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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Neuron
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A nerve cell, basic building block of the brain.
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Everything in the nervous system is made of this.
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Interneurons
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Sends info between sensory neurons and motor neurons; mostly located in the central nervous system.
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The connector
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Soma
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Round, centrally located structure, contains the cells nucleus; the cell body plays no role in neural signaling
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Hand
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Dendrite
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Bushy, branching extensions of a neuron that recieves messages and conduct impulses toward the cell body.
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Your fingers
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Axon
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Extension of a neuron, ending in branching terminal fibers, through which messages are sent to other neurons or to muscles/glands
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Arm
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Threshold
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The level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse
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Trigger
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Action potential
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A neural impulse; a breif electrical charge that travels down an axon.
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Charge
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Depolarization
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The inward rush of sodium ions
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Inward rush of____________ ions
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Repolarizarion and hyperpolarization
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The outward rush of potassium ions
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Out
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Acetycholine
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Enables muscle action, learning, and memory
Undersupply, as neurons deteriorate marks alzheimers |
ACH plaque
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Dopamine
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Influences movement, learning, attention and emotion
Excess dopamine- schitzophrenia Starved of dopamine - tremors and parkinsons |
Shake that ass like a donky with______________
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Serotonin
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Affects mood, hunger, sleep and arousal
Undersupply linked to depression, antidepressants raise serotonin levels |
:(
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Norepinephrine
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Helps controp alertness and arousal
Undersupply can depress mood |
ADHD
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Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)
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Major inhibitory neurotransmitter
Undersupply - seizures, tremors, and insomnia |
Doesnt outhibit
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Glutamate
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Major excitatory neurotransmitter, involved in memory
Oversupply - over stimulate brain (migraines and seizures) |
Opposite of dread
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Agonist
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Mimics neurotransmitter
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Fake
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Antagonist
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Blocks neurotransmitter
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No no no, not today.
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Endorphins
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"morphine within" natural opiate-like neurotransmitters linked to pain control and pleasure
- function like neurotransmitter - released in response to pain and vigorous exercise - anagesic properties - non addictive |
Morphine within
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Multiple sclerosis (MS)
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Chronic, often disabling disease that attacks the nervous system
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Parkinsons
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Disease that results in the death of nerve cells that produce dopamine, thus influencing movement, learning, attention and emotion.
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