex ??

Back 11

2- Hoxb gene complex and OTX2

Front 12

3- How is the NC cells migration inhibited ??

Back 12

4- By chondroitin SO4-rich proteoglycans

Front 13

5- CNS neurons arise from ??

Back 13

6- Neuroblasts

Front 14

7- Matrix cells give rise to ??

Back 14

8- Neuroblasts and Glioblasts

Front 15

9- When is Glioblasts and RadialGlial cells are formed ??

Back 15

10- Glioblasts formed after neuroblast formation and radial glial cells forms before

Front 16

11- The caudal end of the NT give rise to ??

Back 16

12- Spinal cord

Front 17

13- What is the primary vesicles and what do they give a rise to ??

Back 17

14- Prosencephalon: give rise to Tel and Di; Mesencephalon: give rise to Mes ; and Rhombencephalon : give rise to Met and Myl

Front 18

15- What do each of the secondary vesicles give rise to ??

Back 18

16- Tel: Cerebral Hemispheres and Hippocampus caudate, putamen and olefactorybulb
Di: Epithalamus, Subthalamus, thalamus, hypothalamus, Globus pallidus, optic chiasma and optic tract
Mes: Midbrain
Met: pons and cerebellum
Myl: medulla

Front 19

17- Which cells are formed from Ventricular zone ??

Back 19

18- Ependymal cells

Front 20

19- What does the mantle zone forms ??

Back 20

20- Grey matter

Front 21

1- What does the marginal zone forms ??

Back 21

2- White matter

Front 22

3- Which Cranial structures arise from Alar plate ??

Back 22

4- CN8,5, Nu solitaries, and ION

Front 23

5- Which cranial structures arise from basal plate ??

Back 23

6- CN12, 9,10,11, Nu ambiguous

Front 24

7- The vermis is formed by ??

Back 24

8- The fusion of Rhombic lips

Front 25

9- Which cells arise from the External Granular layers ??

Back 25

10- Granule cells

Front 26

11- How does Holoprosencephaly occur ??

Back 26

12- Due to Diverticularization failure

Front 27

13- The stiatal eminence appear in the 5th week and give rise to ??

Back 27

14- Striatum, Claustrum, and Amygdala

Front 28

15- Mylination of the brain fibers continue until ?

Back 28

16- The 3rd decade

Front 29

17- When does the CST mylination starts and ends ?

Back 29

18- Starts at 6 month and ends at 2 years

Front 30

what is spina bifida ??

Back 30

Failure of vertebral arches to fuse

Front 31

what is cranium bifidum ??

Back 31

Failure of Bony skull to develope from upper 4 sclerotomes

Front 32

what does project in the area of defect in the SB meningocele ??

Back 32

only the meninges

Front 33

what does project in the area of defect in the SB meningomyelocele??

Back 33

part of the spinal cord along with the meninges

Front 34

what are the manifestations of SB Meningomyelocele ??

Back 34

1- Arnold Chiri malformation
2- Bi lat LL flaccid paralysis
3- CTEV
4- Sphincter incontinouence: pressure cause voiding

Front 35

what is the defect in Rachischisis ??

Back 35

verebral archses defect and NT fail to close

Front 36

what are the manifestations of Rachischisis ??

Back 36

Central canal discharge CSF to the surface

Front 37

what is present in SB syringomyelocele ??

Back 37

Meningomyelocele is present and Syrinx formation (central canal of spinal cord is grossly dilated )

Front 38

what is Polyhydraminos ??

Back 38

the fetus is unable to swallow amniotic fluid

Front 39

which drugs can induce NTD during pregnancy ??

Back 39

anti epileptics

Front 40

which vitamin is prescribed to be taken daily in pregnancies which prevents NTD ??

Back 40

Folic acid

Front 41

what is the AFP level in Down syndrome and Omphaloceles ??

Back 41

Downs: AFP is decreased
Omphalocele: AFP increased

Front 42

what are the manifestations of Arnold Chairi malformation ??

Back 42

1- Blockage of foramen Magendie and Luschka
2- compression of medulla and cerebellum
3- lower 4 CN Palsies
4- Gag refles -ve
5-syringomyelia

Front 43

what are the manifestations of Dandy walker malformation ??

Back 43

4th ventricle dilation, atrasia of Magendie and Luschka

Front 44

what are the levels of mental retardation ??

Back 44

70 -50 mild
49 - 35 moderate
34-20 severe
below 20 profound

Front 45

what is the most common cause for mental retardation ??

Back 45

FAS

Front 46

what is the genetc defect in fragile X syndrome ??

Back 46

Long arm of X chromosome at q27.3

Front 47

what are the manifestations for Neural tube failure to close ??

Back 47

Anencephaly; Encephalocele; Meningomyelocele

Front 48

where is each of the following tumors arise from ?? Medulloblastoma:
Craniopharyngioma
Pituitary adenoma
Chordoma

Back 48

persistent cell nests of External 1-Granular Layer of Cerebellum
2-Epithelial remnants of Rathke’s pouch
3-From Stomatodeum
4-Tumor of Notochord remnant

Front 49

how does Hirschsprung occur ??

Back 49

Failure of neural crest cells to migrate to colon

Front 50

what is the patient appears with in NF1 ??

Back 50

cafe au lait spots