Ner 4: Clinical Method Of Neurology

Front 1

What causes alterations in consciousness?

Back 1

-Reduction in blood flow producing syncope
-Neuronal discharge resulting in seizure
-any type of damage to reticular activating system which controls consciousness

Front 2

General symptoms of a primary muscle disease

Back 2

-Bilateral, symmetrical, and proximal
-often hit limb-girdle muscles of shoulders and hip
-muscles are thin and hypotonic
-reflexes spared until severe muscle atrophy occurs

Front 3

General symptoms of a peripheral neuropathy

Back 3

-Signs of weakness/sensory loss are limited to territory of affected nerve
-loss of tendon reflex
-loss of muscle mass

Front 4

General symptoms of a symmertrical polyneuropathy

Back 4

-begins in distal lower limbs because it targets longest nerves

Front 5

Abrupt onset to maximal level, gradual recovery with time.

Back 5

Course of a stroke/hemmorhage/head injury

Front 6

Stepwise. Small abrupt losses in function followed by plateaus of stability.

Back 6

Course of mutiple small vessel infarctions

Front 7

Steadily progressive disease with gradual onset but exponential growth

Back 7

Progression of tumors or a degenerative disorder.

Front 8

Gradual progression with improvements but with a net progression towards disease. Eventually relapses not followed by recoveries.

Back 8

Relapsing remitting disease with secondary progression (MS)

Front 9

Acute illness which reaches its peak followed by a full recovery

Back 9

Infection

Front 10

Clustered or isolated attacks without any symptoms in between attacks

Back 10

Episodic illness. epilepsy, migraine