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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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This nerve adducts the thumb
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Ulnar nerve
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Fracture of surgical neck of humerus
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injures axillary N and may lacerate posterior circumflex artery
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Fracture of midshaft humerus
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radial N injury; profunda brachii artery
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supracondylar fracture
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median n injury; triceps and brachialis - may shorten arm
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medial epicondyle fracture
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ulnar N injury
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Golfer's elbow
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medial epiconylitis = inflmn of common flexor tendon
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Tennis elbow
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lateral epicondylitis = inflmn of common extensor tendon
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Colles' fracture
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radius is displaced posteriorly -> "dinner fork hand"; avulsion of styloid process
(Colles' fracture and vertebral wedge fracture ass'd w/ type II osteoperosis |
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lunate bone
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most commonly DISPLACED carpal-goes into carpal tunnel
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Scaphoid bone
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most commonly FRACTURED carpal - pain over snuff box; avascular necrosis
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Median nerve
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C6,7,8,T1
Anterior Division Lateral and Medial Cords join 3 thenar muscles and most of ant forearm (**injury may --> medial deviation of the wrist w/ flexion d/t unopposed action of ulnar nerve on flexors) |
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Carpal Tunnel Sxme
(name 4 sx) |
Median N stuck between flexor tendons and flexor retinaculum
*numb/pain over palmar thumb-middle fingers *weakness of thenars - no opposition "ape hand" *weakness of lateral lumbricals -> clawing of index and middle fingers *pain w/ wrist flexion - worse at night |
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"Hand of Benediction"
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compression of median n between 2 heads of pronator teres
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Can't make an "O" w/ thumb and fingers
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median nerve compression in cubital fossa (also called Anterior Interosseus N here)
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loss of sensation over lateral palm and thumb and radial 2 1/2 fingers
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median N
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loss of forearm pronation, wrist flexion, finger flexion, and several thumb movements; eventually thenar atrophy
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median nerve
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Ulnar Nerve
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C8, T1 - anterior division - median cord
flexor carpi ulnaris and flexor digitorum profundus *passes between hook of hamate and pisiform bone in Guyon's canal *passes between 2 heads of flexor carpi ulnaris |
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Claw Hand
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Ulnar n (medial 2 lumbricals)
*occurs in children w/ epiphyseal separation of medial epicondyle of humerus *weak finger adduction; medial hand numbness; dysfn of 4th and 5th digit flexion |
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Can't hold paper between thumb and index or between adjacent fingers
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Ulner nerve (interosseus adductor pollicis)
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loss of adduction and impaired adduction of thumb and ulnar 2 fingers
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ulnar n
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impaired wrist flexion and adduction w/ impaired addution of thumb
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ulnar n
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loss of adduction and extension of thumb
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ulnar n
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loss of sensation of medial palm and pinky and 1/2 ring finger
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ulnar N
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Musculocutaneous N
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C5,6,7 - Ant Div - Lat cord
-coracobrachialis, biceps, brachialis -lesions are uncommon - may be compressed by coracobrach (passes through it) -> weak flexion and supination -sensation of lateral forearm |
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Lesion of ulnar n d/t fractured hook of hamate
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claw hand
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lesion of ulnar n d/t fracture at medial epicondyle or clavicle
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radial deviation; weak flexion fingers and wrist; altered sensation of medial 1 1/2 fingers and hypothenar
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Axillary Nerve
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C5, C6 - posterior division
(Deltoid, teres minor) *runs in quadrangular space around surgical neck of humerus |
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lesion of axillary nerve
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weakness in abduction and deltiod atrophy -> loss of rounded contour
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surgical neck of humerus
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axillary n
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Radial N
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all nerve roots of brachial plexus
Posterior division - triceps, brachioradialis, extensor radialis, supinator and extensors |
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wrist drop
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radial n
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Spiral fracture of midshaft humerus
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radial n
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Injury d/t stretch of arm (hanging from tree)
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Nerve roots C8 and T1 are injured
innervation of intrinsic muscles of hand is impaired |
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Subluxation of head of radius
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radial n
dec wrist extension (sensation intact) |
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anterior dislocation of lunate
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median n
atrophied thenar muscles parasthesia of lateral digits (palmar surface) |
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Erb-Duchenne Palsy
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"waiter's tip"
C5 and C6 trauma during delivery -limb hangs by side (paralysis of abductors), medially rotated (paralysis of lateral rotators), forearm is pronated (loss of biceps) |
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Thoracic Duct Outlet Sxme
presentation |
1. atrophy of the thenar and hypothenar eminences (C8)
2. Atrophy of the interosseous muscles (C8) 3. Sensory deficits on the medial side of forearm and hand (C8, T1) 4. No radial pulse when head looks the other way (impingement on subclavian) |
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Thoracic Duct Outlet Sxme
Causes |
embryologic defect - cervical rib (compresses on subclavian and inferior trunk C8/T1 -> claw hand)
may also be d/t pancoast tumor |
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Biceps reflex nerve root
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C5
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Triceps reflex nerve root
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C7
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Patella reflex nerve root
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L4
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Achilles reflex nerve root
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S1
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Crutch Injury
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Radial nerve
-ill-fitted crutches compress posterior cord |
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Opponens pollicis
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median n
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adductor pollicis
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ulnar n
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Sensation for lower part of thumb on dorsal side
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radial n
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flexor digitorum superficialis
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median n
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Biceps/flexion at elbow
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musculocutaneous
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Wasting of thenar eminance
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median n
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Wasting of hypothenar eminance
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ulnar n
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Wasting of dorsal interosseus muscles
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ulnar n
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Anterior Interosseus N
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branch of median n that innervates deep anterior forearm muscles
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wrist drop, loss of extension of thumb, inability to make a tight fist - supination intact!
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radial nerve injury
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