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75 Cards in this Set
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symptomes of nephritic syndrome
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hematuria, hypertension, oliguria, azotemia.
Inflammation |
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6 types of Nephritic Syndrome
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Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
Rapidly progressive (crescentic) Glomerulonephritis Goodpasture’s syndrome (type II hypersensitivity) Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis IgA nephropathy (Berger’s disease) Alport’s syndrome |
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LM: Glomeruli enlarged and hypercellular, neutrophils, "lumpy-bumpy"
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Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
(acute proliferative glomerulonephritis) |
LM: Glomeruli enlarged and hypercellular, neutrophils, "lumpy-bumpy"
EM: subepithelial humps IF granular pattern Most frequently seen in children. Peripheral and periorbital edema. Resolves spontaneously |
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EM: subepithelial humps
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Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
(acute proliferative glomerulonephritis) |
LM: Glomeruli enlarged and hypercellular, neutrophils, "lumpy-bumpy"
EM: subepithelial humps IF granular pattern Most frequently seen in children. Peripheral and periorbital edema. Resolves spontaneously |
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IF: granular pattern
"lumpy-bumpy" immunofluorescence (extremely coarse granular immunofluorescence for IgG or C3) |
Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
Membranous Glomerulonephritis also has a granular IF pattern |
LM: Glomeruli enlarged and hypercellular, neutrophils, "lumpy-bumpy"
EM: subepithelial humps IF granular pattern Most frequently seen in children. Peripheral and periorbital edema. Resolves spontaneously |
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Most frequently seen in children. Peripheral and periorbital edema. Resolves spontaneously
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Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
(acute proliferative glomerulonephritis) |
LM: Glomeruli enlarged and hypercellular, neutrophils, "lumpy-bumpy"
EM: subepithelial humps IF granular pattern Most frequently seen in children. Peripheral and periorbital edema. Resolves spontaneously |
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Labs: urinary red cells and red cell casts, azotemia, decreased serum C3, and increased titers of antistrepotococcal antibodies (antistreptolysin O [ASO]), antiDNAase B, and anticationic proteinase as evidence of recent streptococcal infection.
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Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
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LM: Glomeruli enlarged and hypercellular, neutrophils, "lumpy-bumpy"
EM: subepithelial humps IF granular pattern Most frequently seen in children. Peripheral and periorbital edema. Resolves spontaneously |
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Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis labs
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Labs: urinary red cells and red cell casts, azotemia, decreased serum C3, and increased titers of antistrepotococcal antibodies (antistreptolysin O [ASO]), antiDNAase B, and anticationic proteinase as evidence of recent streptococcal infection.
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LM: Glomeruli enlarged and hypercellular, neutrophils, "lumpy-bumpy"
EM: subepithelial humps IF granular pattern Most frequently seen in children. Peripheral and periorbital edema. Resolves spontaneously |
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LM and IF: Crescent moon shape
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Rapidly progressive (crescentic) Glomerulonephritis
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LM and IF: Crescent moon shape
Rapid course to renal failure from one of many causes |
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Rapid course to renal failure from one of many causes
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Rapidly progressive (crescentic) Glomerulonephritis
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LM and IF: Crescent moon shape
Rapid course to renal failure from one of many causes |
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IF: linear pattern
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Goodpasture’s syndrome (type II hypersensitivity)
Linear pattern b/c of anti-GBM antibodies |
IF: linear pattern. Linear pattern b/c of anti-GBM antibodies
Hemoptysis, hematuria |
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Hemoptysis, hematuria
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Goodpasture’s syndrome (type II hypersensitivity)
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IF: linear pattern. Linear pattern b/c of anti-GBM antibodies
Hemoptysis, hematuria |
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EM: subendothelial humps, "tram track" - double contour
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Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
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EM: subendothelial humps, "tram track" - double contour
Slowly progresses to renal failure |
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Slowly progresses to renal failure
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Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
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EM: subendothelial humps, "tram track" - double contour
Slowly progresses to renal failure |
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IF and EM: mesangial deposits of IgA.
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IgA nephropathy (Berger’s disease)––
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Mild disease, often post-infectious
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IgA nephropathy (Berger’s disease)
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split basement membrane
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Alport’s syndrome
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split basement membrane
Collagen IV mutation. Nerve deafness and ocular disorders |
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Collagen IV mutation. Nerve deafness and ocular disorders
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Alport’s syndrome
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split basement membrane
Collagen IV mutation. Nerve deafness and ocular disorders |
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Symptomes of Nephrotic Syndrome
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massive proteinuria
hypoalbuminemia peripheral and periorbital edema hyperlipidemia |
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6 types of nephrotic syndrome
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Membranous glomerulonephritis––
Minimal change disease (lipoid nephrosis)–– Focal segmental glomerular sclerosis–– Diabetic nephropathy–– SLE and Renal Amyloidosis |
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LM: diffuse capillary and basement membrane thickening
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Membranous glomerulonephritis––
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A common cause of adult (teenagers and young adults) nephrotic syndrome
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Membranous glomerulonephritis––
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IF: granular pattern
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Membranous glomerulonephritis––
or, acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis |
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EM: "Spike and Dome"
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Membranous glomerulonephritis––
Spike and dome - results from extensin of basement membrane between and around the immune deposits; the spikes are basement membrane material, and the domes are immune complex deposits |
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should be suspected when nephrotic syndrome is accompanied by azotemia
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Membranous glomerulonephritis––
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10% of Lupus patients have this and it's not SLE Nephrotic syndrome
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Membranous glomerulonephritis––
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Most common cause of childhood nephrotic syndrome. Responds well to steroids
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Minimal change disease (lipoid nephrosis)––
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Is characterized by lipid-laden renal cortices
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Minimal change disease (LIPOID nephrosis)
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LM: normal glomeruli.
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Minimal change disease (lipoid nephrosis)––
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EM: foot process effacement
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Minimal change disease (lipoid nephrosis)––
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symptomes of nephritic syndrome
|
hematuria, hypertension, oliguria, azotemia.
Inflammation |
|
|
|
6 types of Nephritic Syndrome
|
Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
Rapidly progressive (crescentic) Glomerulonephritis Goodpasture’s syndrome (type II hypersensitivity) Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis IgA nephropathy (Berger’s disease) Alport’s syndrome |
|
|
|
LM: Glomeruli enlarged and hypercellular, neutrophils, "lumpy-bumpy"
|
Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
(acute proliferative glomerulonephritis) |
LM: Glomeruli enlarged and hypercellular, neutrophils, "lumpy-bumpy"
EM: subepithelial humps IF granular pattern Most frequently seen in children. Peripheral and periorbital edema. Resolves spontaneously |
|
|
EM: subepithelial humps
|
Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
(acute proliferative glomerulonephritis) |
LM: Glomeruli enlarged and hypercellular, neutrophils, "lumpy-bumpy"
EM: subepithelial humps IF granular pattern Most frequently seen in children. Peripheral and periorbital edema. Resolves spontaneously |
|
|
IF: granular pattern
"lumpy-bumpy" immunofluorescence (extremely coarse granular immunofluorescence for IgG or C3) |
Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
Membranous Glomerulonephritis also has a granular IF pattern |
LM: Glomeruli enlarged and hypercellular, neutrophils, "lumpy-bumpy"
EM: subepithelial humps IF granular pattern Most frequently seen in children. Peripheral and periorbital edema. Resolves spontaneously |
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Most frequently seen in children. Peripheral and periorbital edema. Resolves spontaneously
|
Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
(acute proliferative glomerulonephritis) |
LM: Glomeruli enlarged and hypercellular, neutrophils, "lumpy-bumpy"
EM: subepithelial humps IF granular pattern Most frequently seen in children. Peripheral and periorbital edema. Resolves spontaneously |
|
|
Labs: urinary red cells and red cell casts, azotemia, decreased serum C3, and increased titers of antistrepotococcal antibodies (antistreptolysin O [ASO]), antiDNAase B, and anticationic proteinase as evidence of recent streptococcal infection.
|
Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
|
LM: Glomeruli enlarged and hypercellular, neutrophils, "lumpy-bumpy"
EM: subepithelial humps IF granular pattern Most frequently seen in children. Peripheral and periorbital edema. Resolves spontaneously |
|
|
Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis labs
|
Labs: urinary red cells and red cell casts, azotemia, decreased serum C3, and increased titers of antistrepotococcal antibodies (antistreptolysin O [ASO]), antiDNAase B, and anticationic proteinase as evidence of recent streptococcal infection.
|
LM: Glomeruli enlarged and hypercellular, neutrophils, "lumpy-bumpy"
EM: subepithelial humps IF granular pattern Most frequently seen in children. Peripheral and periorbital edema. Resolves spontaneously |
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LM and IF: Crescent moon shape
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Rapidly progressive (crescentic) Glomerulonephritis
|
LM and IF: Crescent moon shape
Rapid course to renal failure from one of many causes |
|
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Rapid course to renal failure from one of many causes
|
Rapidly progressive (crescentic) Glomerulonephritis
|
LM and IF: Crescent moon shape
Rapid course to renal failure from one of many causes |
|
|
IF: linear pattern
|
Goodpasture’s syndrome (type II hypersensitivity)
Linear pattern b/c of anti-GBM antibodies |
IF: linear pattern. Linear pattern b/c of anti-GBM antibodies
Hemoptysis, hematuria |
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Hemoptysis, hematuria
|
Goodpasture’s syndrome (type II hypersensitivity)
|
IF: linear pattern. Linear pattern b/c of anti-GBM antibodies
Hemoptysis, hematuria |
|
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EM: subendothelial humps, "tram track" - double contour
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Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
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EM: subendothelial humps, "tram track" - double contour
Slowly progresses to renal failure |
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Slowly progresses to renal failure
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Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
|
EM: subendothelial humps, "tram track" - double contour
Slowly progresses to renal failure |
|
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IF and EM: mesangial deposits of IgA.
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IgA nephropathy (Berger’s disease)––
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symptomes of nephritic syndrome
|
hematuria, hypertension, oliguria, azotemia.
Inflammation |
|
|
|
6 types of Nephritic Syndrome
|
Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
Rapidly progressive (crescentic) Glomerulonephritis Goodpasture’s syndrome (type II hypersensitivity) Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis IgA nephropathy (Berger’s disease) Alport’s syndrome |
|
|
|
LM: Glomeruli enlarged and hypercellular, neutrophils, "lumpy-bumpy"
|
Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
(acute proliferative glomerulonephritis) |
LM: Glomeruli enlarged and hypercellular, neutrophils, "lumpy-bumpy"
EM: subepithelial humps IF granular pattern Most frequently seen in children. Peripheral and periorbital edema. Resolves spontaneously |
|
|
EM: subepithelial humps
|
Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
(acute proliferative glomerulonephritis) |
LM: Glomeruli enlarged and hypercellular, neutrophils, "lumpy-bumpy"
EM: subepithelial humps IF granular pattern Most frequently seen in children. Peripheral and periorbital edema. Resolves spontaneously |
|
|
IF: granular pattern
"lumpy-bumpy" immunofluorescence (extremely coarse granular immunofluorescence for IgG or C3) |
Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
Membranous Glomerulonephritis also has a granular IF pattern |
LM: Glomeruli enlarged and hypercellular, neutrophils, "lumpy-bumpy"
EM: subepithelial humps IF granular pattern Most frequently seen in children. Peripheral and periorbital edema. Resolves spontaneously |
|
|
Most frequently seen in children. Peripheral and periorbital edema. Resolves spontaneously
|
Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
(acute proliferative glomerulonephritis) |
LM: Glomeruli enlarged and hypercellular, neutrophils, "lumpy-bumpy"
EM: subepithelial humps IF granular pattern Most frequently seen in children. Peripheral and periorbital edema. Resolves spontaneously |
|
|
Labs: urinary red cells and red cell casts, azotemia, decreased serum C3, and increased titers of antistrepotococcal antibodies (antistreptolysin O [ASO]), antiDNAase B, and anticationic proteinase as evidence of recent streptococcal infection.
|
Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
|
LM: Glomeruli enlarged and hypercellular, neutrophils, "lumpy-bumpy"
EM: subepithelial humps IF granular pattern Most frequently seen in children. Peripheral and periorbital edema. Resolves spontaneously |
|
|
Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis labs
|
Labs: urinary red cells and red cell casts, azotemia, decreased serum C3, and increased titers of antistrepotococcal antibodies (antistreptolysin O [ASO]), antiDNAase B, and anticationic proteinase as evidence of recent streptococcal infection.
|
LM: Glomeruli enlarged and hypercellular, neutrophils, "lumpy-bumpy"
EM: subepithelial humps IF granular pattern Most frequently seen in children. Peripheral and periorbital edema. Resolves spontaneously |
|
|
LM and IF: Crescent moon shape
|
Rapidly progressive (crescentic) Glomerulonephritis
|
LM and IF: Crescent moon shape
Rapid course to renal failure from one of many causes |
|
|
Rapid course to renal failure from one of many causes
|
Rapidly progressive (crescentic) Glomerulonephritis
|
LM and IF: Crescent moon shape
Rapid course to renal failure from one of many causes |
|
|
IF: linear pattern
|
Goodpasture’s syndrome (type II hypersensitivity)
Linear pattern b/c of anti-GBM antibodies |
IF: linear pattern. Linear pattern b/c of anti-GBM antibodies
Hemoptysis, hematuria |
|
|
Hemoptysis, hematuria
|
Goodpasture’s syndrome (type II hypersensitivity)
|
IF: linear pattern. Linear pattern b/c of anti-GBM antibodies
Hemoptysis, hematuria |
|
|
EM: subendothelial humps, "tram track" - double contour
|
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
|
EM: subendothelial humps, "tram track" - double contour
Slowly progresses to renal failure |
|
|
Slowly progresses to renal failure
|
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
|
EM: subendothelial humps, "tram track" - double contour
Slowly progresses to renal failure |
|
|
IF and EM: mesangial deposits of IgA.
|
IgA nephropathy (Berger’s disease)––
|
|
|
|
split basement membrane
|
Alport's syndrome
|
|
|
|
Collagen IV mutation, nerve deafness and ocular disorders
|
Alport's syndrome
|
|
|
|
Symptomes of Nephrotic Syndrome
|
massive proteinuria
hypoalbuminemia peripheral and periorbital edema hyperlipidemia |
|
|
|
LM: Diffuse capillary and basement membrane thickening
|
Membranous glomerulonephritis––
|
|
|
|
IF: granular pattern
|
Membranous glomerulonephritis––
or, acute poststrep glumerulonephritis |
|
|
|
EM: "spike and dome" -
|
Membranous glomerulonephritis––
"Spike and dome" results from extension of basement membrane between and around immune deposits: spikes - basement membrane, domes - immune complex deposits |
|
|
|
LM: normal glomeruli.
|
Minimal change disease (lipoid nephrosis)
|
|
|
|
EM: foot process effacement
|
Minimal change disease (lipoid nephrosis)
|
|
|
|
Most common cause of childhood nephrotic syndrome, responds well to steroids
|
Minimal change disease (lipoid nephrosis)
|
|
|
|
A common cause of young adult nephrotic syndrome
|
Membranous glomerulonephritis––
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lipid laden renal cortices
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Minimal change disease (lipoid nephrosis)
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More severe in HIV pts.
Clinically similar to minimal change disease in older pts. |
Focal segmental glomerular sclerosis––
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Focal segmental glomerular sclerosis––
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Focal segmental glomerular sclerosis––
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LM: Kimmelstiel Wilson lesions - nodular accumulations of mesangial matrix material
basement membrane thickening |
Diabetic nephropathy––
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LM: In membranous glomerulonephritis
pattern, wire-loop lesion with subendothelial deposits. |
SLE
but has 5 patterns of renal involvement. 10% of SLE pts get membranous glomerulonephritis. |
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